RU2005113825A - METHOD OF PLASMA THERMAL PROCESSING OF ORGANIC FUEL AND INSTALLATION FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION - Google Patents

METHOD OF PLASMA THERMAL PROCESSING OF ORGANIC FUEL AND INSTALLATION FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION Download PDF

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RU2005113825A
RU2005113825A RU2005113825/04A RU2005113825A RU2005113825A RU 2005113825 A RU2005113825 A RU 2005113825A RU 2005113825/04 A RU2005113825/04 A RU 2005113825/04A RU 2005113825 A RU2005113825 A RU 2005113825A RU 2005113825 A RU2005113825 A RU 2005113825A
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Prior art keywords
plasma
gasifier
slag
synthesis gas
organic fuel
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RU2005113825/04A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2294354C2 (en
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Анатолий Тимофеевич Неклеса (UA)
Анатолий Тимофеевич Неклеса
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Анатолий Тимофеевич Неклеса (UA)
Анатолий Тимофеевич Неклеса
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/26—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
    • F02C3/28—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/123—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves
    • C10J2300/1238—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves by plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1621—Compression of synthesis gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (2)

1. Способ плазмотермической переработки органического топлива, включающий газификацию органического топлива одновременно с процессом высокотемпературного пиролиза в присутствии реагента, который впрыскивают в реакционную зону с помощью плазменных источников, охлаждение и очистку от примесей полученного синтез-газа, отличающийся тем, что газификацию исходного сырья в каждом газификаторе производят поочередно в потоке плазмы таким образом, что после окончания окислительного режима в первом газификаторе, отключают в нем плазменную струю, и режим окисления производят во втором газификаторе, при этом цикличность проведения режимов повторяют до достижения высоты жидкого шлака в одном из газификаторов, которая определяется по зависимости1. The method of plasma-thermal processing of organic fuel, including the gasification of organic fuel simultaneously with the process of high-temperature pyrolysis in the presence of a reagent that is injected into the reaction zone using plasma sources, cooling and purification of impurities of the obtained synthesis gas, characterized in that the gasification of the feedstock in each the gasifier is produced alternately in the plasma stream so that after the end of the oxidation regime in the first gasifier, the plasma rue, and the oxidation mode is carried out in the second gasifier, while the cycles are repeated until the height of liquid slag in one of the gasifiers is reached, which is determined by the dependence
Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001
 где Δ - высота жидкого шлака;where Δ is the height of the liquid slag; GП - расход плазмообразующего газа, кг/с;G P - the consumption of plasma-forming gas, kg / s; ρП - плотность плазмы, кг/м;ρ P - plasma density, kg / m; ρРАСП - плотность расплава, кг/м3;ρ RASP - melt density, kg / m 3 ; dС - диаметр выходного сопла плазмотрона, м;d C is the diameter of the output nozzle of the plasma torch, m; g - ускорение свободного падения, м/с2;g is the acceleration of gravity, m / s 2 ; π=3,14,π = 3.14, затем производят продувку жидкого шлака восстановительной плазменной струей и, после слива металла и шлака в одном газификаторе, повторно загружают его исходным сырьем, и цикл повторяют, при этом в качестве одного из плазмообразующих компонентов используют воду.Then, liquid slag is purged with a reducing plasma jet and, after the metal and slag are drained in one gasifier, re-charged with feedstock and the cycle is repeated, using water as one of the plasma-forming components. 2. Установка для плазмотермической переработки органического топлива, содержащая футерованный газификатор, связанный в верхней части с узлами подачи топлива, плазмотроны, камеру сгорания, шлакосборник, расположенный в нижней части газификатора, систему очистки синтез-газа, связанную с газификаторами, теплообменник, газовую и паровую турбины с электрогенераторами, котел-утилизатор, отличающаяся тем, что установка снабжена дополнительным газификатором и ресивером-циклоном, связанными между собой в верхней части трубопроводом для транспортирования синтез-газа, ресивер-циклон в нижней части соединен наклонными пылепроводами с газификаторами, а плазмотроны установлены по обе стороны от плоскости разделительной перегородки газификатора и шлакосборника, соответственно в стенке каждого газификатора и шлакосборника оппозитно друг другу, причем в шлакосборниках выполнены летки для слива металлической лигатуры в изложницы и обедненного шлакового расплава в гранулятор, а ресивер-циклон, трубопроводом подачи синтез-газа, соединен с газоохладительным теплообменником, один трубопровод которого соединен с паровой турбиной, а второй - через систему горячей очистки и керамический фильтр, связан с камерой сгорания газовой турбины, соединенной с котлом-утилизатором, при этом дополнительный выход керамического фильтра связан через блок автоматической подачи синтез-газа, блок дополнительной очистки и блок компримирования синтез-газа с плазмотронами.2. Installation for plasma-thermal processing of organic fuel, containing a lined gasifier connected in the upper part with fuel supply units, plasmatrons, a combustion chamber, a slag collector located in the lower part of the gasifier, a synthesis gas purification system associated with gasifiers, a heat exchanger, gas and steam turbines with electric generators, a waste heat boiler, characterized in that the installation is equipped with an additional gasifier and a cyclone receiver, interconnected in the upper part by a pipeline for trans to synthesize the synthesis gas, the cyclone receiver in the lower part is connected by inclined dust conduits with gasifiers, and the plasma torches are installed on both sides of the plane of the separator wall of the gasifier and slag collector, respectively, in the wall of each gasifier and slag collector opposite each other, and metal slots are made in the slag collectors ligatures in the molds and depleted slag melt into the granulator, and the cyclone receiver, by the synthesis gas supply pipe, is connected to the gas-cooling heat exchanger, one the pipeline is connected to a steam turbine, and the second through a hot cleaning system and a ceramic filter, connected to a combustion chamber of a gas turbine connected to a recovery boiler, while the additional output of the ceramic filter is connected through an automatic synthesis gas supply unit, an additional cleaning unit, and synthesis gas compression unit with plasmatrons.
RU2005113825/04A 2005-01-17 2005-05-05 Method of plasma thermal processing of organic fuel and plant for realization of this method RU2294354C2 (en)

