CN113443797A - Pretreatment system and pretreatment method for oil-containing sludge - Google Patents
Pretreatment system and pretreatment method for oil-containing sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN113443797A CN113443797A CN202010223075.1A CN202010223075A CN113443797A CN 113443797 A CN113443797 A CN 113443797A CN 202010223075 A CN202010223075 A CN 202010223075A CN 113443797 A CN113443797 A CN 113443797A
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 290
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 267
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 126
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
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- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pretreatment system and a pretreatment method for oily sludge, which comprise an oily sludge pretreatment device and a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator. The pretreatment system and the pretreatment method for the oily sludge have the advantages of less used equipment, safe and reliable equipment, convenient operation, small occupied area and proper running load, can realize the on-site rapid pretreatment and reduction of a large amount of oily sludge generated in the construction operation of oil wells with high oil content, high water content and high solid content in dispersed blocks and the ground production process, and simultaneously solve the environmental protection problem and the penalty problem caused by the pollution of the on-site discharge of the oily sludge; the pretreatment system is convenient to transport, all equipment is combined and integrated, can be moved in a skid-mounted mode, is assembled on site, and meets the requirement that sludge pretreatment construction operation is carried out in an oil field at any time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, in particular to a pretreatment system and a pretreatment method of oily sludge, wherein the oily sludge is generated in the oil field development and production processes.
Background
A large amount of oily sludge, such as sludge produced by a sewage treatment system, oil tank bottom sludge, sludge formed after oil leaked from various pipeline equipment pollutes soil, drilling mud, fracturing produced sludge and the like, can be produced in the oil field development operation and ground production processes.
If the sludge and oil tank bottom sludge generated by the sewage treatment system are not cleaned in time, the treatment efficiency and the treatment effect of the equipment are reduced, and the running load of the equipment is increased. For example, if sludge generated in the oil-water settling separation equipment in the sewage treatment system and bottom sludge of the oil tank are not cleaned in time, on one hand, the space for oil-water settling separation in the treatment equipment is reduced; on the other hand, the sludge and the oil tank bottom mud are in 'dead circulation' in a sewage treatment system, and the effluent quality and the oil-water settling separation effect are influenced.
Sludge and oil tank bottom sludge cleaned from a sewage treatment system, soil polluted by leaked oil, drilling mud and fracturing produced sludge, wherein the oil content is up to more than 30%, and if the sludge and the oil tank bottom sludge are directly discharged, the environment is polluted and ecological damage is caused.
In recent years, the oil field produces oil-containing sludge with the yield of about 15.7 multiplied by 10 per year4m3And the production amount is also increasing year by year. Moreover, with the large-scale implementation of various chemical oil-flooding technologies, various treatment tanks in the treatment process of oilfield produced liquid can also generate a large amount of oily sludge, and the components of the oily sludge are complex, so that great difficulty is brought to the treatment of the oily sludge.
At present, the oily sludge mostly adopts a pretreatment process of 'fluidization pretreatment, tempering and centrifugation', namely: the method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out primary screening on the oily sludge according to the particle size by a fluidization pretreatment device (mainly comprising a feeding station, a drum type sorting device, an aeration sand setting treatment device, a spiral conveying device and a full-automatic PLC control device), then further cleaning, homogenizing, heating and tempering the fluidized sludge after fluidization pretreatment by an oily sludge tempering device (mainly comprising a tempering tank, a sludge lifting pump, a stirrer and the like), and finally carrying out solid-liquid separation on the sludge by a centrifugal treatment unit. And (4) conveying the pretreated sludge to a sludge incineration treatment station for subsequent incineration or pyrolysis. However, the fluidization pretreatment and tempering processes at the front end of the pretreatment process use more equipment, the occupied area of the equipment is large, the operation load is low, and three phases of oil, water and sludge cannot be thoroughly separated, so that the standard reaching rate of the pretreated sludge is unstable.
In recent years, due to environmental pollution caused by oily sludge, the oily sludge generated in oil fields is listed as environmental hazardous waste in the national hazardous waste catalogue, and the national clean production promotion law requires harmless treatment of the oily sludge. However, the oil-containing sludge pretreated by the existing treatment system and process exceeds the standard sometimes, and the oil-containing sludge is polluted during incineration, so that the requirements of national environmental standards are difficult to meet, which means that production enterprises face the pressure of paying huge pollution discharge fees and environmental penalties.
