RU2002113350A - The method of extraction and processing of oily waste and the disposal of sludge pits - Google Patents

Claims (8)

1. The method of extraction and processing of oily waste and the elimination of sludge pits, including the use of perforated pipes, a washing water solution of chemicals, hydrocarbon solvent, mixing tanks, mechanical filters, hydrocyclones, two-phase and three-phase centrifugal separators, characterized in that of sludge pits, with a period of the presence of oily waste in them for more than 10 years, they pump out the settled aqueous phase and repeatedly use it to prepare a diluting aqueous solution chemicals 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a thinner highly viscous, pasty and dense oily waste using an aqueous solution containing 1.0 vol.% Liquid glass and 0.1 vol.% Reagent for oil extraction RDN-0, representing a 25 wt.% solution of a nonionic surfactant in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that for the extraction of oily waste, the sludge barn, from the location of the oil sludge processing plant, is divided into a number of insulated cells by width by installing vertical partitions impermeable to liquefied oil sludge. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the insulated cell for liquefying and extracting oily waste from it, a device is placed, which is a product commensurate with the size of the area of the insulated cell, made of horizontally arranged perforated pipes interconnected in two circuits so that between the pipes through which the diluting aqueous solution is injected, pipes are located at a distance of two diameters, through which the liquefied oily waste is pumped. 5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the liquefied oily waste, before separation of the solid phase from them, is intensively mixed with a hydrocarbon solvent, for example gasoline, the volume of which (V _yp ), in m ³ , is determined by the formula

where V _{n / a} - the volume of liquefied oily waste coming into mixing with a hydrocarbon solvent, m ³ ; a - oil content in liquefied waste, vol.%; d _{n / p} , d _{y / p} , d _{u / f} - respectively, the density of the oil product contained in the liquefied waste, the density of the hydrocarbon solvent and the density of the hydrocarbon phase (similar to marketable oil) at the outlet of the oil sludge processing unit, kg / m ³ . 6. The method according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the isolated cells, after extraction of oily waste from them, are used to dispose of the solid phase extracted from the sludge, pre-mixing it 1: 1 by volume with a material having high sorption properties, for example , waste from the cement industry, dolomite flour, sand, clay, followed by compaction in the cell of this mixture. 7. The method according to PP.2-6, characterized in that the procedure for processing oily waste in isolated cells is repeated until the end of the row along the width of the barn, after which the longitudinal vertical partitions are removed and used when breaking down the sludge barn along the width of the next row of cells and so on until all oil-containing wastes are liquefied, recovered, and processed, after which a fertile layer of soil is applied to the compacted surface of the sorption material within 0.2-0.5 m, followed by sowing with perennial grasses. 8. The method according to claims 1-6, characterized in that the monitoring of the state of environmental pollution before and after liquidation of the sludge pit is carried out by periodically taking groundwater samples from observation wells and analyzing them for the content of oil products and other harmful impurities.