RU201246U1 - Underwater bottom cleaning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

An underwater vehicle designed to clean the bottom from sediments of silt, sand and other types of soil, including a casing with brushes and a slurry pump located inside it, while the brushes have independent drives and are used to move the underwater vehicle along the bottom of the reservoir. Also, any of the brushes can consist of two parts, equipped with independent drives that can rotate in opposite directions. Due to this, the simplicity of the design of the underwater vehicle is achieved, as well as the ease of maneuvering it while cleaning the bottom from deposits of sand, silt and other bottom sediments in a way that excludes damage to gabions during work.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for cleaning the bottom from sediments of silt, sand and other types of soil.

During the operation of harbors, port and hydraulic structures, sand and silty sediments accumulate at the bottom of the reservoir. At the same time, to ensure the maintenance of the required depths at the approaches to ports and in canals, a large amount of dredging work is required. Such operations are often complicated by the high loading of the water area, therefore carrying out full-scale dredging operations can be difficult and burdensome from an economic point of view.

Also, the bottom of the water areas can be strengthened with gabions (geodetic mattresses). For example, for the deep-water port of Sabetta in Yamal, which allows gas tankers with a draft of more than 12 meters to enter the port. After strengthening the bottom with the help of gabions, constant monitoring of their condition is required, while cleaning the bottom from sediments in difficult arctic conditions and permafrost is carried out with the involvement of divers in order to avoid damaging the gabion net by dredging equipment. Therefore, such works are very expensive and, as practice shows, are ineffective.

Known devices for cleaning the bottom from sediment, which have certain restrictions on their use.

For example, there is a known dumping tool designed for cleaning the bottom and slopes of lined canals, described in the invention of the USSR by A.S. No. 284717, IPC E02F2, publ. 10/14/1970, which includes a soil intake body with a suction pipe, a pump and a device for working movements, while the suction tip of the soil intake body is made with rollers, and brushes are mounted inside the soil intake body, and the tip is connected to the pump by a flexible suction pipeline, and the device for working movements of the soil intake body is equipped with consoles, one end of which is hinged on the dredger body, and the other has rollers moving along the channel slopes.

Moreover, the known design has the disadvantage that such a suction dredger is highly specialized and can be used exclusively for cleaning the bottom and slopes of lined channels.

Also known is a device for the intake and removal of plastic, silt-like substances deposited on the bottom of the reservoir, described in the patent for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2672695, IPC E02F3 / 88, publ. 05/16/2018, which was chosen as a prototype.

According to the description of this invention, the controlled floating body is equipped with at least one pump / compressor and at least one hydraulic unit, as well as at least one power generating unit and is connected via pipelines on one side to the reclaim platform, or to the settling basin, or to the transported reservoir on the shore, and on the other hand - with the suction module, which independently moves along the ground of the reservoir using a special caterpillar chassis, through a cable is connected to the echo sounder sensor and / or GPS receiver located floating on the surface of the reservoir above the suction module, between the tracked belts of the caterpillar running gear, and / or in front of them, and / or behind them has a freely swinging one-, two-, or multi-link swing arm, which independently adjusts to the bottom of the reservoir, and also has a swing arm located between the swing arm (s) ( -ami) sealing plate and cylindrical brush, wherein the cylindrical brush is guided in a suction bell in which the cutting mechanism is located, and the suction bell has at least one flange / suction port for at least one suction hose. In this design, the pumps are located next to the hydraulic and pneumatic units on the control unit on a floating body controlled by an external board, for example, on a catamaran, which collects the suction hoses coming out of the suction module after the pumps into a bundle by means of a flat hose, which is glued for the purpose of surfacing or otherwise connected to another hose filled with compressed air in order to easily lead the hose line to the surface of the reservoir. Also, the pumps can be located near or in the suction bell. In this case, they can be connected to a reclaim platform, to a settling basin or to a transportable tank.

The known device systematically collects the soil of the reservoir and independently moves on a caterpillar track. At the same time, the use of a caterpillar running gear for its movement on the ground complicates the design of the entire device, which inevitably entails its expensive maintenance, and also reduces its operational reliability. In addition, it is impossible to use the known device for cleaning the bottom, reinforced with gabions, since the tracks of its running gear will tear the metal mesh.

The claimed utility model solves the technical problem of complexity, unreliability and insufficient maneuverability of the known devices for cleaning the bottom from sediments.

The technical result achieved with the claimed utility model is to simplify the design, as well as to ensure the ease of its maneuvering while cleaning the bottom from deposits of sand, silt and other bottom sediments in a simple and relatively inexpensive way, excluding damage to gabions during work.

The specified technical result is achieved through the use of an underwater apparatus for cleaning the bottom, including a casing with equipment placed on it: two or more brushes, driven by independent drives (hydraulic or electric motors), and a slurry pump, also equipped with a drive mechanism (hydraulic or electric motor). Also, to ensure the operation of the drives of the brushes and the slurry pump, the underwater vehicle is connected using cables and hoses, respectively, to a hydraulic station and an electric current generator located on the supply vessel, which also houses a reservoir for collecting soil sediments, connected by a slurry pipeline with a snail slurry pump.