Therefore, the development of a set of pretreatment system and pretreatment method capable of performing resource and harmless treatment on oil-containing sludge in an oil field and the guarantee of stable standard reaching rate of the finally treated sludge are important problems to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects in the prior art, and provides a pretreatment system for oily sludge in a first aspect, so as to effectively reduce the oil content in the oily sludge. The pretreatment system of the oily sludge comprises
An oily sludge pretreatment apparatus (1) for preliminarily separating oil, water and sludge from oily sludge, and
a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator (6) for dehydrating the sludge obtained by the preliminary separation,
the oily sludge pretreatment device is communicated with the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator in sequence according to the inlet and outlet directions of sludge phases;
oily sludge pretreatment device is a hollow jar of body (15), is equipped with:
an oily sludge inlet (16) for introducing oily sludge to be treated into the pretreatment device,
a first dosing port (22) for dosing the demulsifier and the cleaning agent provided by the first dosing device,
a dissolved air water port (21) for introducing dissolved air water provided by the pressure dissolved air water tank,
a dissolved gas releaser (23) arranged in the middle part in the tank body, wherein the oily sludge inlet (16), the dissolved gas water gap (21) and the first medicine adding port (22) are communicated with the tank body through the dissolved gas releaser (23), an
And a first sludge outlet (19) for discharging primarily separated sludge, which is arranged at the bottom of the tank body and communicated with the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator.
The dissolved air releaser comprises a plurality of round pipes which are arranged in parallel, holes are uniformly distributed on the round pipes, one end of each round pipe is communicated with the oily sludge inlet (16), the dissolved air water gap (21) and the first medicine adding port (22), and the other end of each round pipe is closed;
the gas dissolving water port and the first medicine adding port are both arranged in the oily sludge inlet so as to mix gas dissolving water generated by the pressure gas dissolving water tank, a demulsifier and a cleaning agent stored by the first medicine adding device with oily sludge, and then the mixture enters the gas dissolving releaser and is guided into the tank body through the hole of the circular tube.
The bottom in the tank body is provided with a stirrer.
The jar body still is equipped with:
a first water outlet (20) for discharging the water phase after the preliminary separation, and a first dirty oil outlet (18) for discharging the oil phase after the preliminary separation;
an oil receiving groove (17) is formed in the upper portion of one side of the tank body, an oil inlet of the oil receiving groove is located in the top of the interior of the tank body, and a first dirty oil outlet is located in the lower portion of the oil receiving groove; the other side in the tank body is provided with a baffle (25) which is vertically connected with the top of the tank body and extends towards the bottom of the tank body, the baffle extends to the middle lower part of the tank body, and the first water outlet is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the tank body close to the baffle side.
A sludge recovery tank (11) is also arranged between the first sludge outlet (19) and the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator, and the oily sludge pretreatment device, the sludge recovery tank and the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator are sequentially connected according to the inlet and outlet directions of sludge phases; preferably, the sludge recovery tank is connected with a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator through a second lifting pump (13);
the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator is provided with a mud phase inlet, a second water outlet and a second mud outlet, the mud phase inlet is connected with the mud outlet of the mud recovery tank, and the second mud outlet of the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator is communicated with a subsequent mud treatment station.
The device also comprises a three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator (2) for further separating oil, water and mud from the sewage obtained by preliminary separation and dehydration or the sump oil obtained by preliminary separation;
a first water outlet (20) of the oily sludge pretreatment device and a second water outlet of the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator are both communicated with a liquid inlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator, and a first dirty oil outlet (18) of the oily sludge pretreatment device is communicated with a liquid inlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator.
The first dirty oil outlet (18) is connected with the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator through a first lifting pump (3);
a first sewage recovery tank (4) is also arranged between a first water outlet (20) of the oily sludge pretreatment device and the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator, and the oily sludge pretreatment device, the first sewage recovery tank and the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator are sequentially connected according to the water phase inlet and outlet directions;
a first sump oil outlet (18) of the oily sludge pretreatment device is provided with a sump oil control valve, and a water outlet of the first sewage recovery tank is provided with a sewage control valve for respectively controlling sump oil and sewage entering the three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator, so that the first sump oil outlet and the water outlet are not communicated with the three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator at the same time;
optionally, the first sewage recovery tank is connected with the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator through the first lift pump.
