RU2000027C1 - Method of oncological disease diagnosis - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: medicine, diagnosis of cancer. The aim of the invention is to provide an inexpensive, fairly simple, reliable and effective physical method for the diagnosis of cancer, which does not require a large amount of blood for analysis, as well as the creation of complex and expensive equipment for its implementation. The essence of the invention: blood serum is diluted in distilled water at a concentration of not more than 25 vol.%, The resulting solutions are irradiated with laser radiation in a standard mode, after which the Rayleigh scattering coefficients of R solutions are measured, then the effective mass M and the intermolecular parameter are determined interactions B of scattering particles of serum, then compare the measured R, M and B with the same parameters of a pre-selected standard solution and at R / No 2. M Mat and Wet diagnose cancer e. 1 sludge, 1 tablet Yo

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to the field of cancer diagnostics, in particular by using molecular physics techniques.

The purpose of the invention is the creation of an inexpensive, fairly simple, reliable and effective physical method for the diagnosis of cancer, which does not require a large amount of blood for anapisis, as well as for the creation of complex and expensive equipment.

The positive effect of the present isorethenic is. that the proposed method for the diagnosis of cancer is easy to implement, since it does not require preliminary exposure to external fields or reagents, eliminates the need to take a large amount of blood from the patient (in this case, it is sufficient to use blood that is taken from the finger during microanalysis, and not from the vein, as in the prototype method), expensive equipment is not required to carry out the method, the analysis can be carried out using a laboratory non-felometric unit, and. most importantly, the method is characterized by high reliability and efficiency of tlk clkdiy o o o o o

V4 o

agnosstanovlivaetsya in several ways.

The method is illustrated in the table and the drawing, which shows the dependence of complex

from c, where H is constant, definable

sa

R

the characteristic of the measuring instrument (wavelength of the light source) and the refractive index of the solution (blood serum), c is the concentration of the solution and R is the Rayleigh scattering coefficient of the solution light.

Rayleigh scattering occurs when electromagnetic radiation is applied to a medium. Under the influence of this radiation in scattering particles (molecules) randomly distributed in the medium, oscillations of electric charges (oscillating dipoles) arise, which become a source of electromagnetic radiation of the same frequency, radiation that is scattered radiation. The experimentally determined measure of the energy of a light wave is the intensity 1p.

It is more convenient to determine the scattering coefficient (the so-called Rayleigh coefficient) by the formula

g%

R #

(1)

where 0 is the angle between the scattered and incident rays, r is the distance from the scattering volume to the observation point; 1 ° is the incident radiation intensity.

The Rayleigh coefficient is determined by the mass of scattering particles, the concentration of particles in the solution, as well as the coefficient characterizing the energy of interaction of particles

Not

R0

(2)

(3)

1 / m + 2Bc where c is the concentration of particles (macromolecules) in solution, M is their mass, B is the coefficient of intermolecular interaction, H is the so-called constant solution

q, (dn / dc) 2

where A is the wavelength of the incident radiation (laser), p is the refractive index of the solvent (in this case, distilled water), equal to 1.30 (for R 630 nm), NA is the Avogadro number, 6.02-1023 1 / mol.

dn

-t- - refractive index increment

Os

dn ,.

solution, g- - can be determined with

power of a rrfractometer for two to three solution concentrations and almost always cervical ZERISIT from the concentration

The method is carried out as follows.

Using a medical syringe or a calibrated pipette, an amount of blood serum is introduced into an ampoule or cuvette with distilled water so that its concentration in the solution is no more than 25% by volume. At higher concentrations of the solution, the light scatters such

the solution is very large, because the effect of multiple scattering appears, which greatly complicates the interpretation of the results. Then, the resulting solutions are irradiated with laser radiation (e.g.

He-Ne laser with I - 630 nm) in standard mode.

The measurement and determination of the parameters of Rayleigh scattering of light in solutions of various concentrations is carried out as follows.

The scattered radiation intensity in the solution is measured at an angle of 90 ° to the incident beam (Ip), then the scattering intensity in the reference sample (e) is measured.

By comparing the scattering intensity in a blood serum solution of a given concentration with the scattering intensity in a reference sample, the value

scattering coefficient R -, see formula (3).

Next, the parameter H is calculated for a given wavelength of exciting light A and a given value (dn / dc). Then build

with and

dependence of complex a on con Rg 8

centration of a blood serum solution (see drawing). Using a linear extrapolation of this dependence to zero concentration (C-10), we determine the point on the ordinate axis (° C), which allows us to find the average effective mass M of the scattering particles of the solution, and from the slope of the dependence

Yes

(tgcr -tg) determine the parameter of intermolecular interaction ..

0

5

Further, the obtained parameters R, M and B are compared with the same parameters of the blood serum of a healthy patient (standard solution) R3i. MET and VET and at

P values, М МЭт and ВЭТ diagnosed Cat

cite cancer.

The scattering properties of blood serum are determined by the physical parameters of the molecules dissolved in it, as well as by the physicochemical lmi that occur in it.

The macromolecules of proteins entering the blood serum, mainly albumin or globulin, carry an electric charge on their surface, the size and sign of which significantly affect the pattern of intermolecular interaction of protein macromolecules. The occurrence of a cancer or the predisposition to it leads to a change in this surface charge on protein molecules. With a decrease in the surface charge, the Coulomb repulsive forces between the molecules decrease, and due to the attractive forces of the molecule, they begin to stick together to form clusters. The mass-scattering particles dissolve and the coefficient R increases accordingly.

