RU2016103935A - Emission Control Method - Google Patents

Emission Control Method Download PDF

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RU2016103935A
RU2016103935A RU2016103935A RU2016103935A RU2016103935A RU 2016103935 A RU2016103935 A RU 2016103935A RU 2016103935 A RU2016103935 A RU 2016103935A RU 2016103935 A RU2016103935 A RU 2016103935A RU 2016103935 A RU2016103935 A RU 2016103935A
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emissions
paragraphs
driving conditions
vehicle
exhaust gas
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RU2016103935A
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RU2711904C2 (en
RU2016103935A3 (en
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Ким ФОРД
Андреш АРЕВАЛО
Джеймс Райт
Иэн МЮРРЕЙ
СМЕТ Фредерик ДЕ
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Форд Глобал Текнолоджиз, Ллк
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1445—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being related to the exhaust flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
    • F02D41/3076—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion with special conditions for selecting a mode of combustion, e.g. for starting, for diagnosing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0042—Systems for the equilibration of forces acting on the machines or pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/18—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with similar tooth forms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2390/00—Arrangements for controlling or regulating exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/50—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/50—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
    • F02D2200/501—Vehicle speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Claims (36)

1. Способ регулирования выбросов автомобильного транспортного средства, в котором:1. A method of controlling emissions of a motor vehicle in which: определяют величину выбросов транспортного средства;determine the amount of vehicle emissions; определяют категорию текущих ездовых условий транспортного средства; иdetermine the category of current driving conditions of the vehicle; and определяют управление двигателем и/или обработкой отработавших газов, которое применяют в соответствии с величиной выбросов и категорией текущих условий вождения;determine engine control and / or exhaust gas treatment, which is used in accordance with the amount of emissions and the category of current driving conditions; отличающийся тем, что управление двигателем и/или обработкой отработавших газов определяют с целью достижения максимальной топливной экономичности при поддержании величины выбросов на уровне порогового значения или ниже.characterized in that the control of the engine and / or exhaust gas treatment is determined in order to achieve maximum fuel economy while maintaining the emissions at a threshold value or lower. 2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что величина выбросов является скользящей средней величиной выбросов.2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the amount of emissions is a moving average of the emissions. 3. Способ по п. 2, отличающийся тем, что скользящая средняя величина выбросов содержит средние величины выбросов, соответствующие текущей категории условий вождения.3. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that the moving average emissions contains average emissions corresponding to the current category of driving conditions. 4. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что скользящая средняя величина выбросов содержит средние величины выбросов, относящиеся к категории условий вождения, отличной от текущих условий вождения.4. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the moving average of the emissions contains average values of emissions related to the category of driving conditions different from the current driving conditions. 5. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что скользящая средняя величина выбросов содержит средние величины выбросов, относящиеся по существу к полному ездовому циклу, совершаемому транспортным средством.5. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the moving average of the emissions contains average values of emissions related essentially to the complete driving cycle committed by the vehicle. 6. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что категорию текущих условий вождения транспортного средства определяют в соответствии со скоростью транспортного средства.6. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the category of current driving conditions of the vehicle is determined in accordance with the speed of the vehicle. 7. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что категорию текущих условий вождения транспортного средства определяют в соответствии с мощностью, передаваемой на колеса транспортного средства.7. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the category of current driving conditions of the vehicle is determined in accordance with the power transmitted to the wheels of the vehicle. 8. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что условия вождения подразделяют на городское, загородное или шоссейное вождение.8. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the driving conditions are divided into urban, suburban or highway driving. 9. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что условия вождения подразделяют на вождение с высокой или низкой мощностью, передаваемой на колеса.9. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the driving conditions are divided into driving with high or low power transmitted to the wheels. 10. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что величину выбросов определяют по меньшей мере частично на основе данных одного или нескольких датчиков, которыми оснащено транспортное средство.10. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the emission value is determined at least partially based on the data of one or more sensors with which the vehicle is equipped. 11. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что величину выбросов определяют по меньшей мере частично посредством обращения к одной или нескольким моделям данных и/или справочным таблицам.11. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the value of the emissions is determined at least partially by referring to one or more data models and / or look-up tables. 12. