RU198555U1 - Adapter for connecting balloon transition to sealed transition - Google Patents

Abstract

An adapter is proposed for connecting a balloon inter-car passage with a sealed one, containing a flat frame, with a device for fastening a sealed transition with a coupling frame, having on the side intended for contact with the balloon passage, elastic sealing elements in the form of bent cross-sectional profiles installed on its side and top planks with the convex side outward. In this case, the sealing elements can be made hollow and have a crescent-shaped (crescent-shaped) profile in cross-section.

Description

The proposed useful model relates to the field of transport engineering, more precisely, to the transitions between railway cars, even more precisely to devices that ensure the interface of intercar passages of different designs (adapters).

In the present description, the features "vertical", "horizontal", "along", "across", "longitudinal" are used in relation to the inter-car passage, which is in the working position.

Used in this description, individual terms have the following interpretation:

- adapter - a device installed in the joint between the end parts of inter-car passages of different designs and in contact with both passages in order to ensure the tightness of their connection and the possibility of the passage of passengers;

- balloon passage - an inter-car passage in which the fence is made in the form of elastic cylinders of round or oval section. In the prior art (for example, RU 2506184) it is sometimes called an airborne transition;

- sealed passage - an inter-car passage, including a closed loop fence in the form of a flexible shell or bellows (souffle), the ends of which are fastened to the frame for connection to the end part of the car (screwed frame) and to the frame or transition of the adjacent car (coupling frame);

- inter-car passage - in the present description - a device for the passage of passengers from one car to another, including a bridge, a fence and elements for connecting the passages with the car and, in the case of sealed passages, with each other. In the prior art, it is sometimes called a transition platform or half-transition (see, for example, RU No. 165585) or a half-coupling (RU No. 2506184), which is not entirely correct, since an industrial product with structural unity is precisely a “half-transition”, and not a connection two "half-passages" from adjacent cars. In trains of constant formation, such a "half-coupling", being connected directly to the adjacent car, on the end wall of which the reciprocal coupling frame is fixed, turns into a coupling, remaining the same product. In the present description, the adjective "intercar" is in most cases omitted for brevity;

- decking sheet (apron, plate, sheet, platform) - usually a flat or slightly curved element of small thickness compared to the transverse dimensions, serving as a floor or part of the floor of the intercar passage. May consist of parts connected by hinges;

- passage fencing - an element of an inter-car passage, a flexible shell (soufflé) designed to insulate the passage and protect passengers from precipitation and wind;

- screwed-on frame - a flat closed or U-shaped frame, fastened to the passage fence, serving to attach the fence to the end wall of the car. In the prior art, there are also the equivalent terms "mounting frame", "end frame", "mounting frame", "mounting flange";

- coupling frame - a flat closed or U-shaped frame, fastened to the passage fence, serving to connect to the coupling frame of an adjacent car, fixed on its end wall or the fence of the passage installed on it. In the prior art, there are also equivalent terms "center frame", "docking frame";

- elastic material - a material capable of elastically under the action of an applied force, that is, restoring its shape after removal of the force, deform by at least 5% in the direction of application of the force.

http://miit.ru/content/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8 % D1% 8F.pdf? Id_wm = 768540

Known and widely used in domestically produced cars is the cylinder-type inter-car passage, in which the open-loop fence (souffle) is made of 8 mm thick rubber sheets rolled into cylindrical cylinders [URL: http://vse-lekcii.ru/zheleznodorozhnyj-transport/ vagony / buphernye-pribory-i-uprugie-ploshhadki-vagonov (Date of treatment 03/08/2020)]. The transitions of the coupled cars are in contact with each other by the frontal surfaces of the elastic cylinders pressed against each other. On straight sections of the path, the cylinders of both transitions are slightly compressed (flattened), which ensures tight contact during turns, when the cylinders flatten even more on the inside of the turn, and straighten out from the outside without losing contact with each other. The elastic stroke of two cylinders slightly pressed against each other turns out to be enough to select the gap formed on the turns from the outside of the turn.

Crossings with a barrier of this kind are also known from [SU 1654076, JPH04159172 and CN201863851].

Also known are hermetically sealed transitions, including an accordion-shaped flexible fence of a closed circuit, connected at the ends with a screwed and coupled frame [RU 165585 U1, RU 185365 U1]. Coupling frames are used to connect the transitions of adjacent cars with each other. For their coupling, they have hooks and grooves protruding beyond their plane, located so that when they are connected, the hooks of the frame of one car enter the grooves of the frame of the other. In addition, they include an elastic element located in a closed contour around the periphery of the end part of the frame, which serves to seal the joint between the frames.

