RU2001116092A - The method of extraction and recovery of bitumen from bitumen foam and the method used for this countercurrent decantation - Google Patents

The method of extraction and recovery of bitumen from bitumen foam and the method used for this countercurrent decantation

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RU2001116092A
RU2001116092A RU2001116092/04A RU2001116092A RU2001116092A RU 2001116092 A RU2001116092 A RU 2001116092A RU 2001116092/04 A RU2001116092/04 A RU 2001116092/04A RU 2001116092 A RU2001116092 A RU 2001116092A RU 2001116092 A RU2001116092 A RU 2001116092A
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bitumen
solids
product
water
solvent
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RU2001116092/04A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2214439C2 (en
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Уиллем П.С. ДАЙВЕСТЕЙН
Джулия Р. БАДДЕН
Мериджн А. ПИКАВЕТ
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БиЭйчПи МИНЕРАЛС ИНТЕРНЭШНЛ ИНК.
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Priority claimed from US09/192,892 external-priority patent/US5968349A/en
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Claims (36)

1. Способ экстракции и восстановления битума из битумной пены, полученной из битуминозных песков, с получением разведенного битумного продукта, который в основном не содержит воды, твердых веществ и осажденных асфальтенов, и хвостов битумной пены, отличающийся тем, что указанный способ включает в себя следующие операции: a) использование водного концентрата хвостов битумной пены, полученного из битуминозных песков; b) обработку указанного концентрата битумной пены в системе противоточной декантации с использованием органического растворителя, с получением разведенного битумного продукта с существенно сниженным содержанием воды, твердых веществ и осажденных асфальтенов, а также хвостов битумной пены, которые содержат изолированно или в перемешанном состоянии остаточный битум, растворитель, воду, твердые вещества и осажденные асфальтены; c) проведение операции гравитационного разделения хвостов битумной пены с получением фазы остаточного битума, фазы растворителя, осажденных асфальтенов и воды, а также фазы воды и твердых веществ; d) обработку указанной фазы остаточного битума, полученной в результате проведения операции с), путем ее рециркуляции в системе противоточной декантации; e) биохимическую обработку фазы растворителя, осажденных асфальтенов и воды, полученной в результате проведения операции с), путем выделения из нее или из не природного источника смешанной бактериальной культуры, и инокуляции этой бактериальной культуры питательной средой, способствующей росту бактериальной культуры, причем часть растворителя, осажденных асфальтенов и фазы воды образует инокулят; f) инкубацию указанного инокулята в изотермической среде в течение времени, достаточного для получения смеси твердых веществ с жидкостью, заключающей в себе фазу биораствора, содержащую биологические поверхностно-активные вещества, растворитель и воду, и содержащей фазу твердых веществ, которая включает в себя пониженное количество осажденных асфальтенов и биомассу; g) разделение указанной смеси твердых веществ с жидкостью, полученной при проведении операции f), с получением отдельного продукта в виде биораствора и хвостов твердого остатка; h) фильтрацию фазы воды и твердых веществ, полученной при проведении операции с), с получением отфильтрованных твердых веществ, которые удаляют в отходы в виде хвостов, и фильтрата воды, который рециркулируют в процесс обработки битуминозных песков.1. The method of extraction and recovery of bitumen from bitumen foam obtained from tar sands, to obtain a diluted bitumen product, which mainly does not contain water, solids and precipitated asphaltenes, and tailings of bitumen foam, characterized in that the method includes the following operations: a) the use of an aqueous concentrate of the tailings of bitumen foam obtained from tar sands; b) processing said bitumen foam concentrate in a countercurrent decantation system using an organic solvent to obtain a diluted bitumen product with a significantly reduced content of water, solids and deposited asphaltenes, as well as bitumen foam tails that contain residual bitumen, solvent in an isolated or mixed state , water, solids and precipitated asphaltenes; c) performing the operation of gravitational separation of the tails of the bitumen foam to obtain a residual bitumen phase, a solvent phase, precipitated asphaltenes and water, as well as a phase of water and solids; d) processing said phase of residual bitumen obtained as a result of operation c) by recirculating it in a countercurrent decantation system; e) biochemical treatment of the solvent phase, precipitated asphaltenes and water obtained as a result of operation c) by isolating a mixed bacterial culture from it or from a non-natural source, and inoculating this bacterial culture with a nutrient medium conducive to the