RU2015703C1 - Swing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: amusement park facilities. SUBSTANCE: bearing cross-bars 3 carry shaft 4 for suspension of boat-shaped seat 6. Programmed control system of position of boat-shaped seat 6 has electrically interconnected readers, control unit and actuator. Wheel brake mechanism has brake wheel position control mechanism and its drive. Power-driven mechanism for boat-shaped seat wheels with their rotation drive and power-driven wheel position control mechanism and its drive. Reader is operatively connected to one of the levers used for suspension of boat-shaped seat. Actuator is electrically connected to rotation drive of power-driven wheel and to drives of mechanism of control of power-driven and brake wheel position. EFFECT: enhanced operating reliability. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention is a "rook" swing for riding passengers, suspended on pendulum arms, relates to the section "satisfying human needs" and can be used in amusement parks.

 A swing is known in which the skating support suspended from the pendulum arms is driven by a wheel drive reversible depending on the pendulum movement. As a wheel drive in a known swing, two drive wheels mounted on a rotary balancer moving in the opposite direction and equipped with friction pads located around the circumference are used. The balancer is tilted by means of a controlled drive so that the driven wheels alternately come into interaction with the lower side of the support for skaters.

 The known device has several disadvantages.

 The operation of the entire system depends on a number of variable factors - the mass of the load rolling on the support, their distribution over the area of the support, external weather factors - humidity, temperature of the wheel and the environment and the degree of wear of the outer surface of the drive wheel, which generally affects the sliding friction coefficient between the lower surface of the support for skating and the wheel of the wheel drive, which leads to the fact that the magnitude of the value of the swinging moment with a constant effort to preload the wheel of the wheel drive is the magnitude of the changes oh and not associated with other dynamic parameters of the process of the buildup, in particular with an angle of pitching. This leads to slippage of the wheel of the wheel drive relative to the lower surface of the support for skiers and there are different values of the swing angles, as a result we have unstable processes of swing, excess weight and heating of the wheel of the wheel drive, resulting in a reduced service life of the swing.

 The closest features to the proposed swing are swings with a “rook”, containing support bolts fixed to the platform, supporting a suspension shaft on levers with the ability to swing a “rook” for the user, and a drive mechanism for the “rook”, including installed with the possibility of contacting its bottom of the wheel with a drive for their rotation, a mechanism for controlling the position of the drive wheels and a drive for it.

 A disadvantage of the known design is that it only corrects the moment on the drive wheel when the drive wheel slips along the bottom surface of the support for skiers and does not coordinate this moment with the actual angle of deviation of the support for skaters at each pitch, which increases the wear of the drive wheel, which makes the whole system uneconomical.

 Another disadvantage is that the braking process is not controlled and not controlled.

 In addition, the hydraulics used in the wheel drive do not ensure the speed of the entire system at a short swing.

 The entire system of hydraulic equipment is not reliable enough in the conditions of park facilities, it requires constant care, which complicates the operation of the swing.

 To eliminate the above disadvantages, the known swing is equipped with a program control system including a reading device, a control unit and an actuator electrically connected to each other, and a wheel braking mechanism including a brake wheel position control mechanism and its drive, while the brake wheels are mounted with contact with the bottom "rooks", and the reader is mounted on one of the support crossbars and kinematically connected with one of the levers, and the executive an electrically coupled to drive the rotation of the drive wheels and drive control mechanisms provisions of drive and braking wheels. The reader is made in the form of a rotation angle sensor, and the actuator is in the form of a series of electrical relays. In this case, the wheel braking mechanism is equipped with friction linings located along the circumference of the brake wheel with the possibility of contacting with it.

 The drawing shows a swing with a diagram of a program control system, General view.

 The swing is a mobile baseless metal construction. On eight support elements 1, a platform 2 is installed with support bolts 3 mounted on it.

 The supporting crossbars 3 are two inverted V-shaped elements supporting the shaft 4. On the shaft 4 on the levers 5 with a possibility of free rolling "rook" 6 for rolling passengers is suspended. The swing is equipped with a wheel drive 7 and a wheel brake 8 in contact with the bottom of the "boat". The wheel drive 7, in turn, is equipped with a control mechanism 9, the drive 10 of the control mechanism 9 and the rotation drive 11. The wheel brake 8 is equipped with a control mechanism 12 and a drive 13 of the control mechanism 12. The control mechanisms 9 and 12 can be made in the form of mechanical (for example: lever , screw, etc.) pneumatic or hydraulic systems.