During the operation of passenger rolling stock, it is sometimes required to connect a carriage equipped with a balloon passage with a carriage equipped with a pressurized passage. It is impossible to dock the two transitions directly, firstly, because of the different sizes of their contact perimeters, and secondly, because the protruding connecting hooks of the sealed transition will break through the relatively thin shell of the cylinders.

A device (hereinafter referred to as an adapter) for articulating a sealed transition with a balloon transition is known, made in the form of a flat U-shaped frame with wide vertical strips, one of the sides of which, intended for contact with the balloon transition, is smooth, and the other is equipped with means for fastening to the coupling frame tight transition, which are hooks and hooks [RU 2506184]. Such an adapter does not ensure the tightness of the passage when the train passes curved sections of the track. Since each of its bar contacts only one cylinder of the mating transition, the cylinder travel from the state "completely flattened" to "fully extended" is not enough to clear out the gap formed on the outside of the turn. Whereas from the inside of the turn, the balloon can be completely crushed until the metal surfaces of adjacent transitions close and even deform against each other.

Another disadvantage of the known adapter is its large mass, since its side strips have a significant width necessary to maintain tightness on straight sections of the track when the cylinders slide along them with transverse mutual displacements of the cars.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to create an adapter for connecting a balloon passage with a sealed passage, which would ensure the tightness of the passage for all possible (angular and transverse, vertical and horizontal) mutual displacements of the cars during the train movement.

The technical result of the present utility model is to ensure the tightness of the connection of the balloon inter-car passage with the sealed transition at any relative position of the cars, as well as to reduce the mass of the adapter.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known adapter for connecting a balloon inter-car passage with a sealed one, containing a frame, with a device for fastening a sealed transition with a coupling frame, said frame, on the side intended for contact with the balloon transition, additionally contains elastic sealing elements in in the form of profiles curved in cross-section, installed on its side and top strips with the convex side outward.

In addition, the sealing elements are hollow.

In addition, the sealing elements have a crescent profile in cross section.

In addition, on the concave side, the profile includes a straight section.

In addition, the adapter additionally contains decking sheets pivotally connected to its frame.

In addition, the adapter is collapsible.

Due to the installation of elastic sealing elements on the side and top slats of the adapter frame, made in the form of profiles bent in cross-section, facing with a convexity outward (from the strips), the tightness of the connection of the two transitions is ensured at any relative position of the cars, since these sealing elements are located in constant contact with the junction cylinders.

In addition, it reduces the weight of the adapter by reducing the width of the adapter frame slats.

Due to the hollow design of the sealing elements, the tightness of the transition is reliably ensured due to the equalization of the stiffness of these elements and the cylinders mating with them. It also extends the life of the cylinders, which do not undergo excessive deformation when cornering.

Thanks to the crescent profile of the sealing elements, the tightness of their connection with the cylinders is ensured at any turn or lateral displacement of the cars.

Due to the presence of a straight section on the inner side of the crescent profile, the durability of fastening the sealing elements to the adapter frame strips is increased.

Due to the presence in the composition of the adapter of decking sheets hinged to its frame, the safety of the passage through docked transitions of different structures is ensured.

Due to the implementation of the proposed adapter collapsible, it can be transported in the baggage sections of one or more wagons of the train and assembled, if necessary, at any station along the route.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view of the proposed adapter from the side intended for contact with the balloon transition.

FIG. 2 shows a horizontal cross-section of the pressurized and balloon transitions connected through the proposed adapter for the case when the longitudinal axes of the cars coincide.

In FIG. 3 shows a fragment of the proposed adapter, illustrating an embodiment of an elastic actuator.

In FIG. 3 shows a horizontal cross-section of the adapter section with an elastic sealing element made in the form of a solid plate.

FIG. 4 shows a horizontal cross-section of the sealed and balloon transitions connected through the proposed adapter for the case when the longitudinal axes of the cars are located at an angle when the train passes the curved section of the track.

FIG. 5 shows a horizontal cross-section of the sealed and balloon transitions connected through the proposed adapter for the case when, when passing a curve, the cars experience lateral displacement.