growth of the bacterial culture, and part of the solvent, precipitated asphaltenes and a water phase forms an inoculum; f) incubation of the indicated inoculum in an isothermal medium for a time sufficient to obtain a mixture of solids with a liquid containing a bio-solution phase containing biological surfactants, a solvent and water, and containing a phase of solids, which includes a reduced amount precipitated asphaltenes and biomass; g) separating said mixture of solids with a liquid obtained in step f) to obtain a separate product in the form of a bio-solution and tails of a solid residue; h) filtering the phase of water and solids obtained in step c) to obtain filtered solids that are disposed of as tailings and a water filtrate that is recycled to the tar sands. 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что указанный разведенный битумный продукт с существенно сниженным содержанием воды, твердых веществ и осажденных асфальтенов, содержит ориентировочно 500 - 10000 млн-1 твердых веществ.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the said diluted bitumen product with a significantly reduced content of water, solids and precipitated asphaltenes, contains approximately 500 - 10,000 million -1 solids. 3. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что указанный разведенный битумный продукт с существенно сниженным содержанием воды, твердых веществ и осажденных асфальтенов, содержит ориентировочно 500 - 1000 млн-1 твердых веществ.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the said diluted bitumen product with a significantly reduced content of water, solids and precipitated asphaltenes, contains approximately 500 - 1000 million -1 solids. 4. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что указанный разведенный битумный продукт с существенно сниженным содержанием воды, твердых веществ и осажденных асфальтенов, содержит ориентировочно 500 мил-1 твердых веществ.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the said diluted bitumen product with a significantly reduced content of water, solids and precipitated asphaltenes, contains approximately 500 mil -1 solids. 5. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что указанный продукт в виде биораствора используют для подачи в нефтяной пласт для осуществления восстановления из него битума и нефти.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the specified product in the form of a bio-solution is used to feed into the oil reservoir to recover bitumen and oil from it. 6. Способ по п.5, отличающийся тем, что указанный нефтяной пласт является частично выработанным.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that said oil reservoir is partially worked out. 7. Способ по одному из пп.2-4, отличающийся тем, что указанный разведенный битумный продукт с существенно сниженным содержанием воды, твердых веществ и осажденных асфальтенов, который содержит ориентировочно 500 - 1000 мил-1 твердых веществ, не требует дополнительной обработки и может быть непосредственно подан на гидрокрекинг.7. The method according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said diluted bitumen product with a significantly reduced content of water, solids and precipitated asphaltenes, which contains approximately 500 - 1000 mil -1 solids, does not require additional processing and may be directly served for hydrocracking. 8. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что указанные хвосты битумной пены получают из содержащих воду битуминозных песков.8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said tails of bitumen foam are obtained from water-containing tar sands. 9. Способ по п.8, отличающийся тем, что процесс обработки содержащих воду битуминозных песков проводят при температуре ориентировочно 35 - 65°С.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the processing of water-containing tar sands is carried out at a temperature of approximately 35 - 65 ° C. 10. Способ по п.8, отличающийся тем, что указанный концентрат битумной пены, который получен в результате обработки содержащих воду битуминозных песков, содержит ориентировочно 60 вес.% битума, ориентировочно 30 вес.% воды и ориентировочно 10 вес.% твердых веществ.10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that said bitumen foam concentrate, which is obtained by processing water-containing tar sands, contains approximately 60% by weight of bitumen, approximately 30% by weight of water and approximately 10% by weight of solids. 11. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве растворителя в системе противоточной декантации используют парафиновый углеводород, который разбавляет битум и выводит из него воду, твердые вещества и осажденные асфальтены.11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a paraffin hydrocarbon is used as a solvent in the countercurrent decantation system, which dilutes bitumen and removes water, solids and precipitated asphaltenes from it. 12. Способ по п.11, отличающийся тем, что указанный парафиновый растворитель имеет цепь, в которую входят 4 - 8 атомов углерода.12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that said paraffin solvent has a chain, which includes 4 to 8 carbon atoms. 