The three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator is provided with a liquid inlet, a third water outlet, a third sludge outlet and a second dirty oil outlet, the liquid inlet is respectively connected with a first dirty oil outlet (18) of the oily sludge pretreatment device and a water outlet of the first sewage recovery tank, and the liquid inlet is not communicated with the first dirty oil outlet and the water outlet at the same time, the third water outlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator is connected with the second sewage recovery tank (14), the third sludge outlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator is communicated with a subsequent sludge treatment station, and the second dirty oil outlet is connected with a dirty oil recovery tank (5);
preferably, a water outlet pipe of the second sewage recovery tank (14) and a gas outlet pipe of an air compressor (8) are connected in parallel, a third lift pump (12) is connected with the pressure dissolved air water tank (5) and communicated, and the second sewage recovery tank, the third lift pump, the pressure dissolved air water tank and the oily sludge pretreatment device are sequentially connected in the water phase inlet and outlet direction; the second sewage recovery tank is also provided with a main sewage outlet which is communicated with a subsequent sewage treatment station;
optionally, the dirty oil recovery tank (5) is provided with a dirty oil inlet connected with a second dirty oil outlet of the three-phase horizontal spiral dirty oil centrifugal separator, and is further provided with a second dosing port connected with a second dosing device for dosing a dirty oil treatment agent into the dirty oil recovery tank, and a total dirty oil outlet communicated with a subsequent dirty oil treatment station.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a pretreatment method of oily sludge, which comprises the steps of using the pretreatment system, firstly using an oily sludge pretreatment device to carry out oil-water-sludge three-phase primary separation on the oily sludge to be treated, then using a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator to carry out sludge-water two-phase dehydration separation on the sludge subjected to the primary separation, and discharging the sludge subjected to the dehydration separation to a subsequent sludge treatment station;
optionally, further separating oil, water and sludge of the primarily separated sump oil and the primarily separated and dewatered and separated sewage respectively by using a three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator, and discharging the further separated sludge to a subsequent sludge treatment station;
further optionally, mixing part of sewage obtained by the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator with compressed air to form gas-dissolved water, conveying the gas-dissolved water back to the oily sludge pretreatment device, and discharging the rest part to a subsequent sewage treatment station;
and further optionally, discharging the sump oil obtained by the three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator to a subsequent sump oil treatment station.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge to be treated, dissolved air water provided by a pressure dissolved air water tank, a demulsifier and a cleaning agent provided by a first chemical adding device at an oil-containing sludge inlet of an oil-containing sludge pretreatment device, then introducing the mixture into the oil-containing sludge pretreatment device for primary separation, standing and layering, discharging dirty oil from a first dirty oil outlet at the top, discharging sludge from a first sludge outlet at the bottom after settling, and discharging sewage from a first water outlet at the top;
(2) discharging the sludge obtained by the preliminary separation in the step (1) into a sludge recovery tank, introducing the sludge into a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator through a second lifting pump for dehydration separation, discharging the dehydrated sludge to a subsequent sludge treatment station, and feeding the dehydrated sewage into a first sewage recovery tank;
(3) discharging the sewage obtained by the separation in the step (1) into a first sewage recovery tank, combining the sewage obtained by the separation in the step (1) and the sewage obtained by the dehydration in the step (2) in the first sewage recovery tank, closing a sewage control valve, and introducing the combined sewage into a three-phase horizontal screw sewage oil centrifugal separator by using a first lifting pump to further separate oil, water and mud phases; or,
closing a sewage control valve, and introducing the sump oil obtained by separation in the step (1) into a three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator by using a first lifting pump to further separate oil, water and mud; when sewage and dirty oil are not simultaneously led into a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator for separation;
(4) discharging the sludge obtained by further separation in the step (3) to a subsequent sludge treatment station, conveying the separated dirty oil to the subsequent dirty oil treatment station after the separated dirty oil enters a dirty oil recovery tank, and conveying the separated sewage to a second sewage recovery tank;
preferably, the step (5) is added, and a part of sewage in the second sewage recovery tank and compressed air in the air compressor are led into the pressure dissolved air water tank together through a third lift pump to be mixed to form dissolved air water, and the dissolved air water is fed back to the oily sludge pretreatment device; and discharging the residual sewage to a subsequent sewage treatment station.
The invention provides a pretreatment system and a pretreatment method for oily sludge, wherein the pretreatment system comprises movable skid-mounted equipment such as an oily sludge pretreatment device, a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator, a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator and the like, the used equipment is few, each equipment is safe and reliable, the operation is convenient, the occupied area is small, the operation load is proper, the on-site rapid pretreatment and reduction of a large amount of oily sludge generated in the construction operation of an oil well with high oil content, high water content and high solid content in a dispersion block and the ground production process can be realized, and the environmental protection problem and the penalty problem caused by the pollution of the on-site discharge of the oily sludge are solved; the pretreatment system is convenient to transport, each device can be skid-mounted to move and assembled on site, and the requirement of sludge pretreatment construction operation in an oil field can be met at any time.
The pretreatment system can obviously improve the cleaning effect of the oily sludge, enhance the oil collecting function of the front-end equipment of the pretreatment system and greatly reduce the load of subsequent sludge treatment. The water content of the sludge treated by the pretreatment system is less than or equal to 60 percent, the oil content is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the sludge meets the requirement of the import standard of sludge pyrolysis or incineration treatment (DB 23/T1413-2010 of oil-containing sludge comprehensive utilization pollution control Standard of oil field of Heilongjiang province). The treated sludge is convenient to transport due to the fact that the water and oil content reaches the standard, the problems of environmental pollution, transportation permission and the like caused in the oil-containing sludge hauling process are solved, the subsequent harmless treatment is facilitated, a centralized treatment station with high investment can be omitted, the production cost is reduced, the application prospect is good, and considerable economic benefit and social benefit can be brought.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pretreatment system for oily sludge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram illustrating a method for pretreating oily sludge according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an oily sludge pretreatment device in the pretreatment system according to the present invention;
reference numerals:
the device comprises an oily sludge pretreatment device (1), a tank body (15), an oily sludge inlet (16), a first dosing device (10), a first dosing port (22), a dissolved air water gap (21), a dissolved air releaser (23), a first sludge outlet (19), a stirrer (24), a baffle (25), a first water outlet (20), an oil receiving groove (17) and a first dirty oil outlet (18);
a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator (6), a sludge recovery tank (11) and a second lift pump (13);
the device comprises a three-phase horizontal spiral dirty oil centrifugal separator (2), a first dirty oil recovery tank (4), a first lift pump (3), a second dirty oil recovery tank (14), an air compressor (8), a third lift pump (12) and a pressure dissolved water tank (9);
a dirty oil recovery tank (5); a second medicine adding device (7).