During the operation of the underwater vehicle, the brushes rotate in opposite directions and due to the fact that the vectors of the forces arising during their rotation are mutually compensated, this ensures a static position of the underwater vehicle at the bottom of the reservoir.

If it is necessary to perform the translational movement of the underwater vehicle along the bottom of the reservoir, the brushes rotate in one direction, and in this case they act as wheels. The translational movement of the underwater vehicle can also be ensured by the fact that the rotation speeds of the brushes can differ from each other, in this case the balance of forces caused by their rotation will be disrupted and the underwater vehicle will also move progressively along the bottom of the reservoir, while not stopping its work.

To ensure rotation of the underwater vehicle around the central axis in the left or right direction, at least one of the brushes can be made of two parts, each of which can be rotated independently by means of an independent drive. Due to this, in the case of rotation of one part of the brush in a direction different from the direction of rotation of its second part, a torque arises, and the underwater vehicle rotates around its central axis.

Thus, a significant difference between the claimed design and the known analogs is that the brushes, the main purpose of which is to collect soil deposits, are also used to move the underwater vehicle along the bottom of the reservoir due to the presence of their independent drives and the ability to control the direction and speed of their rotation.

The claimed design of the device for cleaning the bottom from sediments, as well as the scheme of its operation are illustrated by images:

in fig. 1 shows a general view of the underwater vehicle;

in fig. 2 shows a diagram of the rotation of the brushes of the underwater vehicle in the operating mode of cleaning the bottom;

in fig. 3 shows a diagram of the rotation of the brushes of the underwater vehicle, which ensures its movement along the bottom of the reservoir;

in fig. 4 shows a diagram of the rotation of the brushes of the underwater vehicle during its rotation.

The underwater apparatus for cleaning the bottom (Fig. 1) contains a casing 1 in which brushes 2 and 3 are installed, each of which is connected to its own independent drive mechanism 4, as well as a slurry pump 5, which is connected to its drive mechanism 6.

When the underwater vehicle is operating (Fig. 2) in the bottom cleaning mode, brushes 2 and 3 rotate towards each other, moving the captured soil from bottom to top in the direction of the intake of the slurry pump 5, forming its water suspension, which through the slurry pipe connected to the slurry pump 5 further is sent to the soil collection tank located on the support vessel. In this case, since the vectors of forces arising during the rotation of brushes 2 and 3 are directed in opposite directions and are mutually compensated, this ensures a static position of the underwater vehicle at the bottom of the reservoir during its operation.

If it is necessary to perform a translational movement of the underwater vehicle along the bottom (Fig. 3), brushes 2 and 3 rotate in the same direction, thus they act as wheels. It is also possible to rotate brushes 2 and 3 at different speeds, which will lead to an imbalance of forces, and in this case, the underwater vehicle will also move progressively along the bottom of the reservoir without stopping its work.

To ensure rotation of the underwater vehicle around its central axis (Fig. 4) in the left or right direction, at least one of the brushes 2 or 3 is made of two parts, equipped with independent drives that can rotate in different directions. In this case, when rotating parts of the brushes 2.1. and 2.2 and / or 3.1 and 3.2 in different directions, the total balance of forces of the underwater vehicle will be violated, a torque will arise and the underwater vehicle will rotate in the desired direction.

Thus, by ensuring the rotation of brushes 2 and 3 in the same direction, the possibility of independent change of their speeds, as well as the possibility of rotation of the independent parts of the brushes 2.1 and 2.2 and / or 3.1. and 3.2 in different directions, the ease of maneuvering of the underwater vehicle at the bottom of the reservoir is achieved.

Due to the simplicity of the design, the underwater vehicle is capable of operating on soils of various categories and is able to overcome obstacles of various types, such as stones, driftwood, irregularities and drops in the bottom level at the joints of gabions due to the springy effect of the bristles of the brushes, while not damaging the metal mesh of the gabions.

The tests carried out in the water area of the seaport of St. Petersburg showed that the claimed design has the following advantages:

1. High productivity: during the operation of the underwater vehicle when it was moving along the bottom with a design speed of about 0.5 m / s, depth and width of the processed strip 0.05 m and 2.4 m, respectively, its productivity was 216 m ³ / h ;

2. High permeability of the underwater vehicle due to the springy effect of bristles when using brushes with a diameter of up to 1100 mm;

3. Ability to perform work at depths from 1 to 30 m;

4. Ability to clean gabion fields in the case of using polypropylene bristles, which does not damage the relatively fragile metal mesh of gabions;

5. There is no need for expensive diving support of work;

6. Provides design variability for applications on soils of various categories due to:

a. Application of bristles of various thicknesses;

b. Application of bristles made of various materials.

Claims (2)

1. An underwater vehicle for cleaning the bottom, including a casing with brushes and a slurry pump located inside it, characterized in that the brushes have independent drives and are used to move the underwater vehicle along the bottom of the reservoir. 2. An underwater apparatus for cleaning the bottom of claim. 1, characterized in that at least one of the brushes consists of two parts, equipped with independent drives that can rotate in opposite directions.

Images