RU2014109013A - Установка для сжижения природного газа с этилен-независимой системой извлечения тяжелых фракций - Google Patents

Установка для сжижения природного газа с этилен-независимой системой извлечения тяжелых фракций Download PDF

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RU2014109013A
RU2014109013A RU2014109013/06A RU2014109013A RU2014109013A RU 2014109013 A RU2014109013 A RU 2014109013A RU 2014109013/06 A RU2014109013/06 A RU 2014109013/06A RU 2014109013 A RU2014109013 A RU 2014109013A RU 2014109013 A RU2014109013 A RU 2014109013A
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stream
natural gas
fractions
heavy
refrigerant
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RU2607933C2 (ru
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Джон М. Мок
Меган В. ЭВАНС
Аттилио Дж. ПРАДЕРИО
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Конокофиллипс Компани
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
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    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
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    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
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    • F25J1/0209—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop as at least a three level refrigeration cascade
    • F25J1/021—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop as at least a three level refrigeration cascade using a deep flash recycle loop
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
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    • F25J1/0231—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the working-up of the hydrocarbon feed, e.g. reinjection of heavier hydrocarbons into the liquefied gas
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    • F25J3/0242—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 3 carbon atoms or more
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Abstract

1. Способ сжижения природного газа, включающий:а) охлаждение части питающего потока природного газа с образованием охлажденного питающего потока природного газа;b) объединение охлажденного питающего потока природного газа с сжатым потоком орошения с формированием объединенного потока природного газа;c) разделение объединенного потока природного газа на первый поток легких фракций и первый поток тяжелых фракций;d) расширение первого потока легких фракций с формированием расширенного первого потока легких фракций;e) введение по меньшей мере части первого потока тяжелых фракций и по меньшей мере части расширенного первого потока легких фракций в колонну удаления тяжелых фракций с формированием потока, обедненного тяжелыми фракциями, и потока, обогащенного тяжелыми фракциями;f) разделение по меньшей мере части потока, обогащенного тяжелыми фракциями, на поток орошения и более тяжелый поток; иg) сжатие потока орошения в сжатый поток орошения.2. Способ по п. 1, где стадии (а)-(g) осуществляются в многоступенчатой установке для сжижения природного газа каскадного типа.3. Способ по п. 1, в котором часть питающего потока природного газа охлаждается с помощью косвенного теплообмена с первым хладагентом.4. Способ по п. 3, в котором первый хладагент содержит преимущественно пропан или преимущественно пропилен.5. Способ сжижения природного газа, включающий:а) охлаждение части питающего потока природного газа с помощью косвенного теплообмена с первым хладагентом с формированием охлажденного питающего потока природного газа;b) разделение охлажденного питающего потока природного газа на первый поток легких фракций и первый

Claims (13)

1. Способ сжижения природного газа, включающий:
а) охлаждение части питающего потока природного газа с образованием охлажденного питающего потока природного газа;
b) объединение охлажденного питающего потока природного газа с сжатым потоком орошения с формированием объединенного потока природного газа;
c) разделение объединенного потока природного газа на первый поток легких фракций и первый поток тяжелых фракций;
d) расширение первого потока легких фракций с формированием расширенного первого потока легких фракций;
e) введение по меньшей мере части первого потока тяжелых фракций и по меньшей мере части расширенного первого потока легких фракций в колонну удаления тяжелых фракций с формированием потока, обедненного тяжелыми фракциями, и потока, обогащенного тяжелыми фракциями;
f) разделение по меньшей мере части потока, обогащенного тяжелыми фракциями, на поток орошения и более тяжелый поток; и
g) сжатие потока орошения в сжатый поток орошения.
2. Способ по п. 1, где стадии (а)-(g) осуществляются в многоступенчатой установке для сжижения природного газа каскадного типа.
3. Способ по п. 1, в котором часть питающего потока природного газа охлаждается с помощью косвенного теплообмена с первым хладагентом.
4. Способ по п. 3, в котором первый хладагент содержит преимущественно пропан или преимущественно пропилен.
5. Способ сжижения природного газа, включающий:
а) охлаждение части питающего потока природного газа с помощью косвенного теплообмена с первым хладагентом с формированием охлажденного питающего потока природного газа;
b) разделение охлажденного питающего потока природного газа на первый поток легких фракций и первый поток тяжелых фракций;
с) расширение первого потока легких фракций с формированием расширенного первого потока легких фракций;
d) разделение расширенного первого потока легких фракций на второй поток легких фракций и второй поток тяжелых фракций;
e) введение по меньшей мере части первого потока тяжелых фракций, по меньшей мере части второго потока легких фракций и по меньшей мере части второго потока тяжелых фракций в колонну удаления тяжелых фракций с формированием потока, обедненного тяжелыми фракциями, и потока, обогащенного тяжелыми фракциями;
f) охлаждение по меньшей мере части потока, обедненного тяжелыми фракциями, с помощью косвенного теплообмена со вторым хладагентом;
g) разделение по меньшей мере части потока, обогащенного тяжелыми фракциями, на поток орошения и более тяжелый поток; и
h) сжатие потока орошения в сжатый поток орошения.
6. Способ по п. 1, в котором стадии (а)-(h) осуществляют в многоступенчатой установке для сжижения природного газа каскадного типа.
7. Способ по п. 5, в котором первый хладагент содержит преимущественно пропан или преимущественно пропилен.
8. Способ по п. 5, в котором второй хладагент содержит
преимущественно этан или преимущественно этилен.
9. Устройство для сжижения природного газа, включающее:
а) первый теплообменник в первом холодильном цикле для охлаждения части потока природного газа с помощью косвенного теплообмена с первым хладагентом;
b) первый сепаратор для разделения первого охлажденного потока природного газа на первый поток легких фракций и первый поток тяжелых фракций;
с) первый детандер для расширения первого потока легких фракций в расширенный первый поток легких фракций;
d) колонну удаления тяжелых фракций, расположенную ниже по потоку от первого теплообменника, причем данная колонна удаления тяжелых фракций разделяет расширенный первый поток легких фракций, первый поток тяжелых фракций и второй охлажденный жидкий поток на первый поток, обедненный тяжелыми фракциями, и первый поток, обогащенный тяжелыми фракциями;
e) разделительную емкость для разделения первого нагретого жидкого потока на второй поток, обедненный тяжелыми фракциями, и второй поток, обогащенный тяжелыми фракциями;
f) второй компрессор для сжатия второго потока, обедненного тяжелыми фракциями, в сжатый второй поток, обедненный тяжелыми фракциями; и
g) второй теплообменник в первом холодильном цикле для охлаждения объединенного потока с помощью косвенного теплообмена с сжатым вторым потоком, обедненным тяжелыми фракциями.
10. Устройство по п. 9, в котором первый хладагент содержит преимущественно пропан или преимущественно пропилен.
11. Устройство по п. 9, в котором второй хладагент содержит преимущественно этан или преимущественно этилен.
12. Устройство по п. 9, в котором по меньшей мере один из первого хладагента и второго хладагента содержит преимущественно пропан, преимущественно пропилен, преимущественно этан, преимущественно этилен, или их смесь.
13. Устройство по п. 9, содержащее по меньшей мере три хладагента, в котором каждый хладагент имеет различный состав.
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