Detailed Description
The invention provides a pretreatment system aiming at the problems of large yield, immature treatment system and the like of the existing oily sludge, which comprises main treatment equipment such as an oily sludge pretreatment device, a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator, a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator, a sewage recovery tank, a sludge recovery tank, a dosing device, an air compressor, a pressure dissolved water tank, a lift pump and the like, and auxiliary matched equipment such as a metering device, a valve and the like, thereby forming a set of skid-mounted movable oily sludge pretreatment system and meeting the requirements of oil field production.
The working principle of the pretreatment system and the pretreatment method of the invention is as follows: firstly, carrying out fluidization, cleaning and sedimentation of oil, water and sludge three phases which mainly adopt 'air flotation oil removal and are assisted by cleaning and sedimentation' on oily sludge by using a pretreatment device, and removing a large amount of dirty oil in the oily sludge to obtain dirty oil, sewage and sludge; the sludge treated by the pretreatment device is further dewatered by a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator to obtain sewage and sludge, the treated sludge meets the conditions that the water content is less than or equal to 60 percent and the oil content is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the sludge can be directly transported out for incineration treatment; the sewage treated by the pretreatment device and the sewage treated by the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator are combined and then are further subjected to oil, water and mud three-phase separation (secondary separation) by a three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator, the sump oil treated by the pretreatment device can also be further subjected to oil, water and mud three-phase separation by a three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator (the sewage and the sump oil are not simultaneously separated by the three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator), and the sump oil, the sewage and the sludge are obtained through separation. Recovering and then treating the sump oil after the secondary separation; one part of the sewage after the secondary separation is used as dissolved gas water of air flotation and returns to the pretreatment device, and the other part is recycled and then treated; the mud phase after the secondary separation meets the conditions that the water content is less than or equal to 60 percent and the oil content is less than or equal to 10 percent, and can be transported to a sludge incineration disposal station for incineration; so as to finish the pretreatment of the oily sludge.
The present invention will be described more specifically and further illustrated with reference to specific examples, which are by no means intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The pretreatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention is structurally shown in figure 1 and comprises main treatment equipment such as an oily sludge pretreatment device 1, a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2, a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator 6, a dosing device 10 and the like. Except for the oily sludge pretreatment device 1, all the equipment adopts the existing commercial products, such as a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator which is purchased from Suzhou Yongnaite machinery manufacturing limited company and has the model number of LW 550; the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator was purchased from Yonaite mechanical manufacturing, Suzhou, under model number LW 380. Wherein,
the oily sludge pretreatment device 1 is used for removing water and oil in oily sludge, and is provided with an oily sludge inlet 16, a first medicine adding port 22, a gas dissolving water port 21, a first water outlet 20, a first sludge outlet 19 and a first dirty oil outlet 18. The oily sludge inlet 16 is used to introduce the oily sludge to be treated into the pretreatment system. The first dosing port 22 is used for adding a demulsifier and a cleaning agent, wherein the demulsifier is selected from block polyether demulsifiers (the adding amount is 200mg/L), and the cleaning agent is selected from sulfonate surfactants (the adding amount is 1000mg/L) and is connected with the first dosing device 10. The dissolved gas water gap 21 is connected with a pressure dissolved gas water tank 9 and provides the dissolved gas mixed return water for the oily sludge pretreatment device 1. The first water outlet 20 is connected with the first sewage recovery tank 4, and the sewage which is treated by the oily sludge pretreatment device 1 and is removed of the dirty oil and the sludge is discharged to the first sewage recovery tank 4 through the first water outlet 20. The first sludge outlet 19 is connected with the sludge recovery tank 11, and the sludge which is treated by the oily sludge pretreatment device 1 and is removed with dirty oil and sewage is discharged to the sludge recovery tank 11 through the first sludge outlet 19. The first dirty oil outlet 18 is used for discharging dirty oil obtained by separating oily sludge into the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2, the first dirty oil outlet 18 is connected with the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2, and a first lifting pump 3 is arranged between the first dirty oil outlet 18 and the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2 and used for guiding dirty oil obtained by processing of the oily sludge pretreatment device 1 into the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2.
