RU2002906C1 - Percussion drill for making holes in ground - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: An impact device for producing wells in the soil comprises a hollow body, an impactor an air distribution mechanism, an air supply pipe and a shock absorber. The shock absorber is made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve made of elastic material with exhaust channels. The sleeve is made with a groove and a bore that respectively form the outer and inner annular protrusions4 at the ends of the sleeve. The sleeve is installed with the lateral surfaces of its outer and inner annular protrusions interacting with the housing and the air supply general branch pipe. 1 PLN, 6 ill.

Description

The invention relates to construction equipment, is intended for drilling wells in the ground during trenchless laying of underground utilities and can be used to drive core elements into the ground.

A pneumatic reversible impact device is known, comprising a hollow body with a striker installed in its cavity with the possibility of longitudinal movement, an air distribution mechanism mounted on the rear end of the body, an air inlet pipe connected to the body by means of an elastic element. This element is simultaneously made there are two functions; it fixes the nozzle in one of two possible positions (forward or reverse) and serves to a certain extent as a shock absorber, which prevents the passage of the voltage wave from the housing to the nozzle, which arises from the shock pulse.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the axial spacing of the shock absorber mounting location on the housing and on the air supply pipe, which leads to a reduction in the contact length of the shock absorber with the housing. This leads to a decrease in reliability due to a decrease in the durability of the shock absorber and a deterioration in the mutual self-centering of the nozzle and the hammer.

A pneumatic impact device for forming wells in the soil is known, comprising a housing in the rear of which a flange is mounted, a shock located in the housing with the possibility of reciprocating movement, a nozzle with an axial channel and screw cutting, forming a chamber of variable volume and fixed in the flange by a shock-absorbing elastic coupling with air passage channels, while between the elastic coupling and the nozzle there is a screw screw with end protrusions, interacting E in the extreme positions of the stop sleeve.

The disadvantage is the low reliability due to the low durability of the shock absorber and the difficult self-alignment of the pipe and impactor.

The purpose of the invention is to increase operational reliability by increasing the durability of the shock absorber and improving the mutual self-centering of the nozzle and hammer.

This is achieved due to the fact that the sleeve is made with a groove, which forms on the outer side surface of one

from its ends an outer annular protrusion, and with a bore that forms on the inner side surface of the other end of the sleeve an inner annular protrusion,

this sleeve is installed with the possibility of interactions with the lateral surfaces of its outer and inner annular openings, respectively, with the body and the air supply pipe, and the total length of the outer and inner annular protrusions along the longitudinal axis of the device is less than the length of the sleeve along the same axis. This embodiment of the device reduces

the stiffness of the shock absorber in the radial direction, while maintaining its rigidity in the axial direction /

 It is advisable to arrange the longitudinal axis of each exhaust channel at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the device. This embodiment increases the durability of the shock absorber, since the length of the channels is reduced, the exhaust resistance is reduced, and it is possible to reduce the cross-section of the channels.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 - section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - section BB

in FIG. 1; in FIG. 4 - exhaust channels made in the shock absorber at an angle to the axis of the device; in FIG. 5 - the same, made in a nut; in FIG. 6 - the same, made in the air supply pipe.

The device comprises a housing 1, a striker 2, an air supply pipe 3, an anvil 4, a shock absorber 5, a nut and a pipe. In the front part of the device between the housing 1 and the drummer 2, a reverse chamber 8 is formed, in the rear part of the device between the drummer 2 and the nozzle 3 there is a forward chamber 9, and between the housing 1 and the drummer 2 there is an exhaust chamber 10. In the drummer 2, a longitudinal 11 and transverse 12 channels. On the outer surface of the greater stage of the striker 2, longitudinal grooves 13 are made limited by the edge 14. The inner cylindrical surface of the housing 1 is made

stepped and has a front 15 and rear 1b distribution edges. A gap 17 is provided between the nut b and the shock absorber 5, and a gap 18 is provided between the nozzle 3 and the shock absorber 5. The exhaust channels 19 are made in the shock absorber 5.

The device operates as follows.

Compressed air through the pipe 7 through the pipe 3 and the chamber 9 through the channels 11 and 12 is supplied to the chamber 8. Due to the difference in area, the firing pin 2 begins to move to the rear position.

First, the channel 12 is closed by the edge 15. The supply of compressed air to the chamber 8 is stopped, and the compressed air expands. Then, the edge 14 passes through the edge 16 and the camera 8 communicates along the groove 13 with the camera 10 and through the channels 19 with the atmosphere. There is an exhaust of compressed air from the chamber 8 into the atmosphere. Under the influence of the pressure difference in the chambers 8 and 9, the hammer 2 makes a direct stroke and strikes the anvil 4. In the forward position of the hammer 2, the chamber 8 again communicates with a source of compressed air. The cycle repeats.

During operation of the device, the shock absorber 5 isolates the pipe 3 from the action of a direct shock wave. In addition, the depreciation rate is

Claims (2)

1. IMPACT DEVICE FOR FORMING WELLS IN THE SOIL, including a hollow body installed in the internal cavity of the body with the possibility of longitudinal movement. an impactor, an air distribution mechanism mounted on the rear end of the housing, an air supply pipe and a shock absorber installed between the body and the air supply pipe in the form of a cylindrical sleeve made of elastic material with exhaust channels, characterized in that the sleeve is made with a groove that forms on the outer side surface one of its ends is an outer annular protrusion, and with a bore The torus 5 provides a mutual samo-center of the striker 2 and the nozzle 3 during the movement of the striker 2 in the housing 1. The shock absorber 5 is subjected to large axial shock naipyaki, causing tension - compression of the shock absorber 5. In addition, relatively small radial loads act on the shock absorber 5, allowing to reduce the radial stiffness of the shock absorber 5. The design of the shock absorber 5 provides the perception of large axial forces due to its large axial stiffness and small radial forces due to its low radial stiffness. (56) 1. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 652279. cl. E 02 F 5/18, 1975 2. USSR author's certificate No. 607901, cl. E 02 F 5/18, 1976. which forms an inner annular protrusion on the inner side surface of the other end of the sleeve, wherein with the sleeve installed with the possibility of interaction with the lateral surfaces of its outer and inner annular protrusions, respectively, with the housing and with the air inlet pipe, and 0 the total length of the outer and inner annular protrusions along the longitudinal axis of the device is less than the length of the sleeve along the same axis. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in 5 in that the longitudinal axis of each exhaust channel is at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the device. 5 0 f 4 Fig 2  S No. &   V 1 5 in - „/ : ry W SJSSSSEЈSSSSa Fig.Z j 2 3 5 e / ii / i itililiU / i FIG. 4 /. . b, 5 s is , A “LA ../ L.Ј figure 5 Fig 6.