RU200907U1 - DEVICE FOR COOLING STORED COAL AT HEAT POWER PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to power engineering and can be used mainly in gas-fired thermal power plants with coal as a reserve fuel, as well as in boiler houses in the industry and transport. The technical result of the claimed utility model consists in cooling the stored coal at thermal power plants, which does not require forced supply of external energy, while simultaneously saving energy costs for preheating the fuel gas. To achieve this result, a device is proposed containing pipes placed in the thickness of the coal through which the refrigerant flows, while the pipes located in the thickness of the coal at the inlet are connected to at least one collector connected through valves to the fuel gas pipeline and the inlet air duct, and at the outlet, pipes placed in the thickness of the coal are connected to at least one outlet manifold connected through valves to the gas pipeline to the inlet to the nozzles of the gas boiler and to the ascending section - the chimney. 1 ill.

Description

Technology area

The utility model relates to power engineering and can be used primarily at thermal power plants (TPPs) and combined heat and power plants (CHPPs), as well as in boiler houses of the industry and transport that run on gas and have coal as a backup fuel.

State of the art.

A known method of creating a temperature-dependent carbon film shell, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2595344, in which a liquid phase is applied to the surface of the coal, which is used as "sodium water glass".

The disadvantage of this method: the need for the specified substance for processing coal and the cost of the very procedure for applying it to the surface.

There is a known method for preventing the occurrence of endogenous fires, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2573493, in which the surface of the coal is pretreated with a sticky liquid, and then microcapsules are sprayed under pressure from a non-heat-resistant and water-insoluble material.

The disadvantage of this method: the need for two technological stages and when working in the open air dependence on weather conditions.

A known method of forming a coal pile, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2161115, in which coal is laid in layers through layers of porous ice, and the thickness of the upper layer of coal is taken equal to the depth of maximum seasonal thawing in this area.

The disadvantage of this method: a strong dependence on the ambient temperature, which greatly limits the application of the method to climatic zones.

Known device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal and its method of operation, described in the PRC patent No. 204324146, which is taken as a prototype, as the closest in essence to the claimed technical solution. The device includes ventilation pipes placed in a coal pile and connected at the inlet to a common manifold and a water pump.

A known method for cooling a coal pile includes supplying a coolant to ventilation pipes.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of using the heat of self-heating coal for preheating the fuel gas.

The disadvantage of the known device is the presence of a pump for forced circulation of the refrigerant, as a result of which the device cannot operate without the forced supply of external energy.

Disclosure of a utility model

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the prevention of spontaneous combustion of coal stored at thermal power plants with the simultaneous saving of energy costs for cooling coal and for preheating fuel gas.

The technical result of the claimed utility model consists in cooling the stored coal at thermal power plants, which does not require forced supply of external energy, while simultaneously saving energy costs for preheating the fuel gas.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is achieved by the fact that it contains pipes placed in the thickness of the coal through which the refrigerant flows, while the pipes located in the thickness of the coal at the inlet are connected to at least one collector connected through valves to the fuel gas pipeline and the inlet air duct , and at the outlet, pipes placed in the thickness of the coal are connected to at least one outlet manifold connected through valves to the gas pipeline to the inlet to the gas boiler nozzles and to the ascending section - the chimney.

The combination of the above essential features leads to the following: there is a cooling of the stored coal at thermal power plants, which does not require a forced supply of external energy, while simultaneously saving energy costs for preheating the fuel gas.

Brief description of the circuit

FIG. A diagram of the device is presented, where the numbers indicate:

1 - stored coal;

2 - ventilation pipes;

3 - inlet manifold;

4 - gas pipeline;

5 - gate valve;

6 - inlet air duct;

7 - gate valve;

8 - output collector;

9 - valve;

10 - gas pipeline to injectors;

11 - gate valve;

12 - outlet air duct.

Implementation of the utility model

Below is an example of a specific implementation of the device, which does not limit the options for its implementation.

In coal, stored for a long time in the warehouses of thermal power plants and thermal power plants, it self-heating occurs, dangerous by transition to spontaneous combustion. One of the ways to prevent spontaneous combustion of coal is to remove the self-heating heat from the coal strata. For TPPs and CHPPs in which gas is the main fuel, the fuel gas must be preheated before being fed to the nozzles in order to achieve a temperature corresponding to the optimal calorific value. Thus, on the one hand, the heat must be removed from the strata of the stored coal, and on the other hand, it is advisable to use this heat for preheating the gas.

To solve this technical problem, a device is proposed for cooling the stored coal at thermal power plants, in which the main fuel is gas, and the reserve fuel is coal, which allows the supply of refrigerant to pipes placed in the coal mass, while depending on the conditions, either fuel gas or atmospheric air.

The proposed device according to FIG. contains ventilation pipes 2 located in the stored coal 1 (coal storage at thermal power plants and thermal power plants) uniformly over its volume and connected to the inlet manifold 3 and to the outlet manifold 8. The inlet manifold 3 is connected to the gas pipeline 4 through the valve 5. Outlet manifold 8 is connected through the valve 9 to the gas pipeline to the nozzles 10 of the thermal power plant. The inlet air duct 6 is connected to the inlet manifold 3 through the valve 7. The outlet air duct 12 is connected to the outlet manifold 8 through the valve 11. The outlet air duct 12 is connected to a vertical or inclined pipe section (not shown in the drawing) - an exhaust pipe (not shown in the drawings). Due to the difference in barometric pressure in the chimney and the difference in the densities of the heated and atmospheric air, due to which the Archimedean force appears, self-draft occurs.

Depending on the size of the coal pile and conditions, it is possible to use the device with multiple inlet and outlet collectors.

Implementation examples

The device, the diagram of which is shown in FIG. works as follows. When a thermal power plant is running on gas, valves 7 and 11 are closed, valves 5 and 9 are open, fuel gas from gas pipeline 4 through valve 5 enters inlet manifold 3 and further into ventilation pipes 2. Through the walls (not shown in the diagram) of ventilation pipes 2, heat, emitted in the stored coal 1, heats up the fuel gas. The heated fuel gas enters the outlet manifold 8 and then through the valve 9 enters the pipeline to the nozzles 10 of the gas boiler (not shown in the diagram). Preheating the fuel gas with the heat of the stored coal 1 ensures optimal combustion conditions and at the same time excludes spontaneous combustion of the stored coal 1 during its long-term storage. In the case when the power plant does not operate on gas, valves 5 and 9 are closed, valves 7 and 11 are open. Air is circulated through the ventilation pipes due to gravity, which removes the heat released in the stored coal 1.

Claims (1)

A device for cooling stored coal at thermal power plants, including pipes placed in the thickness of the coal, through which the refrigerant flows, characterized in that the pipes placed in the thickness of the coal at the inlet are connected to at least one collector connected through valves to the fuel gas pipeline and the inlet air duct, and at the outlet, the pipes located in the thickness of the coal are connected to at least one outlet manifold connected through the valves to the gas pipeline to the inlet to the gas boiler nozzles and to the ascending section - the chimney.

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