The oily sludge pretreatment device 1 in the pretreatment system of this embodiment has a cylindrical hollow tank body 15, as shown in fig. 3. An oil receiving tank 17 is arranged at the upper part of one side of the tank body 15, an oil inlet of the oil receiving tank 17 is positioned at the top in the tank body, the oil receiving tank 17 is connected with a first dirty oil outlet 18 arranged at the upper part of the tank body, and the first dirty oil outlet 18 is connected with a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2 through a first lifting pump 3. The inside of the another side of the tank body 15 is provided with a baffle 25, the baffle 25 is connected with the top of the tank body 15 and is parallel to the side wall of the tank body 15, the baffle extends to the middle lower part in the tank body 15 towards the bottom of the tank body 15, the baffle 25 is used for dividing the inside of the tank body 15 into two spaces of large and small parts, so that the oil floating to the surface and the water in the lower layer are separated, the upper part of the smaller space formed by the baffle 25 and the tank body 15 is provided with a first water outlet 20, and the first water outlet 20 is arranged on the side wall of the tank body 15 in the smaller space and is connected with a first sewage recovery tank 4. The bottom of the tank body 15 is provided with a first sludge outlet 19 which discharges the settled and separated sludge and is connected with the sludge recovery tank 11.
The middle part of one side of the tank body 15 is provided with an oily sludge inlet 16, a gas dissolving water gap 21 and a first medicine adding opening 22, and the gas dissolving water gap 21 and the first medicine adding opening 22 are both arranged in the oily sludge inlet 16. The dissolved air water port 21 and the first chemical feeding port 22 are respectively connected with the dissolved air water outlet of the pressure dissolved air water tank 9 and the chemical outlet of the first chemical feeding device 10, and the dissolved air water generated by the pressure dissolved air water tank 9, the demulsifier and the cleaning agent stored in the first chemical feeding device 10 and the oily sludge are guided into the tank body 15 together. Be equipped with dissolved gas releaser 23 in the jar body 15, dissolved gas releaser 23 establishes at the middle part, for a plurality of pipes that arrange side by side, evenly distributed hole on the pipe, and one end is linked together with the end of oily sludge import 16, and the other end seals, promptly: the oil-containing sludge, the dissolved air water, the demulsifier and the cleaning agent are introduced into the dissolved air releaser 23 in the tank body 15 through the oil-containing sludge inlet 16 and are released into the tank body 15 through the holes of the dissolved air releaser 23.
In the jar body 15, the oily sludge mixes with the dissolved air water for on the oil droplet in the oily sludge adheres to the microbubble of dissolving the air water, exert the gas flotation effect to oily sludge, the demulsifier will wrap up oil, water, mud together and separate, and then the cleaner washs the oil in the mud phase to water phase, promptly: the oily sludge, the dissolved air water and the demulsifier are mixed and pass through the holes of the dissolved air releaser 23 to enter the tank body 15 together, micro bubbles in the dissolved air water are released and float up due to pressure reduction, oil droplets attached to a carrier belt float up together in the micro bubbles floating process, the oil droplets coalesce and gradually increase in particle size to form oil droplets until floating oil is formed and float on the surface of the water phase of the tank body, when the liquid level reaches the top of the tank body, dirty oil overflows into an oil receiving tank and is discharged through a first dirty oil outlet 18 communicated with the oil receiving tank (enters a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2 for secondary separation), and separation of an oil phase is realized; heavy sludge in the oily sludge is released by the dissolved gas releaser 23, then settles to the lower part of the tank body 15 due to gravity, and is discharged from a first sludge outlet 19 at the bottom (enters the sludge recovery tank 11), so that the separation of sludge phase is realized; after standing still in the tank body, the water released by the dissolved gas releaser 23 flows into the tank body space between the baffle and the first water outlet 20 under the action of the baffle, and then the oily sewage containing fine particle impurities is discharged (enters the sewage recovery tank 4) through the first water outlet 20 on the tank body 15, so that the separation of the water phase is realized.
The tank body 15 is also internally provided with a stirrer 24, and a stirring paddle of the stirrer 24 is arranged at the bottom of the tank body 15, so that sludge settled at the bottom of the tank body 15 can be conveniently discharged out of the tank body 15. The agitator 24 is used when the tank 15 needs to discharge sludge.
The two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator 6 in the pretreatment system of this embodiment is used for further solid-liquid two-phase separation of the sludge treated by the oily sludge pretreatment device 1, and is provided with a sludge phase inlet, a second water outlet and a second sludge outlet. The mud phase inlet is connected with the mud outlet of the mud recovery tank 11 through a second lift pump 13 and is used for guiding the mud obtained by the oily mud pretreatment device 1 into a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator 6 for dehydration treatment. A second water outlet of the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator 6 is connected with the first sewage recovery tank 4, and the separated sewage is gathered to the first sewage recovery tank 4; and a second sludge outlet of the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator 6 is used for discharging the dewatered sludge, the dewatered sludge meets the conditions that the water content is less than or equal to 60 percent and the oil content is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the sludge can be transported to a subsequent incineration treatment station for centralized sludge treatment to be incinerated and harmlessly treated.
The water outlet of the first sewage recovery tank 4 is connected with the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2 through the first lifting pump 3.