 On the wheel of the wheel brake 8, friction pads 14 are installed, located around its circumference and connected with the control mechanism 12.

 A rotation angle sensor 15 is mounted on one of the fixed support crossbars 3, kinematically connected, for example, by means of a system of friction wheels 16 with one of the swinging levers 5. A sine-cosine rotating transformer of the VT-5 type is used as a rotation angle sensor. Friction wheels 16, simultaneously contacting on one side with one of the swinging levers 5, and on the other with the angle sensor 15, transmit during operation the angular movement of the lever 5 with the "boat" 6 to the angle sensor 15.

 The angle sensor 15, the control unit 17 and the actuating element 18 form a program control system, which is equipped with a swing. As the actuating element 18 in the control system, a number of electrical relays are used, type RP21-003. The actuating element 18 of the program control system is electrically connected with the drive 10 of the control mechanism 9 of the wheel drive 7, with the drive 13 of the control mechanism 12 of the wheel brake 8 and with the rotation drive 11 of the wheel drive 7.

 The swing works in four modes: "0" mode, swing mode, free swing mode, braking mode.

 Before starting work, the swing is in equilibrium, in the zero position and fixed in it using the wheel brake 8. In this case, the wheel of the wheel brake 8 is in contact with the bottom of the "boat" 6. The wheel of the wheel drive 7 is retracted from the bottom of the "boat" 6 and is in extreme lower position. The software control system is disabled. Passenger boarding is in progress 6.

 After landing, the entire system (swing and program control system) is brought into "0" mode.

 To do this, press the "START" button on the panel of the control unit 17, and the toggle switch "CONTROL-WORK" is set to the position "CONTROL", while the power of the program control system is turned on. It gives a command to drive 10 "DISABLE THE WHEEL DRIVE" and to drive 13 "ENABLE THE WHEEL BRAKE". With these commands, both the wheel drive 7 and the wheel brake 8 remain in their original position, in the position in which they were at the time of loading passengers. The program control system confirms this position.

0
- абсолютная величина смещения оси "ладьи" 6 относительно ее нулевого положения
| Х | ≅ 10 см при R = 10 м, где R - радиус качания.In "0" mode, the program control system checks for the initial position of the entire complex and the following conditions:
- the absolute value of the initial swing angle should be l α l≅0.01 ^о
- change the sign of the speed of the angle
α

0
- the absolute value of the offset axis of the "rook" 6 relative to its zero position
| X | ≅ 10 cm at R = 10 m, where R is the swing radius.

 If these conditions are met, the indicator "0" mode should light up on the front panel of the control unit 17.

 If the indicator does not light up, it means that there are malfunctions in the system and the toggle switch cannot be moved to the "Work" position. Malfunctions need to be fixed.

 If the indicator lights up, the operator sets the session time and the swing range with the corresponding switches on the front panel of the control unit 17. Then the toggle switch is put into the “WORK” position and the whole complex goes into swing mode.

 In the swing mode, the control unit 17 provides an electric signal to the actuating element 18 of the program control system "DISABLE BRAKE", "ENABLE WHEEL DRIVE", "ENABLE ROTARY DRIVE". Moreover, these electrical signals are transmitted respectively to the actuators 13 and 10, to the rotation drive 11.

 The signals from the drives 13 and 10, in turn, are transmitted to the control mechanisms 12 and 9, respectively. After that, the wheel brake 8 is lowered to its lowest position. The wheel drive wheel 7 starts to rotate, and the wheel drive 7 rises to its highest position until it contacts the bottom of the rook 6. The session time counter is turned on and the current time is compared with the time set by the operator using the control unit 17.