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит этап, на котором: определяют время применения управления двигателем и/или обработкой отработавших газов с целью достижения максимальной топливной экономичности при поддержании величины выбросов на уровне порогового значения или ниже.12. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that it further comprises the step of: determining the time of application of engine control and / or exhaust gas treatment in order to achieve maximum fuel economy while maintaining emissions at a threshold value or lower. 13. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит этапы, на которых определяют категорию условий вождения, при которых применяют выбранное управление двигателем и/или обработкой отработавших газов с целью достижения максимальной топливной экономичности при поддержании величины выбросов на уровне порогового значения или ниже.13. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that it further comprises the steps of determining the category of driving conditions under which the selected engine control and / or exhaust gas treatment are applied in order to achieve maximum fuel economy while maintaining the emission level at a threshold value or lower. 14. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что управление двигателем и/или обработкой отработавших газов применяют в текущих условиях вождения.14. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the engine control and / or exhaust gas treatment is used in the current driving conditions. 15. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что выбранное управление двигателем и/или обработкой отработавших газов применяют в условиях вождения другой категории.15. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the selected engine control and / or exhaust gas treatment is used in a different category of driving conditions. 16. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что выбранное управление двигателем и/или обработкой отработавших газов увеличит выбросы транспортного средства.16. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the selected engine control and / or exhaust gas treatment will increase vehicle emissions. 17. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит этап, на котором определяют эффективность устройства обработки отработавших газов.17. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that it further comprises the step of determining the effectiveness of the exhaust gas treatment device. 18. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит этап, на котором обновляют пороговое значение для обеспечения возможности улучшения эффективности двигателя и/или транспортного средства в одной или нескольких категориях условий вождения.18. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that it further comprises the step of updating the threshold value in order to enable the improvement of engine and / or vehicle performance in one or more categories of driving conditions. 19. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит этап, на котором определяют эффективность двигателя и/или транспортного средства в одной или нескольких категориях условий вождения.19. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that it further comprises the step of determining the efficiency of the engine and / or vehicle in one or more categories of driving conditions. 20. Способ по п. 19, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит этап, на котором:20. The method according to p. 19, characterized in that it further comprises a stage in which: по меньшей мере частично обновляют пороговое значение в соответствии с относительными значениями эффективности двигателя и/или транспортного средства в одной или нескольких категориях условий вождения.at least partially update the threshold value in accordance with the relative values of the efficiency of the engine and / or vehicle in one or more categories of driving conditions. 21. Способ по любому из пп. 2 или 3, отличающийся тем, что величина выбросов представляет собой прогнозируемую величину выбросов для будущих условий вождения.21. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 2 or 3, characterized in that the emission value is the predicted emission value for future driving conditions. 22. Способ по п. 3, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит этапы, на которых:22. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that it further comprises stages in which: определяют прогнозируемую скользящую среднюю величину выбросов для будущих условий вождения;determining a projected moving average of emissions for future driving conditions; определяют совокупную скользящую среднюю величину выбросов, вычисляемую на основе текущих и будущих условий вождения, иdetermining an aggregate moving average of emissions calculated based on current and future driving conditions, and регулируют работу двигателя и/или системы обработки отработавших газов для поддержания совокупной скользящей средней величины выбросов на уровне заранее определенного порогового значения или ниже и для достижения за счет этого необходимого фактора соответствия.regulate the operation of the engine and / or the exhaust gas treatment system to maintain the cumulative moving average of the emissions at a predetermined threshold value or lower and thereby achieve the necessary compliance factor. 23. Способ по п. 22, дополнительно содержащий этапы, на которых:23. The method according to p. 22, further comprising stages in which: определяют скользящую среднюю величину выбросов для прошлых условий вождения;determining a moving average of emissions for past driving conditions; причем совокупную скользящую среднюю величину выбросов вычисляют на основе прошлых, текущих и будущих условий вождения.wherein the cumulative moving average of the emissions is calculated based on past, current and future driving conditions. 24. Система, содержащая один или несколько модулей, выполненных с возможностью осуществления способа по любому из предшествующих пунктов.24. A system comprising one or more modules configured to implement the method according to any one of the preceding paragraphs. 25. Система по п. 24, дополнительно содержащая один или несколько датчиков выбросов.25. The system of claim 24, further comprising one or more emission sensors. 26. Транспортное средство, содержащее систему по любому из пп. 24 или 25.26. A vehicle containing a system according to any one of paragraphs. 24 or 25.
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