The three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2 in the pretreatment system of the embodiment can be respectively used for further separating oil, water and sludge from dirty oil treated by the oily sludge pretreatment device 1 and sewage in the first sewage recovery tank 4, so that the number of equipment can be saved, and meanwhile, the occupied area is saved; is provided with a liquid inlet, a third water outlet, a third sludge outlet and a dirty oil outlet. The inlet links to each other through the delivery port of first elevator pump 3 and first sewage recovery case 4 and the first sump oil export 18 of oily sludge pretreatment device 1, be used for leading-in three-phase spiral shell sump oil centrifuge 2 of sump oil that obtains with the processing of oily sludge pretreatment device 1 and the sewage in the first sewage recovery case 4, the inlet can not let in sump oil and sewage simultaneously, because the sewage volume is great than the sump oil volume, consequently use to let in sewage during the operation as leading to, treat that the sump oil volume is more, stop to let in sewage, let in the sump oil and handle, after the sump oil is handled, stop to let in the sump oil, let in sewage and handle, so circulation, promptly: two kinds of dirt are treated by using one device. The third water outlet is connected with the second sewage recovery tank 14, and sewage from which sump oil and sludge are removed, which is treated by the three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator 2, is discharged to the second sewage recovery tank 14 through the third water outlet. The third sludge outlet is used for discharging the separated sludge, the water content of the sludge is less than or equal to 60 percent, the oil content is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the sludge can be transported to a subsequent incineration disposal station for centralized sludge treatment for incineration innocent treatment. The dirty oil outlet is connected with the dirty oil recovery box 5 and used for collecting dirty oil obtained by separation, a second chemical adding port is formed in the dirty oil recovery box 5 and connected with a second chemical adding device 7 and used for adding a dirty oil treating agent into the dirty oil recovery box 5, and if sodium hypochlorite (the adding amount is 30mg/L), dirty oil in the dirty oil recovery box 5 is subsequently collected to a treatment station for centralized treatment.
A liquid inlet of the second sewage recovery tank 14 is connected with a third water outlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator 2, and sewage entering the second sewage recovery tank 14 is further collected to a treatment station for centralized treatment. For reasonable utilization of resources, sewage can be used in a backflow way: the water outlet pipe of the second sewage recovery tank 14 and the air outlet pipe of the air compressor 8 are connected in parallel and connected into a third lift pump (12) to be communicated with the pressure dissolved air water tank (9), and after the sewage of the second sewage recovery tank 14 is mixed with the gas generated by the air compressor 8, dissolved air mixed backflow water is formed and guided into the pressure dissolved air water tank 9. The pressure dissolved gas water tank 9 is also provided with a dissolved gas water outlet which is connected with a dissolved gas water port of the oily sludge pretreatment device 1 and provides dissolved gas mixed reflux water for the oily sludge pretreatment device 1.
In the oily sludge pretreatment system of the embodiment, the oily sludge pretreatment device is used for carrying out oil, water and sludge three-phase fluidization and sedimentation separation pretreatment on oily sludge to be treated, the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator is used for carrying out oil, water and sludge three-phase separation on pretreated sewage and dirty oil respectively, and the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator is used for dehydrating the pretreated sludge. After the oily sludge is treated by the pretreatment system, the moisture content of the sludge can be ensured to reach the index of less than or equal to 60 percent and the oil content of less than or equal to 10 percent, and the oily sludge can reach the index of less than or equal to 0.3 percent required in the oil field oily sludge comprehensive utilization pollution control Standard DB 23/T1413-2010 of Heilongjiang province through subsequent centralized pyrolysis or incineration treatment and then is treated as agricultural sludge.
On the basis, the invention also provides a pretreatment method of the oily sludge, the process flow schematic diagram of which is shown in figure 2, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the oily sludge to be treated, the dissolved air water provided by the pressure dissolved air water tank 9, the demulsifier and the cleaning agent provided by the first chemical adding device 10 are mixed at an oily sludge inlet and then enter the oily sludge pretreatment device 1, oil droplets in the oily sludge are combined with micro-bubbles in the dissolved air water, are attached to the micro-bubbles and float upwards to the upper half part of the tank body of the oily sludge pretreatment device 1 together with the micro-bubbles to form floating oil (oil phase) and are discharged from a first dirty oil outlet at the top, and dirty oil is separated; the mud phase is discharged from a first mud outlet at the bottom after being settled, and the mud is separated; the water phase is discharged from a first water outlet at the top; in order to accelerate the separation of oil, water and mud, a dissolved gas releaser is used to fully mix micro bubbles, a demulsifier and a cleaning agent in the dissolved gas water with the oily sludge.
(2) Discharging the sludge obtained in the step (1) into a sludge recovery tank 11, introducing the sludge into a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator 6 through a second lifting pump 13 for dehydration, discharging the dehydrated sludge through a second sludge outlet, and conveying the sludge to a subsequent incineration treatment station for centralized treatment to be incinerated or pyrolyzed, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is less than or equal to 60% and the oil content of the dehydrated sludge is less than or equal to 10%; the dehydrated sewage enters the first sewage recovery tank 4 through the second water outlet.