After the moment of contact of the wheel of the wheel drive 7 with the bottom of the "boat" 6, the first swing of the "boat" 6 occurs. The "boat" 6 and the levers 5 begin to move under the action of the rotating wheel of the wheel drive 7 around the axis of the shaft 4. The friction wheels in contact with the levers 5 16 also rotate around their axes, this rotation corresponds to the rotation of the "boat" 6 around the axis of the shaft 4. The rotation of the friction wheels 16 is transmitted to the rotation angle sensor 16 interacting with them. And since the sine-cosine rotate is used as the rotation angle sensor 15 If the transformer is of the VT-5 type, then at the supply voltage of the rotation angle sensor 15, the voltage U ₁ = K ˙ U _m ˙ sin α is generated on its sine winding, and the voltage U ₂ = K ˙ U _m ˙ cos α, where K = 0.96 transformation coefficient VT-5.

The measurement of the angle α is carried out by storing the amplitude of the voltage U ₁ using the control unit 17.

.The whole control system is built on the principle of measuring the angle and the rate of change of angle

.

- скорости изменения угла фиксируется еще одно значение напряжения U₁' через время Δ t.For measuring

- the rate of change of the angle is fixed another value of the voltage U ₁ 'after a time Δ t.

. Знак вектора скорости определяется знаком напряжения ΔU.The voltage difference ΔU = U ₁ - U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{''}}{\text{1}}$ will be proportional to the rate of change of angle

. The sign of the velocity vector is determined by the sign of the voltage ΔU.

с плюса на минус блок управления 17 выдает электрический сигнал на исполнительный элемент 18, а он - на приводы 10, 13 и на соответствующие механизмы управления 9, 12. После этих сигналов колесный привод 7 опускается в крайнее нижнее положение, а колесный тормоз 8 отключен и остается в крайнем нижнем положении.At the first quality, the control system checks the condition α> 0.04 and when the speed sign changes

From plus to minus, the control unit 17 gives an electric signal to the actuator 18, and it to the actuators 10, 13 and to the corresponding control mechanisms 9, 12. After these signals, the wheel drive 7 is lowered to its lowest position, and the wheel brake 8 is disconnected and remains in the lowest position.

. Сигнал передается на исполнительный элемент 18, а тот в свою очередь на привод 10 и механизм управления 9.On the second and next steps, the control unit 17 generates an electrical signal provided that α> -15 ^about and a positive sign

. The signal is transmitted to the actuating element 18, and that in turn to the actuator 10 and the control mechanism 9.

 The wheel drive 7 rises to the extreme upper point until the wheel of the wheel drive 7 contacts the bottom of the "rook" 6.

), то поднимается в крайнее верхнее положение (при положительном знаке

) до контакта с днищем "ладьи" 6. Тем самым устраняется контакт и истирание колеса колесного привода о днище "ладьи" 6, когда "ладья" совершает обратный ход.In the process of swinging, the wheel drive 7 then lowers to its lowest position (with a negative sign

), then rises to its highest position (with a positive sign

) before contact with the bottom of the "boat" 6. This eliminates the contact and abrasion of the wheel of the wheel drive about the bottom of the "boat" 6, when the "boat" makes a return stroke.

 During the swing process, the control unit 17 continuously compares the value of the angle α with the value of the maximum swing angle.

The value of stresses - the maximum swing angle settings is determined by the expression: U ₂ '= U ₀ ^. cos α, where U ₀ is the maximum voltage value on the cosine winding of the angle sensor, and the maximum swing angle ranges: α = 45 ^o , α = 60 ^o , α = 75 ^o , α = 85 ^o .

 Upon reaching the maximum swing angle, the control unit 17 puts the swing into free swing mode.

 In the free swing mode, the control unit 17 continuously provides signals to the actuator 18, and from it to the actuators 10, 13 and to the corresponding control mechanisms 9 and 12. With these signals, the wheel brake 8 is in its lowest position, that is, it is disabled, and wheel drive 7 is in the lower position, and its wheel is not in contact with the bottom of the "boat" 6.

 In addition, in the free swing mode, the control unit 17 monitors the time. Upon reaching the time set by the operator (t = 0.5; 1; 2; 2.5 s), the control unit 17 puts the complex into braking mode.