13. Способ по п.11, отличающийся тем, что указанный растворитель содержит большую пропорцию парафинового растворителя, хорошо перемешанного с меньшей пропорцией ароматического растворителя.13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that said solvent contains a large proportion of a paraffin solvent, well mixed with a smaller proportion of the aromatic solvent. 14. Способ по п.12, отличающийся тем, что указанный парафиновый растворитель содержит смесь пентана и гексана.14. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that the paraffin solvent contains a mixture of pentane and hexane. 15. Способ по п.14, отличающийся тем, что указанный парафиновый растворитель содержит смесь ориентировочно 50 вес.% пентана и ориентировочно 50 вес.% гексана.15. The method according to 14, characterized in that the paraffin solvent contains a mixture of approximately 50 wt.% Pentane and approximately 50 wt.% Hexane. 16. Способ по п.7, отличающийся тем, что в качестве растворителя в системе противоточной декантации используют парафиновый углеводород, который разбавляет битум и выводит из него воду, твердые вещества и осажденные асфальтены.16. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that a paraffin hydrocarbon is used as a solvent in the countercurrent decantation system, which dilutes bitumen and removes water, solids and precipitated asphaltenes from it. 17. Способ по п.16, отличающийся тем, что указанный парафиновый растворитель имеет цепь, в которую входят 4 - 8 атомов углерода.17. The method according to p. 16, characterized in that the paraffin solvent has a chain, which includes 4 to 8 carbon atoms. 18. Способ по п.16, отличающийся тем, что указанный растворитель содержит большую пропорцию парафинового растворителя, хорошо перемешанного с меньшей пропорцией ароматического углеводорода.18. The method according to clause 16, wherein said solvent contains a large proportion of a paraffin solvent, well mixed with a smaller proportion of aromatic hydrocarbon. 19. Способ по п.17, отличающийся тем, что указанный парафиновый растворитель содержит смесь пентана и гексана.19. The method according to 17, characterized in that the paraffin solvent contains a mixture of pentane and hexane. 20. Способ по п.19, отличающийся тем, что указанный парафиновый растворитель содержит смесь ориентировочно 50 вес.% пентана и ориентировочно 50 вес.% гексана.20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the paraffin solvent contains a mixture of approximately 50 wt.% Pentane and approximately 50 wt.% Hexane. 21. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что полученный при проведении операции (g) продукт в виде биораствора вновь подвергают инокуляции частью указанных хвостов битумной пены с использованием питательной среды для роста бактерий для образования второго инокулята с последующей инкубацией и разделением в соответствии с операциями (f и (g) для образования второго продукта в виде биораствора и второго хвоста твердого остатка.21. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the product obtained in step (g) in the form of a bio-solution is again inoculated with part of the specified tailings of bitumen foam using a growth medium for bacterial growth to form a second inoculum, followed by incubation and separation in accordance with operations (f and (g) to form a second product in the form of a bio-solution and a second tail of a solid residue. 22. Способ по п.21, отличающийся тем, что указанный полученный второй продукт в виде биораствора подвергают указанным операциям третий и четвертый раз для образования соответственно третьего продукта в виде биораствора и третьего хвоста твердого остатка и четвертого продукта в виде биораствора и четвертого хвоста твердого остатка.22. The method according to item 21, wherein the obtained second product in the form of a biological solution is subjected to these operations a third and fourth time to form, respectively, a third product in the form of a biological solution and a third tail of a solid residue and a fourth product in the form of a biological solution and a fourth tail of a solid residue . 23. Способ по одному из пп.1, 21 и 22, отличающийся тем, что указанный продукт в виде биораствора используют для накачки в месторождение битуминозных песков для восстановления битума из битуминозных песков, причем указанное месторождение битуминозных песков залегает на такой глубине, что обычные процессы восстановления битуминозных песков становятся экономически невыгодными.23. The method according to one of claims 1, 21 and 22, characterized in that the said product in the form of a bio-solution is used to pump tar sands into the deposit for recovering bitumen from tar sands, and the specified tar sands deposit lies at such a depth that normal processes tar sands recovery become economically disadvantageous. 