(3) And (2) discharging the sewage obtained in the step (1) into a first sewage recovery tank 4, and enabling the sewage in the first sewage recovery tank 4 to enter a three-phase horizontal spiral sump oil centrifugal separator 2 through a first lifting pump 3.
(4) The sump oil obtained in the step (1) enters a three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator 2 through a first lifting pump 3 to further separate oil, water and mud; the separated sludge is discharged through a third sludge outlet and then is conveyed to an incineration treatment station for subsequent centralized treatment to be incinerated or pyrolyzed, the separated sump oil enters a sump oil recovery tank 5 through a sump oil outlet, and the separated sewage enters a second sewage recovery tank through a third water outlet;
further, the dirty oil collected by the dirty oil recovery tank 5 is mixed with the sulfide remover provided by the second chemical adding device 7 and then is transported to a subsequent dirty oil treatment unit for centralized treatment.
(5) Guiding part of the sewage collected in the second sewage recovery tank and compressed air in an air compressor 8 into a pressure dissolved air water tank 9 through a third lift pump 12 to form dissolved air water, and enabling the dissolved air water to flow back to the oily sludge pretreatment device 1 as air flotation dissolved air water; the other part is transported to a subsequent sewage treatment unit for centralized treatment.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the content of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pretreatment system for oil-containing sludge, characterized by comprising:
an oily sludge pretreatment apparatus (1) for preliminarily separating oil, water and sludge from oily sludge, and
a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator (6) for dehydrating the sludge obtained by the preliminary separation,
the oily sludge pretreatment device is communicated with the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator in sequence according to the inlet and outlet directions of sludge phases;
oily sludge pretreatment device is a hollow jar of body (15), is equipped with:
an oily sludge inlet (16) for introducing oily sludge to be treated into the pretreatment device,
a first dosing port (22) for dosing the demulsifier and the cleaning agent provided by the first dosing device,
a dissolved air water port (21) for introducing dissolved air water provided by the pressure dissolved air water tank,
a dissolved gas releaser (23) arranged in the middle part in the tank body, wherein the oily sludge inlet (16), the dissolved gas water gap (21) and the first medicine adding port (22) are communicated with the tank body through the dissolved gas releaser (23), an
And a first sludge outlet (19) for discharging primarily separated sludge, which is arranged at the bottom of the tank body and communicated with the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator.
2. The pretreatment system of claim 1, wherein the dissolved air releaser comprises a plurality of circular tubes arranged in parallel, holes are uniformly distributed on the circular tubes, one end of each circular tube is communicated with the oily sludge inlet (16), the dissolved air water gap (21) and the first dosing port (22), and the other end of each circular tube is closed;
the dissolved air water gap and the first medicine adding port are both arranged in the oily sludge inlet, so that dissolved air water generated by the pressure dissolved air water tank, a demulsifier and a cleaning agent stored by the first medicine adding device (10) are mixed with oily sludge to enter the dissolved air releaser together and are led into the tank body through the holes of the circular tube.
3. Pretreatment system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tank is provided with a stirrer (24) at its inner bottom.
4. A pretreatment system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the tank is further provided with:
a first water outlet (20) for discharging the water phase after the preliminary separation, and a first dirty oil outlet (18) for discharging the oil phase after the preliminary separation;
an oil receiving groove (17) is formed in the upper portion of one side of the tank body, an oil inlet of the oil receiving groove is located in the top of the interior of the tank body, and a first dirty oil outlet is located in the lower portion of the oil receiving groove; the other side in the tank body is provided with a baffle (25) which is vertically connected with the top of the tank body and extends towards the bottom of the tank body, the baffle extends to the middle lower part of the tank body, and the first water outlet is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the tank body close to the baffle side.
5. The pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a sludge recovery tank (11) is further arranged between the first sludge outlet (19) and the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator, and the oily sludge pretreatment device, the sludge recovery tank and the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator are sequentially connected in the inlet and outlet direction of a sludge phase; preferably, the sludge recovery tank is connected with a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator through a second lifting pump (13);
the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator is provided with a mud phase inlet, a second water outlet and a second mud outlet, the mud phase inlet is connected with the mud outlet of the mud recovery tank, and the second mud outlet of the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator is communicated with a subsequent mud treatment station.
6. The pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator (2) for further separating oil, water and mud from the sewage water obtained by preliminary separation and dehydration or dirty oil obtained by preliminary separation;
a first water outlet (20) of the oily sludge pretreatment device and a second water outlet of the two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator are both communicated with a liquid inlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator, and a first dirty oil outlet (18) of the oily sludge pretreatment device is communicated with a liquid inlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator.
