RU198887U1 - ELECTRIC CIRCUIT SWITCHING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical result is to expand the possible implementations of the switch design for the given values of the elasticity of the switching mechanism. The electrical circuit switching device comprises a housing with a stationary magnetic unit of permanent magnets and a movable magnetic unit installed in the housing with at least one permanent magnet. In this case, contacts are installed in the housing, made with the possibility of switching the electric circuit when the position of the movable magnetic unit changes. The axes of all magnets are located in the same plane, and the magnetic poles of the magnets of the movable magnetic unit and the stationary magnetic unit are located opposite each other. In this case, the permanent magnets of the stationary magnetic unit are installed in series, alternating in polarity. 1 n. and 2 h. n. f-ly.

Description

The utility model relates to switches operated by changing a magnetic field.

In the technology of element switches, there is a need to ensure switching at given values of the acting external forces. If the force is less than a certain value, the switch should be in an unbiased state, and with a greater force, it should be displaced by a set distance. In this case, an increase in the force of action from the first state to the second should not be accompanied by a noticeable mechanical displacement of the switch. In other words, it is required to provide a predetermined rigidity (elasticity) of the switching mechanism.

Known patent US 4489297, publication 12/18/1984, IPC H01H 036/00, which describes a magnetic switch made on two permanent magnets. One of the magnets is fixed on the key, which, under physical influence, has the ability to move linearly (or along an arc of a large radius). Another magnet is attached to a spring-loaded metal plate. The axes of the magnets are in the same plane, orthogonal to the plane of movement of the key, and the magnets themselves are mounted to each other with the same poles in a position where, when the key is moving, their axes coincide.

Known patent EP 1925008, publication 20.01.2010, IPC N01H 036/00, which describes a device for switching an electrical circuit, in which the stationary block contains magnets that are not located in a line, but distributed around a circle and all stationary magnets are directed to the center of the circle with the same pole.

The closest is the solution described in the application CN 104576187, published 04/29/2015, IPC N01H-036/00. The magnetic switch contains a housing with a stationary magnetic unit made of permanent magnets and a movable magnetic unit with one permanent magnet installed in the housing. The movable magnetic block is connected to the switching contact of the electrical circuit. The axes of all magnets are located in the same plane, and the magnetic poles of the movable magnetic unit and the stationary magnetic unit are located opposite each other.

This design cannot always provide the required value of the switch elasticity. That is, not for all the values of the switch elasticity required in practice, and not for all the selected characteristics of the magnets, the switch of the given elasticity (rigidity) of the switching mechanism can be solved in this design.

The technical result achieved in the claimed utility model is to expand the possible implementations of the switch design for the given values of the elasticity (stiffness) of the switching mechanism.

The device for switching the electric circuit comprises a housing with a stationary magnetic block made of permanent magnets and a movable magnetic block installed in the housing with at least one permanent magnet. At the same time, contacts are installed in the housing, made with the possibility of switching the electric circuit when the position of the movable magnetic unit changes. The axes of all magnets are located in the same plane, and the magnetic poles of the magnets of the movable magnetic unit and the stationary magnetic unit are located opposite each other. In this case, the permanent magnets of the stationary magnetic unit are installed in series, alternating in polarity.

In particular, magnets in a stationary magnetic block are located equidistantly relative to each other.

In addition, the movable magnetic unit contains two or more permanent magnets, which are installed in series, alternating in polarity.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the design of the electrical circuit switching device

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the design of the electrical circuit switching device.

FIG. 3 is a distance scale for explaining the operation of the embodiment of FIG. 1

FIG. 4 shows the superposition of the forces of magnetic interaction between the stationary and the movable blocks along the line of movement and the curve that is the derivative of the superposition function of the above force with respect to the value of the displacement of the movable block obtained by mathematical modeling.

The device for switching the electric circuit contains a housing 1 with a stationary magnetic block 2, in which the permanent magnets 3 are installed in series, alternating in polarity. A movable magnetic block 4 in the first embodiment (figure 1) with one magnet 5 is installed in the housing. The movable magnetic block closes certain contacts of the electrical circuit located in the housing (not shown in the figure) when moving.

The axes of all magnets of the fixed block 2 and the movable block 4 are located in the same plane, and the magnetic poles of the magnets are located opposite each other.

The stationary magnetic block can have both linear and ring structures. In this case, the movable block must also be located on a radial base.

The electrical circuit switching device in the first embodiment operates as follows.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment with a row of magnets 3 of a stationary unit 2, the magnets being installed in series, alternating in polarity. This is essentially a three position switch. The magnet 5 of the movable block 4 is in the middle position. When a force is applied to the movable block 4 to move it in one direction or another, it will be necessary to overcome the resistance arising due to the action of a permanent magnet 3 of the same polarity, located next to the movable magnet 5. When this force is overcome, the magnet 5 will stand again in a stable position opposite the opposite pole of another magnet 3 of the fixed block of magnets 2.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 shows a two-position switch with enhanced values of the elasticity (stiffness) of the switching mechanism. This is achieved by the fact that two magnets of alternating polarity stand side by side in the moving block. To move the movable unit 8 with magnets 9, it is required to apply a large force to overcome the resistance of the magnets 7 of the fixed unit 6. In this case, the switch moves from one position to another with great acceleration.

FIG. 3 shows a diagram of switching the movable unit) from "0" position along the X axis to position "2" or "-2". The operation of the switching device is illustrated by the diagrams shown in FIG. 4, which illustrate the operation of a fragment of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, consisting of one movable and three fixed magnets.

<0) состояние при х=0 и два неустойчивых (т.е. когда упругость

>0) при х=±1. Из графика Фиг. 4 видно, что значение максимальной отрицательной крутизны (упругости) находится непосредственно в точке устойчивости х=0.Figure 4 shows a graph of the force F (x) of the magnetic interaction between the stationary and movable blocks along the line of movement, where the value of F0 is equal to the value of the external force required to switch the switch from one position to another. The graph also shows the values of elasticity (stiffness) F (x) / dx of a fragment of the magnetic system. The system has one finite stable (i.e., when F (x) = 0, and the elasticity

<0) state at x = 0 and two unstable (i.e., when the elasticity

> 0) for x = ± 1. From the graph of FIG. 4 that the value of the maximum negative slope (elasticity) is located directly at the point of stability x = 0.

In a stable position, a gain in rigidity was obtained in comparison with the prototype by about an order of magnitude.

The electrical circuit switching device can be used in a variety of switches. It is especially convenient to use such a structure in switches where it is required to provide a given rigidity (elasticity) of the switching mechanism. For example, such requirements apply to manual call point switches. It should also be noted that for the given values of the elasticity (stiffness) of the switching mechanism in the proposed device, it is possible to use weaker or stronger magnets, thus reducing the size of the device or the cost of its manufacture.

Claims (3)

1. An electrical circuit switching device comprising a housing with a stationary magnetic block made of permanent magnets and a movable magnetic block installed in the housing, with at least one permanent magnet, while contacts are installed in the housing that can switch the electrical circuit when the position of the moved magnetic unit, the axes of all magnets are located in the same plane, and the magnetic poles of the magnets of the movable magnetic unit and the stationary magnetic unit are located opposite each other, characterized in that the permanent magnets of the stationary magnetic unit are installed in series, alternating in polarity. 2. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the magnets in the stationary magnetic block are located equidistantly relative to each other. 3. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the movable magnetic block contains two or more permanent magnets, which are installed in series, alternating in polarity.

Images