24. Способ по одному из пп.1, 21 и 24, отличающийся тем, что указанный продукт в виде биораствора используют в операции разделения асфальтенов путем его перемешивания с частью хвостов битумной пены в течение времени и при температуре, достаточных для образования трехфазной смеси, которая содержит всплывшую фазу твердых асфальтенов, фазу биораствора, который содержит растворитель и воду, и фазу смеси глины и остатка песка.24. The method according to one of claims 1, 21 and 24, characterized in that the specified product in the form of a bio-solution is used in the separation of asphaltenes by mixing it with part of the tails of the bitumen foam over time and at a temperature sufficient to form a three-phase mixture, which contains a floating phase of solid asphaltenes, a bio-solution phase that contains solvent and water, and a phase of a mixture of clay and sand residue. 25. Способ по п.24, отличающийся тем, что производят разделение указанной трехфазной смеси с получением хвостов твердых асфальтенов, продукта в виде биораствора и смеси глины и остатка песка.25. The method according to p. 24, characterized in that the separation of the specified three-phase mixture to produce tails of solid asphaltenes, the product in the form of a bio-solution and a mixture of clay and the remainder of the sand. 26. Способ по п.25, отличающийся тем, что указанную смесь глины и остатка песка перемешивают с хвостами битуминозных песков для окончательного захоронения.26. The method according A.25, characterized in that the said mixture of clay and the remainder of the sand is mixed with the tails of tar sands for final disposal. 27. Способ по п.26, отличающийся тем, что указанный продукт в виде биораствора рециркулируют в процесс обработки битуминозных песков для получения битумной пены.27. The method according to p, characterized in that the specified product in the form of a bio-solution is recycled to the processing of tar sands to obtain bitumen foam. 28. Способ по п.27, отличающийся тем, что указанную операцию разделения асфальтенов проводят при температуре окружающей среды в течение приблизительно 30 мин.28. The method according to item 27, wherein the specified operation of the separation of asphaltenes is carried out at ambient temperature for approximately 30 minutes 29. Способ по п.28, отличающийся тем, что процесс обработки содержащих воду битуминозных песков проводят при температуре ориентировочно 25 - 55°С.29. The method according to p. 28, characterized in that the processing process containing water tar sands is carried out at a temperature of approximately 25 - 55 ° C. 30. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что указанное питательное вещество представляет собой жидкую минеральную соль.30. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said nutrient is a liquid mineral salt. 31. Способ по п.30, отличающийся тем, что указанная жидкая минеральная соль главным образом не содержит материалов с органическим углеродом.31. The method according to item 30, wherein the specified liquid mineral salt mainly does not contain materials with organic carbon. 32. Способ по п.31, отличающийся тем, что указанный питательный раствор содержит ориентировочно на литр раствора 3,0 г Na2SO4, около 0,5 г MgSO4. 7Н2О, около 0,5 г КС1, около 0,01 г FeS04 и около 1,0 г К2НРО4.32. The method according to p, characterized in that the specified nutrient solution contains approximately per liter of solution 3.0 g Na 2 SO 4 , about 0.5 g MgSO 4 . 7H 2 O, about 0.5 g KCl, about 0.01 g FeS0 4 and about 1.0 g K 2 NRA 4 . 33. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что бактериальную культуру выбирают из группы, в которую входят Pseudomonas sp., Corynebacterium sp., Flavobacterium sp., Nocardia sp., Arthrobacter sp., Micrococcus sp., Mycobacterium sp., Streptomyces sp. и Achromobacter sp.33. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bacterial culture is selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas sp., Corynebacterium sp., Flavobacterium sp., Nocardia sp., Arthrobacter sp., Micrococcus sp., Mycobacterium sp., Streptomyces sp. and Achromobacter sp. 34. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что бактериальной культурой является Rhodococcus rhodochrous.34. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bacterial culture is Rhodococcus rhodochrous. 35. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что бактериальной культурой является Bacillus sphaericus.35. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bacterial culture is Bacillus sphaericus. 