7. The pretreatment system according to claim 6, wherein the first dirty oil outlet (18) is connected to a three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifuge by a first lift pump (3);
a first sewage recovery tank (4) is also arranged between a first water outlet (20) of the oily sludge pretreatment device and the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator, and the oily sludge pretreatment device, the first sewage recovery tank and the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator are sequentially connected according to the water phase inlet and outlet directions;
a first sump oil outlet (18) of the oily sludge pretreatment device is provided with a sump oil control valve, and a water outlet of the first sewage recovery tank is provided with a sewage control valve;
optionally, the first sewage recovery tank is connected with the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator through the first lifting pump (3).
8. The pretreatment system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator is provided with a liquid inlet, a third water outlet, a third sludge outlet and a second dirty oil outlet, the liquid inlet is respectively connected with a first dirty oil outlet (18) of the oily sludge pretreatment device and a water outlet of a first sewage recovery tank, and the liquid inlet is not communicated with the first dirty oil outlet and the water outlet at the same time, the third water outlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator is connected with a second sewage recovery tank (14), the third sludge outlet of the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator is communicated with a subsequent sludge treatment station, and the second dirty oil outlet is connected with a dirty oil recovery tank (5);
preferably, a water outlet pipe of the second sewage recovery tank (14) and a gas outlet pipe of an air compressor (8) are connected in parallel, a third lift pump (12) is connected with the pressure dissolved air water tank (9) and communicated with the water outlet pipe, and the second sewage recovery tank, the third lift pump, the pressure dissolved air water tank and the oily sludge pretreatment device are sequentially connected in the water phase inlet and outlet direction; the second sewage recovery tank is also provided with a main sewage outlet which is communicated with a subsequent sewage treatment station;
optionally, the dirty oil recovery tank (5) is provided with a dirty oil inlet connected with a second dirty oil outlet of the three-phase horizontal spiral dirty oil centrifugal separator, and is further provided with a second dosing port (7) connected with a second dosing device for dosing a dirty oil treatment agent into the dirty oil recovery tank, and a total dirty oil outlet communicated with a subsequent dirty oil treatment station.
9. A pretreatment method of oily sludge, characterized in that, the pretreatment system of any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, firstly, an oily sludge pretreatment device is used for carrying out oil, water and sludge three-phase preliminary separation on the oily sludge to be treated, then a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal dehydrator is used for carrying out sludge and water two-phase dehydration separation on the sludge after the preliminary separation, and the sludge after the dehydration separation is discharged to a subsequent sludge treatment station;
optionally, further separating oil, water and sludge of the primarily separated sump oil and the primarily separated and dewatered and separated sewage respectively by using a three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator, and discharging the further separated sludge to a subsequent sludge treatment station;
further optionally, mixing part of sewage obtained by the three-phase horizontal screw dirty oil centrifugal separator with compressed air to form gas-dissolved water, conveying the gas-dissolved water back to the oily sludge pretreatment device, and discharging the rest part to a subsequent sewage treatment station;
and further optionally, discharging the sump oil obtained by the three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator to a subsequent sump oil treatment station.
10. The pretreatment method of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge to be treated, dissolved air water provided by a pressure dissolved air water tank, a demulsifier and a cleaning agent provided by a first chemical adding device at an oil-containing sludge inlet of an oil-containing sludge pretreatment device, then introducing the mixture into the oil-containing sludge pretreatment device for primary separation, standing and layering, discharging dirty oil from a first dirty oil outlet at the top, discharging sludge from a first sludge outlet at the bottom after settling, and discharging sewage from a first water outlet at the top;
(2) discharging the sludge obtained by the preliminary separation in the step (1) into a sludge recovery tank, introducing the sludge into a two-phase horizontal screw centrifugal separator through a second lifting pump for dehydration separation, discharging the dehydrated sludge to a subsequent sludge treatment station, and feeding the dehydrated sewage into a first sewage recovery tank;
(3) discharging the sewage obtained by the separation in the step (1) into a first sewage recovery tank, combining the sewage obtained by the separation in the step (1) and the sewage obtained by the dehydration in the step (2) in the first sewage recovery tank, closing a sewage control valve, and introducing the combined sewage into a three-phase horizontal screw sewage oil centrifugal separator by using a first lifting pump to further separate oil, water and mud phases; or,
closing a sewage control valve, and introducing the sump oil obtained by separation in the step (1) into a three-phase horizontal screw sump oil centrifugal separator by using a first lifting pump to further separate oil, water and mud;
(4) conveying the sludge obtained by further separation in the step (3) to a subsequent sludge treatment station, conveying the separated dirty oil to the subsequent dirty oil treatment station after the separated dirty oil enters a dirty oil recovery tank, and conveying the separated sewage to a second sewage recovery tank;
preferably, the step (5) is added, and a part of sewage in the second sewage recovery tank and compressed air in the air compressor are led into the pressure dissolved air water tank together through a third lift pump to be mixed to form dissolved air water, and the dissolved air water is fed back to the oily sludge pretreatment device; and discharging the residual sewage to a subsequent sewage treatment station.
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