RU2010510C1 - Hive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: hive has housing with inner sizes of 530*530*700. Housing has pan with anti-mite reticular insert with three bee-entrances: slit-shaped bee- entrance adjacent to bottom and extending along the whole width of hive with height of 15 mm, round autumn bee-entrance with diameter of 25 mm, round spring bee-entrance with diameter of 25 mm. Hive has roof hinged to housing and having height of 180 mm. Hive may incorporate up to fourteen honeycomb containers with sizes of 510*525 mm. Large space above brood chamber covered by roof allows, when required, frames to be positioned so that box honey may be obtained or nucleuses to be mounted on frame having sizes of 125*125 mm. Hive is provided with large-volume frame brood nest within the range of 40*40*40 cm. Honeycomb field of containers has square shape with the sizes of 40*40 cm and is composed of small-sized frames. Space under frames has enlarged size of at least 25 mm. Hive has two additional bee-entrances for warm and cold periods of flight. These bee-entrances are provided with revolving doors and air channels. EFFECT: provision for free development of bees during active period of life in spring and in summer and reliable wintering. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to beekeeping.

 The use in the forest zone of Russia of widespread single-hull 12 and 14-frame hives (frame size 455x300 mm) with store extensions on the half-frame does not exclude the death of bee colonies in winter and a significant shortfall in bee production in summer. The lack of known hives (see Nuzhdin A. S., Taranov G. F. et al. A beekeeping textbook - M., Kolos, 1984; Avetisyan G. A. Beekeeping - M., Kolos, 1982) lies in the fact that a brood nest in the presence of a large amount of honey and beef within the hull, as well as poor-quality land is sometimes limited, which hinders the development of the family from spring. As a result, family productivity decreases, bees swarm more often.

 Expansion of the nest with store extensions, as well as multihull hives, sharply expands the volume of the nest in spring during normal return cold and often the family is not able to provide a stable temperature in the nest, which leads to brood death and restrain the growth of the family. In summer, when placing stores on a brood nest, the uterus does not always rise in them to lay eggs, especially the uterus of the common gray mountain of the Caucasian breed. We have to lure the bees to the upper cells, raising frames from the brood from the nesting part of the hive. This forces beekeepers to engage in unproductive work; family growth energy is again not fully utilized.

 In composite multi-storey (multi-hull) hives, with the presence of several tens of frames and half-frames, the work of the uterus is adversely complicated. Finding the cells ready for egg laying in the maze of wooden frames and air corridors, the uterus travels up to 250 m per day with its own “growth” of only 2 cm. At the same time, it loses up to 600 testicles per day and wears out quickly, which leads to a decrease medical productivity (see Taranov G. F. Industrial technology for the production and processing of bee products. M., Agropromizdat 1987 p. 55).

 Due to the small volume of the hive, the number of technological operations is growing. The work of the beekeeper becomes less productive. At the end of summer, shops filled with honey are removed. And if the beekeeper does not have enough sugar to feed, or if it rains August-September, the bees left for the winter in the nesting housing are left without food, which means they will die or be doomed to be hopeless in the next season.

 The purpose of the invention is to create a hive that provides free development of bees in the active period of spring and summer, as well as a stable wintering. For this, the volume of the hive is increased, the frame is made in the form of a honeycomb container.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed hive in the context; in FIG. 2 - a cellular container; in FIG. 3 - flywheel.

 The beehive consists of a hull (1) with internal dimensions of 530x530x700, with a permanent pallet 2 with an anti-mite mesh insert 3, with three holes: a bottom slit 4 15 mm high for the entire width of the hive, round autumn 5 ⌀ = 25 mm, round spring 6 warm drift ⌀ = 25 mm, roof 7 height 180 mm, which is attached to the hinges 8, roof top flat square 600x600 mm, ventilation windows 9 20x250 mm are made on both sides of the roof trim boards, tightened with a fine metal mesh, which are covered with wooden planks 10 25х10х330 mm, freely rotating and screws and II are both stops when fixing the roof in the raised position.

 The beehive is used with an insert board 12 of size 520x655 mm, on the edges of which seals from food rubber 13 are nailed to protect the nest from the rest of the hive. The autumn and spring letki are partially or completely covered by the flywheels 14, which are shown in FIG. 3. The crevice bottom notch is usually covered by two wooden planks 15, sliding in metal guides 16.