36. Способ противоточной декантации, применяемый для экстракции и восстановления битума из битуминозных песков, отличающийся тем, что он включает в себя следующие операции: применение ряда взаимосвязанных ступеней, в том числе первой и последней ступеней и по меньшей мере одной промежуточной ступени, в каждой из которых предусмотрен смеситель; подачу воды и необработанных битуминозных песков на смеситель для формирования главным образом однородной водной смеси битуминозных песков; подачу указанной смеси битуминозных песков на камеру флотации; подачу воздуха в камеру флотации, в результате чего образуется битумная пена; съем с поверхности битумной пены и ее подача на деаэратор для получения деаэрированной битумной пены; подачу деаэрированной битумной пены на первичный смеситель для формирования главным образом однородной смеси, которую подают на первичный отстойник для создания верхнего продукта разведенного битума, который снимают и накапливают, и нижнего продукта, который содержит твердые вещества, асфальтены и остаточный битум; подачу нижнего продукта с первичного отстойника на вторичный смеситель для формирования однородной смеси, которую подают на вторичный отстойник для создания содержащего битум верхнего продукта, который вновь подают на первичный смеситель для дополнительного восстановления, а также для получения нижнего продукта, который подают на третичный смеситель; добавление в третичный смеситель растворителя для формирования смеси с нижним продуктом от вторичного отстойника и подачу затем полученной смеси на третичный отстойник для создания содержащего битум верхнего продукта, который подают на вторичный смеситель, и нижнего продукта, который подают на первичную ступень гравитационного разделения нижнего продукта на несколько слоев, в том числе на (1) верхний слой разведенного битума, (2) промежуточный слой, который содержит разведенный битум, осажденные асфальтены и воду, и (3) нижний слой, который содержит фазу воды и твердых веществ, из которой после фильтрации твердые вещества отправляют в отходы хвостов; подачу содержащего разведенный битум верхнего слоя на указанный первичный смеситель для восстановления из него битума; разделение промежуточного слоя на два потока, один из которых подают на вторичную ступень гравитационного разделения, а другой направляют на биохимическую обработку для выработки биораствора, предназначенного для рециркуляции в процесс противоточной декантации; получение на вторичной ступени гравитационного разделения первого слоя всплывших асфальтенов, который направляют в хвосты асфальтенов, второго слоя фазы биораствора, который рециркулируют на операцию разделения асфальтенов, и нижнего слоя глины и песка, который удаляют в виде хвостов.36. The method of countercurrent decantation used for the extraction and recovery of bitumen from tar sands, characterized in that it includes the following operations: the use of a number of interconnected steps, including the first and last steps and at least one intermediate step, in each of which provides a mixer; the supply of water and untreated tar sands to the mixer to form a substantially uniform aqueous mixture of tar sands; supplying the specified mixture of tar sands to the flotation chamber; air supply to the flotation chamber, resulting in the formation of bitumen foam; I will remove from the surface of the bitumen foam and its supply to the deaerator to obtain a deaerated bitumen foam; feeding the deaerated bitumen foam to the primary mixer to form a substantially uniform mixture, which is fed to the primary sump to create a top product of diluted bitumen that is removed and accumulated, and a bottom product that contains solids, asphaltenes and residual bitumen; feeding the bottom product from the primary sump to the secondary mixer to form a homogeneous mixture, which is fed to the secondary sump to create a bitumen-containing top product, which is again fed to the primary mixer for additional recovery, as well as to obtain the lower product that is fed to the tertiary mixer; adding a solvent to the tertiary mixer to form a mixture with the bottom product from the secondary sump and then feeding the resulting mixture to the tertiary sump to create a bitumen-containing upper product that is fed to the secondary mixer and a lower product that is fed to the primary stage of gravity separation of the lower product into several layers, including (1) the upper layer of diluted bitumen, (2) an intermediate layer that contains diluted bitumen, precipitated asphaltenes and water, and (3) the lower layer, which d contains a phase of water and solids, from which, after filtration, solids are sent to tailings; supplying a topcoat containing diluted bitumen to said primary mixer for recovering bitumen from it; separation of the intermediate layer into two streams, one of which is fed to the secondary stage of gravitational separation, and the other is sent to biochemical treatment to produce a bio-solution intended for recirculation into countercurrent decantation; obtaining at the secondary stage of gravitational separation of the first layer of surfaced asphaltenes, which is sent to the tails of asphaltenes, the second layer of the phase of the bio-solution, which is recycled to the operation for separating asphaltenes, and the lower layer of clay and sand, which is removed in the form of tails.
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