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UAA200500409A UA81120C2 (en) 2005-01-17 2005-01-17 Method for plasma thermal coal reprocessing and unit for realizing the same

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CN101773870B (en) * 2010-01-22 2013-04-10 浙江大学 Deashing method of coal plasma pyrolysis solid product
DE102010045537A1 (en) * 2010-09-15 2012-03-15 Uhde Gmbh Process for the production of synthesis gas
RU2458860C1 (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-08-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ТехЭкоПлазма" (ООО "ТехЭкоПлазма") Method of decontaminating spent activated carbon to obtain calorific fuel
CN105524659A (en) * 2016-01-29 2016-04-27 江苏中科重工股份有限公司 Environment-friendly biomass gasification power generation system
CN107488470B (en) * 2017-09-19 2023-12-08 南京师范大学 Gasifier and method for liquid slag discharge of plasma
CN108758707B (en) * 2018-08-11 2023-12-22 刘冠诚 Plasma heating furnace
RU2705131C1 (en) * 2019-02-19 2019-11-05 Сангок Ли Method for gasification of solid fuel using mechanical and plasma action and device for its implementation
RU2741004C1 (en) * 2020-04-24 2021-01-22 Леонид Григорьевич Кузнецов Complex for processing solid organic wastes
CN117897236A (en) 2023-07-20 2024-04-16 米凯·亚历山大维奇·米山尼诺夫 Reactor for a device for treating waste
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DD270315C2 (en) * 1988-03-28 1990-10-24 Leipzig Chemieanlagen METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS OPERATION OF PLASMAPYROLYSIS ACTUATORS WITH HEAVY CARBON FUELS AND COAL
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