RU2016141091A - LAMINATED HEAT EXCHANGER-CONDENSER-EVAPORATOR AND METHOD FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE DECOMPOSITION OF AIR - Google Patents

LAMINATED HEAT EXCHANGER-CONDENSER-EVAPORATOR AND METHOD FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE DECOMPOSITION OF AIR Download PDF

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RU2016141091A
RU2016141091A RU2016141091A RU2016141091A RU2016141091A RU 2016141091 A RU2016141091 A RU 2016141091A RU 2016141091 A RU2016141091 A RU 2016141091A RU 2016141091 A RU2016141091 A RU 2016141091A RU 2016141091 A RU2016141091 A RU 2016141091A
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fluid
heat exchanger
condenser
evaporator
plates
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RU2016141091A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2016141091A3 (en
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Томас ХЕХТ
Вернер КИППЕ
Айхан ЯЙЛЫ
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Линде Акциенгезелльшафт
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04066—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04072—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of argon or argon enriched stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers

Claims (15)

1. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100), содержащий теплообменный блок (10), который имеет множество теплообменных пластин (20, 30) с направляющими текучую среду структурами (21, 31), при этом теплообменный блок (10) имеет первую наружную поверхность (11), лежащую противоположно первой наружной поверхности (11) вторую наружную поверхность (12), третью наружную поверхность (13) и лежащую противоположно третьей наружной поверхности (13) четвертую наружную поверхность (14), при этом направляющие текучую среду структуры (21) первых теплообменных пластин (20) имеют первые и вторые отверстия (211, 212) на теплообменном блоке (10), не закрытые как подающими текучую среду трубопроводами, так и собирающими текучую среду трубопроводами, и при этом направляющие текучую среду структуры (31) вторых теплообменных пластин (30) проходят между расположенным на теплообменном блоке (10) подающим текучую среду трубопроводом (40) и расположенным на теплообменном блоке (10) собирающим текучую среду трубопроводом (50), отличающийся тем, что подающий текучую среду трубопровод (40) расположен на первой наружной поверхности (11), причем первые отверстия (211) направляющих текучую среду структур (21) первых теплообменных пластин (20) расположены либо в не закрытой подающим текучую среду трубопроводом (40) зоне первой наружной поверхности (11), либо в первой зоне третьей наружной поверхности (13) и в первой зоне четвертой наружной поверхности (14).1. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) comprising a heat exchange unit (10), which has a plurality of heat exchange plates (20, 30) with fluid-guiding structures (21, 31), while the heat exchanger block (10) has a first outer a surface (11) lying opposite the first outer surface (11) a second outer surface (12), a third outer surface (13) and lying opposite the third outer surface (13) a fourth outer surface (14), while guiding the fluid structure (21 a) first heat exchangers x plates (20) have first and second openings (211, 212) on the heat exchange unit (10), not closed by both fluid-supplying pipelines and fluid-collecting pipelines, and wherein the fluid-guiding structures (31) of the second heat-exchange plates (30) pass between the fluid supply line (40) located on the heat exchange unit (10) and the fluid collection line (50) located on the heat exchange unit (10), characterized in that the fluid supply line (40) is located on the first outer more surface (11), and the first holes (211) of the fluid-guiding structures (21) of the first heat transfer plates (20) are located either in the area of the first outer surface (11) not closed by the fluid supply pipe (40) or in the first zone of the third outer surface (13) and in the first zone of the fourth outer surface (14). 2. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 1, в котором первые отверстия (211) направляющих текучую среду структур (21) первых теплообменных пластин (20) образованы с помощью собирающих текучую среду структур (213), которые соединены с теплообменными ребрами (215) в центральной зоне направляющих текучую среду структур (21).2. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 1, wherein the first openings (211) of the fluid-guiding structures (21) of the first heat-exchange plates (20) are formed by fluid-collecting structures (213) that are connected to heat exchange fins (215) in the central zone of the fluid-guiding structures (21). 3. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 2, в котором подающий текучую среду трубопровод (40) проходит в средней зоне первой наружной поверхности (11) под прямым углом к теплообменным пластинам (20, 30).3. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 2, wherein the fluid supply pipe (40) passes in the middle zone of the first outer surface (11) at right angles to the heat exchanger plates (20, 30). 4. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 2 или 3, в котором направляющие текучую среду структуры (213) первых теплообменных пластин (20) выполнены в виде распределителей с двойным выходом.4. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 2 or 3, in which the fluid-guiding structures (213) of the first heat exchanger plates (20) are made in the form of double-output distributors. 5. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 1, в котором направляющие текучую среду структуры (31) вторых теплообменных пластин (30) имеют на первой наружной поверхности (11) отверстия (311), которые выходят в подающий текучую среду трубопровод (40) и образованы с помощью распределяющих текучую среду структур (313), которые соединены с теплообменными ребрами (315) в центральной зоне направляющих текучую среду структур (31).5. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 1, wherein the fluid-guiding structures (31) of the second heat-exchange plates (30) have openings (311) on the first outer surface (11) that exit into the fluid supply conduit (40) and are formed by fluid distributing structures (313), which are connected to heat exchange fins (315) in the central zone of the fluid-guiding structures (31). 6. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 5, в котором распределяющие текучую среду структуры (313) вторых теплообменных пластин (30) выполнены в виде центральных распределителей.6. The plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 5, wherein the fluid-distributing structures (313) of the second heat-exchange plates (30) are made in the form of central distributors. 7. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 1, в котором собирающий текучую среду трубопровод (50) расположен на второй наружной поверхности (12).7. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 1, wherein the fluid collecting conduit (50) is located on the second outer surface (12). 8. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 7, в котором вторые отверстия (212) направляющих текучую среду структур (21) первых теплообменных пластин (20) образованы с помощью распределяющих текучую среду структур (214), которые соединены с теплообменными ребрами (215) в центральной зоне направляющих текучую среду структур (21), при этом образованные с помощью направляющих текучую среду структур (214) вторые отверстия (212) расположены либо в не закрытой собирающим текучую среду трубопроводом (50) зоне второй наружной поверхности (12), либо во второй зоне третьей наружной поверхности (13) и во второй зоне четвертой наружной поверхности (14).8. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 7, wherein the second openings (212) of the fluid-guiding structures (21) of the first heat-exchange plates (20) are formed by fluid-distributing structures (214) that are connected to heat exchange fins (215) in the central region of the fluid-guiding structures (21), wherein the second openings (212) formed by the fluid-guiding structures (214) are located either in the area of the second outer surface not closed by the fluid-collecting pipe (50) ( 12) whether a second zone of the third outer surface (13) and in the second zone of the fourth outer surface (14). 9. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 8, в котором собирающий текучую среду трубопровод (50) проходит в средней зоне второй наружной поверхности (12) под прямым углом к теплообменным пластинам (20, 30).9. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 8, wherein the fluid-collecting conduit (50) passes in the middle zone of the second outer surface (12) at right angles to the heat exchanger plates (20, 30). 10. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по любому из пп. 8 или 9, в котором направляющие текучую среду структуры (214) первых теплообменных пластин (20) выполнены в виде распределителей с двойным входом.10. The plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to any one of paragraphs. 8 or 9, in which the fluid-guiding structures (214) of the first heat exchanger plates (20) are in the form of double inlet distributors. 11. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 8, в котором направляющие текучую среду структуры (31) вторых теплообменных пластин (30) имеют на второй наружной поверхности (12) отверстия (312), которые выходят в собирающий текучую среду трубопровод (50) и образованы с помощью собирающих текучую среду структур (314), которые соединены с теплообменными ребрами (315) в центральной зоне направляющих текучую среду структур (31).11. A plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 8, wherein the fluid-guiding structures (31) of the second heat-exchange plates (30) have openings (312) on the second outer surface (12) that exit into the collecting fluid conduit (50) and are formed using fluid-collecting structures (314) that are connected to heat exchange fins (315) in the central zone of the fluid-guiding structures (31). 12. Пластинчатый теплообменник-конденсатор-испаритель (100) по п. 11, в котором собирающие текучую среду структуры (314) вторых теплообменных пластин (30) выполнены в виде центральных распределителей.12. The plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator (100) according to claim 11, wherein the fluid-collecting structures (314) of the second heat-exchange plates (30) are made in the form of central distributors. 13. Способ низкотемпературного разложения воздуха, при котором с применением сжатого охлажденного используемого воздуха в первой дистилляционной колонне образуется обогащенный кислородом выходящий из низа колонны продукт и обогащенный азотом головной продукт, и с применением обогащенного кислородом выходящего из низа колонны продукта из первой дистилляционной колонны во второй дистилляционной колонне создается богатый кислородом выходящий из низа колонны продукт и богатый азотом головной продукт, отличающийся тем, что применяют один или несколько пластинчатых теплообменников-конденсаторов-испарителей (100) по любому из пп. 1-12.13. A method of low-temperature decomposition of air, in which, using compressed cooled used air in the first distillation column, an oxygen-enriched product emerging from the bottom of the column and a nitrogen-rich head product are formed, and using an oxygen-enriched product coming out of the bottom of the column from the first distillation column in the second distillation the column creates an oxygen-rich product coming out from the bottom of the column and a nitrogen-rich head product, characterized in that one in or several plate heat exchangers-condensers-evaporators (100) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-12. 14. Способ по п. 13, при котором с помощью пластинчатого теплообменника-конденсатора-испарителя или с помощью одного их пластинчатых теплообменников-конденсаторов-испарителей (100) богатый кислородом выходящий из низа колонны продукт второй дистилляционной колонны частично испаряют в направляющих текучую среду структурах первых теплообменных пластин, и в котором частично сжижают богатый азотом головной продукт первой дистилляционной колонны в направляющих текучую среду структурах вторых теплообменных пластин.14. The method according to claim 13, wherein using the plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator or using one of their plate heat exchangers-condensers-evaporators (100) the oxygen-rich product of the second distillation column leaving the bottom of the column partially evaporates in the structures of the first heat transfer plates, and in which the nitrogen-rich head product of the first distillation column is partially liquefied in the fluid-guiding structures of the second heat transfer plates. 15. Способ по п. 13, при котором из второй дистилляционной колонны извлекают текучую среду и подают в третью дистилляционную колонну, при этом третья дистилляционная колонна имеет головной конденсатор, в котором с помощью пластинчатого теплообменника-конденсатора-испарителя или одного из пластинчатых теплообменников-конденсаторов-испарителей (100) часть обогащенного кислородом выходящего из низа колонны продукта первой дистилляционной колонны частично испаряют в направляющих текучую среду структурах первых теплообменных пластин, и в котором обогащенный аргоном головной продукт третьей дистилляционной колонны частично сжижают в направляющих текучую среду структурах вторых теплообменных пластин.15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the fluid is removed from the second distillation column and fed to a third distillation column, wherein the third distillation column has a head condenser, in which using a plate heat exchanger-condenser-evaporator or one of the plate heat exchangers-condensers evaporators (100), part of the oxygen-enriched product coming from the bottom of the column of the product of the first distillation column partially evaporates in the fluid-guiding structures of the first heat-transfer plates, and in In a torus, the argon-rich head product of the third distillation column is partially liquefied in the fluid-guiding structures of the second heat transfer plates.
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