RU2013692C1 - Aerofountain furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: thermal power generating plants. SUBSTANCE: furnace has vertical combustion chamber 1 with combustion stabilizer in its top portion made up of radially extending ribs 3 spaced from the axis and joined together by wall 2, central horizontal disk 4, and plates 5 located between ribs 3 with an inclination to the axis of chamber 1. The plates 5 are grouped into concentric rows to form a grate. Disk 4 is positioned over ribs 3 to bear on top edges 7 of plates 5 of the row closest to the axis of chamber 1. Gas is forced against disk 4 and adjacent plates 5 for suspended fuel particles to change direction into radially descending. As gas is evacuated through spaces between plates 5, the flow is subjected to inertia forces for the fuel particles to be thrown toward wall 1 and enter the descending flow. Disk 4 and ribs 3 are separately expanded as they are heated in the course of operation of the furnace. EFFECT: improved design, enhanced efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of solid fuel combustion and can be used in thermal power plants.

 Air-fired furnaces are known, containing a vertical combustion chamber with a combustion stabilizer in its upper part, made in the form of a swirler with radially mounted blades.

 A disadvantage of the known furnaces is the reduced efficiency of combustion.

 Closest to the technical nature of the claimed aero-fountain firebox is an aero-fountain firebox containing a vertical combustion chamber with a combustion stabilizer in its upper part, consisting of radially mounted with a clearance relative to the axis of the chamber and fastened to the wall of the last ribs, the central horizontal disk and placed between the ribs with an inclination to the axis of the chamber of the plates having horizontally located upper and lower edges and grouped in concentric rows with the formation of a louvre grille.

 However, due to the insufficiently high separating effect of the combustion stabilizer, the furnace works with increased removal of unburnt fuel, which reduces the efficiency of combustion. In addition, the furnace has a reduced operational reliability, which is associated with warping of the elements of the combustion stabilizer as a result of insufficient compensation of thermal expansions of the ribs and disk bonded to each other.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of combustion and operational reliability.

 In an aero-fountain firebox containing a vertical combustion chamber with a combustion stabilizer in its upper part, consisting of radially mounted plates with a horizontal horizontal top mounted between the ribs installed with a gap relative to the chamber axis and fastened to the wall of the last ribs, a central horizontal disk and placed between the ribs with an inclination to the chamber axis and lower edges and grouped in concentric rows with the formation of a louvre lattice, this goal is achieved by the fact that the lower edges of the plates of each row are located from the camera axis at a greater distance than the upper edges of these plates, the ribs are mounted at an angle to the horizon with an upward slope, and the disk is placed on top of the ribs with free support on them and the upper edges of the plates of the row closest to the camera axis.

 In the reviewed sources of information, signs similar to the distinguishing features of the inventive firebox were not found, which gives reason to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

 In FIG. 1 shows an airborne firebox; in FIG. 2 - combustion stabilizer, top view.

 The aero-fountain firebox contains a vertical combustion chamber 1 with a combustion stabilizer in its upper part, consisting of ribs 3 radially mounted with a clearance relative to the axis and fastened to the wall 2 of the chamber 1, the central horizontal disk 4 and placed between the ribs 3 with an angle to the axis of the chamber 1 45-60 ° trapezoidal plates 5, grouped in concentric rows with the formation of a louvre grille. Ribs 3 are installed at an angle of 15-30 ° to the horizon with an inclination up. The lower horizontal edges 6 of the plates 5 of each row are located from the axis of the chamber 1 at a greater distance than the upper horizontal edges 7 of these plates. The disk 4 is placed on top of the ribs 3 with free support on them and the upper edges 7 of the plates 5 of the row closest to the axis of the chamber 1. To prevent the possibility of deposits of ash particles on the disk 4, it is enclosed in a conical fairing 8. The chamber 1 is equipped with an exhaust pipe 9 and an ignition chamber 11 connected to it from below through the accelerating transport section 10, which has fuel, air and cold nozzles 12, 13, 14 inert material.

 Aero fountain firebox works as follows.

 The solid fuel heated to the ignition temperature through the pipe 12 is fed through the pipe 12 and air is supplied through the pipe 13. The largest fuel particles, the speed of which is greater than the speed of the transporting medium, accumulate in the chamber 11, where they ignite and wear in the gushing layer. As large fuel fractions burn out, crush and abrade, they, together with small fuel fractions, are removed from the chamber 11 and enter the accelerating and transport section 10. In section 10, the smallest fuel particles burn out completely, and medium and large particles continue to burn, gaining speed necessary for stable gushing in chamber 1. The aerostructure of chamber 1 is characterized by the presence of a central ascending core of the fountain and peripheral lowering flows. Hitting the disk 4 and the adjacent plates 5 of the row closest to the axis of the chamber 1, the gas and fuel particles change direction to the radial-lowering direction. Since gas evacuation through the louvre lattice formed by the plates 5 occurs with a change in direction when flowing around the lower edges of the 6 plates, the fuel particles suspended in the gas under the action of inertial forces are thrown to the wall 2 of the chamber 1 and fall into the zone of lowering movement. There is a repeated circulation of particles in the volume of the chamber 1, during which the fuel burns out.

 Placing the disk 4 on top of the ribs 3 with free support on them and the upper edges 7 of the plates 5 of the row closest to the axis of the chamber 1 makes it possible to independently expand the disk 4 and ribs 3 when they are heated during operation of the furnace.

 Compared to the prototype firebox, the proposed aero-fountain firebox allows to increase combustion efficiency by creating an aerostructure in the volume of the combustion chamber that facilitates the involvement of fuel particles in multiple circulation, as well as increase operational reliability by providing independent expansion of the disk and fins when they are heated during operation of the firebox.

Claims (1)

 AEROFONTANEOUS HEATER containing a vertical combustion chamber, in the upper part of which there is a combustion stabilizer made of a horizontal disk, radial ribs installed with a gap relative to the axis of the chamber and fastened to its wall, as well as inclined plates located between the ribs with horizontal lower and upper edges, grouped in concentric rows with the formation of a louvre grille, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of combustion and operational reliability, ribs and plates are mounted obliquely from the walls of the furnace to the axis of the chamber, and the disk is mounted with free support on the ribs and upper edges of the plates of the first row from the axis of the chamber.

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