Studies of dilute aqueous solutions of blood serum by the authors showed that in the blood serum the R coefficient of patients with cancer is two or more times higher than in the blood of healthy people (see table). The table is compiled for a concentration of a serum solution of 25%,

Proteins with different weights and in various proportions enter the blood serum. The main plasma proteins include: albumin, mass 70,000 (55%), cci-globulins, average mass 40,000 (6%), o-depths, average mass 50,000 (11%), / -globulins 70,000 (7%) and gamma -globulins 150,000 (16%). A rough estimate of the average total mass of M particles gives 150000-190000.

For serum solutions of healthy patients, the described method gives an average effective mass M of the order of 100,000-133,000. For some blood samples from cancer patients, the value was two or three times higher (see table).

However, parameter M is a weaker criterion compared to parameter B. For the reference solution, the blood serum of an apparently healthy patient, B 5 (mol / g). For blood serum of cancer patients B is significantly lower), and in a number of cases B is even negative (see table). This is due to a change in the sign of the intermolecular interaction potential upon a change in the surface charge on the protein.

The table illustrates the change in the coefficient R, mass M and parameter B for healthy people and cancer patients. The table shows that R for healthy people is not more than 1.1. For the group of cancer patients, R was of the order of 2 and higher (up to 4, 5) M values for healthy people were of the order of 1.0-1.8-10 °, for patients -3.8-5.6 10. Values of B for healthy people from 1 to 5 10 and for sick patients, a positive value of B changed from Z -10 7

5 to 1 10 a, but basically the values were negative. The table shows the absence of overlapping R, M, and B values for healthy people and cancer patients; indicating reliability and efficiency

0 diagnosis of cancer by the proposed method, Examples.

1. Patient K, 25 years old, practically healthy - no complaints, No clinical pathology was detected during clinical examination 5. Clinical analysis of blood and urine without features. Biochemical blood test: total protein-8.7%, coefficient A / G 2.02, R / R-, r 1.0 at a concentration of 25%, M 9.8 -10,

0 V- 1.1 -10 3

2. Patient E., 27 years old, is practically healthy; the clinical analysis of blood and urine is normal. Biochemical blood test: total protein - 6.4%, A / G ratio 1.46.

5 R / R3T 1.1 at a concentration of 25%, M -12.5-U4, B 0.5-.

3. Patient S., 23 years old, is practically healthy. Pathologies not detected Blood and urine tests are normal. Biochemical research: total protein - 8.8%, A / G coefficient 2.04 at a concentration of 10%, M - -9.2 -J. In 4 ,, R / R3T 1.O.

4. Patient S., 27 years old, almost healthy. No pathology was detected. Blood test

5 and urine are normal. Biochemical study: total protein - 6.8%, A / G coefficient - 1.48, R / R3r 1.1 at a concentration of 10%, M 10.8-U4. B 2.4-10 3.

5. Patient T., 34 years old, history number No. 0 90/9950. Diagnosis: Low-grade adenocarcinoma of the body and cardinal section of the stomach, TaNiMo. Biochemical study: total protein - 8.2%, A / G ratio 1.39, I / IE 2.2

5 at a concentration of 25%, M 5.6-U4, B 3. The patient in the hospital received the appropriate treatment, at present the condition is satisfactory.

6. Patient M., 61 years old, No. of the history of the disease- 0, w 90/10970. Diagnosis: uterine body adenocarcinoma stage 1-11. TShhMo. Biochemical research: total protein - 6.2%, A / G coefficient 0.84 at a concentration of 10%, R / Rsi 2.5, M 38.0 -105. B 5 1.0, -10. The patient in the hospital received the appropriate treatment, at present she is in satisfactory condition.

7. Patient B .. 57 years old, medical history 90/7099. Diagnosis: adenocarcinoma endomer II stage. T2NxM0. Biochemical research: total protein - 9.6%, A / G coefficient - 1.38, R / Rar 2.5, concentration 25%. M is not defined. B - -0. The patient in the hospital has received appropriate treatment; at present, her condition is satisfactory.

Thus, as the described results show, the indicated parameters: the Rayleigh coefficient R, the average effective mass M of the protein serum (plasma) blood molecules and the coefficient of their intermolecular interaction B) significantly differ from similar parameters in healthy people.

0

5

The proposed method for the diagnosis of cancer is a three-parameter express method, since it takes no more than 10-15 minutes to conduct it using a laboratory nephelometer. The method is quite simple, cheap, has reliability and objectivity. This diagnostic method will find wide application in clinical practice, especially for preliminary control and selection of patients with suspected possibility of a disease, as well as a method of mass express-diagnosis of a risk group during preventive dispensary examinations.

Claims (1)

The claims A method for the diagnosis of cancer, including a study of the physical parameters of a patient's blood serum, followed by comparison of the obtained parameters with a control, characterized in that blood serum is previously diluted with distilled water to a final concentration not more than 25 vol.%, the Rayleigh scattering coefficient R of the resulting solution, the effective mass M and the intermolecular interaction coefficient of scattering particles B are measured as physical parameters, for which the solution is exposed to laser radiation, and at R / R 2-, M Mk. In B, where K is the indicator in the control sample, cancer is diagnosed. ..ЈЈ. L% ( Table continuation