 In braking mode, the control unit 17 through the actuating element 18 provides signals to the actuators 10 and 13 of the corresponding control mechanisms 9 and 12. With these signals, the wheel drive 7 remains in its lowest position, and the wheel brake 8 is engaged and rises. Simultaneously with the raising of the wheel brake 8, the friction linings 14 are withdrawn from the wheel of the wheel brake 8. As soon as the wheel of the wheel brake 8 reaches its highest position, it will contact the bottom of the “boat” 6 and the wheel will begin to rotate freely around its axis under the action of friction forces and accelerate the damping of the oscillations of the rook 6.

. В зависимости от этого контроля и от полученных значений угла α и скорости изменения угла

блок управления 17 выдает сигнал, который, поступая на привод 13 и на механизм управления 12, обеспечивает то подвод фрикционных накладок 14 к колесу колесного тормоза 8, притормаживая его, то отвод фрикционных накладок 14 от колеса колесного тормоза 8, давая ему свободно вращаться, но уже со сниженной скоростью. Такое периодическое воздействие на колесе колесного тормоза 8, вызывает плавное затухание колебаний "ладьи" 6, уменьшение трения колеса колесного тормоза 8 о дно "ладьи" 6 и увеличение срока службы колесного тормоза 8 и качелей в целом.In braking mode, the control unit 17 continues to monitor the values of the angle α and the rate of change of the angle

. Depending on this control and on the obtained values of the angle α and the rate of change of the angle

the control unit 17 generates a signal, which, arriving at the actuator 13 and the control mechanism 12, ensures that the friction lining 14 is supplied to the wheel of the wheel brake 8, braking it, then the friction lining 14 is withdrawn from the wheel of the wheel brake 8, allowing it to rotate freely, but already at a reduced speed. Such periodic exposure on the wheel of the wheel brake 8 causes a smooth attenuation of the oscillations of the "boat" 6, a decrease in the friction of the wheel of the wheel brake 8 against the bottom of the "boat" 6 and an increase in the service life of the wheel brake 8 and the swing as a whole.

0 и α < 0,02. После фиксирования этих значений фрикционные накладки 14 последний раз подводят к колесу колесного тормоза 8, сжимают колесо накладками 14 в радиальном направлении, останавливают его и "ладью" 6 в нулевом положении, что соответствует окончанию сеанса. Блок управления 17 отключает систему программного управления. После чего производят высадку пассажиров из "ладьи" 6. Следующий сеанс повторяют аналогичным образом.After 2 s (end time of the session), the control unit 17 fixes the value of α

0 and α <0.02. After fixing these values, the friction linings 14 are brought to the wheel of the wheel brake 8 for the last time, the wheel is compressed by the linings 14 in the radial direction, and it is stopped by the “boat" 6 in the zero position, which corresponds to the end of the session. The control unit 17 disables the program control system. Then make the landing of passengers from the "boat" 6. The next session is repeated in a similar manner.

 Using the proposed technical solution allows you to correct the magnitude of the moment on the wheel of the wheel drive to achieve the last slip of the bottom of the "rook" and coordinate this moment with the actual angle of deviation of the "rook", which allows to optimize the buildup process, to perform the buildup process more economically and in a shorter period time, and also to monitor and control the braking process of the swing as a whole.

 In addition, the swing is a small prefabricated structure that is easy to transport and install in small parks.

Claims (3)

 1. Swing, containing support bolts mounted on the platform, bearing a suspension shaft on levers with the possibility of swinging the rook for the user, and a rook drive mechanism, including wheels mounted with the possibility of contacting with its bottom with a rotation drive, a mechanism for controlling the position of the drive wheels and a drive for it, characterized in that they are equipped with a programmed control system including a reading device electrically interconnected, a control unit and an actuator, and wheel brakes a mechanism including a mechanism for controlling the position of the brake wheels and its drive, while the brake wheels are mounted with the possibility of contacting the bottom of the boat, the reader mounted on one of the support bolts and kinematically connected to one of the levers, and the actuator is electrically connected to the drive rotation of the drive wheels and drives of mechanisms for controlling the positions of drive and brake wheels.  2. The swing according to claim 1, characterized in that the reading device is made in the form of a rotation angle sensor, and the actuator is in the form of a series of electrical relays.  3. A swing according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the wheel brake mechanism is equipped with friction linings located along the circumference of the brake wheel with the possibility of contact with it.