 The hive houses up to 14 honeycomb containers 17 measuring 510 x 525 mm. A large nesting space, covered by a roof with a harness, allows you to place frames to obtain sectional honey or cores on a 125x125 mm frame if necessary.

 The honeycomb container (see Fig. 2) has an external dimension of 510x525 mm, consists of a lower wooden bar 18, an upper 19, two side bars 20. Four frames 21 are placed in the honeycomb container, with external dimensions 250x250 mm, assembled from strips 22. On FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the tension of wire 23 separately for each frame. For nucleus farming, frames of 125x125 mm in size are used, which are also inserted into a honeycomb container.

 Autumn 5th and spring 6th years are closed by summer turnstiles (see Fig. 3). The pinwheel 14 is made of a board 20 mm thick, attached to the wall of the hive 24 using a screw 25. Thanks to the cut out part of the tree, an air corridor 26 for bees 8 mm wide remains between the wall of the hive and the pinwheel. Summer 27 remains in the depths of the corridor and reliably covers the nest from direct rays of light, wind and birds. At the same time, the release of bees to the wild is ensured all year round.

 Cell containers are inserted into the large frame socket pos. 28, upon filling which a set of cellular containers forms a cubic volume within 40x40x40 cm or more.

 The hive is designed for 14 frames (honeycomb containers) for keeping a bee family weighing up to 8 kg of bees and for placing more than 100 kg of honey. The size of the honeycomb field of the container is 500x500 mm.

 The frame space should be more than 25 mm. The most acceptable is a frame space of 60 mm, since starting from this height of the air column, mixing of the layers begins.

 In autumn, bees in vivo gather in a club near the letchka and hang under the honeycombs. To satisfy this biological instinct, the subframe is brought up to 145 mm. In addition to this day of natural wintering of bees in the nest, a “hollow effect” is required, that is, such a placement of the bee club on the combs, when there is a high frame space and a large layer of air above the club. The internal height of the hive (excluding the pallet) is 70 cm, and the diameter of the club, as usual, is 25 cm, that is, the club in the hive is well ventilated with one minimally open notch. Warm moist air from the club rises to the insulated ceiling and then settles along the walls to the bottom of the hive. Excess carbon dioxide easily leaves through the tree of walls, water vapor is scattered in the area of the notch, the air is enriched with oxygen from the outside and again rises into the club and permeates it. The biological requirements of the family, excess carbon dioxide and minimal heat loss are fully implemented.

 In autumn, the bees gather in a club near round notch 5, which is located in the middle of the front wall, and when the nest is reduced to 7 frames of honeycomb containers, it appears in the corner of the nesting space. The slotted tray completely closes at the end of August. In the middle of winter, the autumn letok 5 completely closes, and the spring round letok 6 opens and the nest of bees is transferred to a warm drift. Until mid-June, bees are kept that way. Families kept on a warm skid, before the main honey collection, raise brood 17.7% more than families with a cold skid. Accordingly, more honey is collected, on average by 25.4%.

 In the middle of June, on fine days with intense summer of bees, the holes open to cold drift, the autumn letok - completely, and the bottom bottom slit - according to the strength of the family. Bees, having gained access to the shortest way to the combs, during a good bribe period quickly get used to (in 2-3 days) new summer trees, and spring summer 6 gradually closes completely. (56) Taranov G.F. Industrial technology for the production and processing of bee products, M., Agropromizdat, 1987, p. 55.

Claims (1)

Beehive, comprising a case with a tap hole and honeycombs and their holders installed in it, an anti-mite pan with an anti-mite mesh insert installed under the body with the formation of a frame space 25 mm or more high, characterized in that each honeycomb holder is made in the form of a container having longitudinal section of a square shape with an area of the working plane of 1600 cm ² or more, with square frames placed in it, in which the honeycombs are fixed, while the containers are installed in the housing with the formation of a nested ubic volume is 64,000 cm ³ or more, and the casing has an additional notch made on an adjacent to the main wall, and cage barriers mounted on the casing with the formation of air corridors between each cage and the corresponding wall of the casing.

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