The proposed adapter consists of a flat frame 1 having means for connecting a sealed transition 3 to the coupling frame 2 (Figs. 1 and 2). Frame 1 may contain at least two side and top strips 4 and 5, respectively, located in the same plane (Fig. 1). It is preferable that the frame 1 also includes a lower bar 6 , to which hinged floor sheets 8 and 9 are connected through hinges 7 . In shape, each of the flooring sheets corresponds to the adjacent flooring sheet of the transition to which it faces, so that in the working position these sheets slightly overlap at any turns of the train. FIG. 1 the planking sheet 8 is shown in an elevated position and in FIG. 2, 4 and 5 - in the lowered position.

From the side intended for mating with this transition, the frame 1 is structurally made in the same way as the coupling frame 2 . It contains a device for connecting to the coupling frame 2 , including hooks 10 , made with the possibility of engaging with the hooks 11 of the coupling frame 2 when the handle 12 is turned towards the coupling frame 2 . Accordingly, the hooks 13 of the hitch frame 2 are configured to engage with the hooks 14 of the frame 1 when the handle 15 of the hitch frame 2 is turned. The joint of frames 1 and 2 is sealed with a sealing gasket, not shown in the drawings.

On the side intended for mating with the balloon transition 16 , elastic sealing elements 17 are attached to the side 4 and top 5 strips of the frame 1 , made in the form of bent cross-sectional profiles of an elastic material, such as rubber, facing outwardly from the frame 1 . The profiles can be made solid in cross-section, in the form of curved plates (Fig. 3). If the thickness of such profiles is close to the thickness of the balloons 18 of the balloon transition 16 (8 mm), then they flutter in the wind and do not provide tightness, and as the thickness increases, their mass and stiffness grow, which is undesirable. They are preferably hollow as shown in FIG. 1, 2, 4 and 5, since such a design makes it possible to achieve the coincidence of their elastic characteristics with the characteristics of the cylinders 18 of the balloon transition 16 that are mating and in constant contact with them. In addition, it helps to reduce their weight.

It has been experimentally established that the most reliable contact between the elastic sealing elements 17 and the cylinders 18 for all possible displacements and rotations of the cars 19 and 20 relative to each other is ensured when the elements 17 have a crescent-shaped cross-sectional profile facing the bulge towards the balloon transition, and the width of the profile exceeds the width of strips 4 and 5 . As shown in FIG. 3 and 4, this ensures smooth mutual rolling of the profiles of elements 17 and cylinders 18 without breaking the tightness of the contacts between them. Thanks to this design of elements 17, there is no need to use wide strips 4 and 5 . Their width can be the same as that of the strips of the coupling frame 2 , and therefore their mass turns out to be significantly less than that of the strips of the prototype.

To simplify and reduce the cost of manufacturing the frame 1, it is preferable that its strips have the simplest flat edge shape. Therefore, to increase the reliability of connecting the elements 16 with them, the latter should have a straight section 21 on the side facing the strips, that is, on the inner side of the crescent profile. This allows the load to be distributed over a larger area of the profile, which prevents it from breaking or pulling off the bar.

The need to articulate cars with different crossings usually arises far from the places where trains are formed, and therefore each train must have at least one adapter as a transportable inventory. For the convenience of its placement, it is desirable that it be collapsible. For this purpose, the adapter strips additionally include elements necessary for their connection in road conditions without the use of factory equipment or factory technological operations, for example, guide pins and tie bolts. Four slats, folded into one package, are placed in a cover and placed in the luggage compartment of the car.

To install the adapter, it is connected to the coupling frame 2 of the sealed passage 3 in the same way as if it was connected to the same coupling frame of the sealed passage of another car. Both handles 12 and 15 , which control the hitch hooks, face towards the transition 3 and are activated by the hitch located inside the transition 3 . Then the flooring sheet 8 is folded back (lowered), the cars are coupled, during which the elastic sealing elements 17 are pressed against the cylinders 18 , after which the flooring sheet 9 is folded back.

Claims (6)

1. An adapter for connecting a balloon inter-car transition with a sealed transition, containing a frame with a device for fastening with a coupling frame of a sealed transition, characterized in that the frame on the side intended for contact with the balloon transition additionally contains elastic sealing elements in the form of curved in cross-section profiles installed on its side and top strips with the convex side outward. 2. An adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing elements are hollow. 3. An adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing elements have a crescent profile in cross section. 4. An adapter according to claim 3, characterized in that the profile includes a straight section on the concave side. 5. The adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the adapter additionally comprises floor sheets pivotally connected to its frame. 6. The adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the adapter is collapsible.

Images