RU198022U1 - DEVICE FOR ANALYSIS OF INTENSIVE SEDIMENTS DROPS AND GAS CONTENT IN THE ATMOSPHERE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of measurement technology, namely, devices for remote measurement of the amount of precipitation of drops from clouds and vapor concentration in meteorology, as well as for analyzing the intensity of precipitation of drops, sprays and vapor content of two-phase emissions of fuel liquids (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, fuel oil, oil, liquefied natural gas or its volatile fractions) in environmental monitoring systems of fuel and energy facilities at remote distances. The technical result is to improve the technical characteristics of the device for analyzing intense precipitation of droplets and gas content in the atmosphere by analyzing the amount and intensity of precipitation of droplets from clouds and two-phase emissions of droplets, sprays, chaotic liquid fragments and vapors with the simultaneous determination of vapor-gas impurities in atmospheric air. To achieve this, a device is proposed for analyzing intense precipitation of droplets and gas content in the atmosphere, including a droplet precipitation accumulator, at the bottom of which there is a flat electric capacitor horizontally consisting of a lower sheet plate and an upper flat grid with a live section of rectangular cells of more than 90% and connected to the condenser’s electronic unit for measuring its electrical capacitance during the accumulation of droplet precipitation with the transmission of digitized data to a remote computer via twisted pair cable, while a gas analyzer with a gas flow inducer and a protective aerosol filter is connected to the sensor’s electronic unit to power it, registration and data transfer to a remote computer, and the droplet precipitation accumulator is made with thermal insulation. The droplet precipitation accumulator is made with screen-vacuum thermal insulation. 1 s.p. f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of measurement technology, namely, devices for remote measurement of the amount of precipitation of drops from clouds and vapor concentration in meteorology, as well as for analyzing the intensity of precipitation of drops, sprays and vapor content of two-phase emissions of fuel liquids (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, fuel oil, oil, liquefied natural gas or its volatile fractions) in environmental monitoring systems of fuel and energy facilities at remote distances.

State of the art

Known devices for determining the intensity of precipitation, realizing their collection in special containers and determining the volume or mass of precipitation per unit time (Sternzat M.S. Meteorological instruments and observations, L. D. Gidrometeoizdat, 1968, S. 166-172; I. V. Litvinov, Precipitation in the atmosphere and on the surface of the earth, Gidrometeoizdat, Moscow, 1980, 208 С). However, these devices do not allow you to quickly and remotely receive data of intense precipitation, as well as simultaneously measure precipitation and the content of water vapor and impurity gases in the atmosphere.

A device for determining precipitation intensity is known, which is an optical-acoustic-electronic device in which the number of precipitation drops is converted to the number of electrical pulses due to the interruption of the laser beam by the drops, as well as the sound signal using a membrane and microphone into an electrical signal (US Patent No. 3882381 ) Its disadvantage is the possibility of clouding of optics from precipitation, and also the inability to simultaneously determine the precipitation of drops, the content of water vapor or impurity gases of fuel liquids in the analyzed air.

Known radar devices for remote analysis of precipitation of droplets from clouds in the atmosphere, including a radar station for sensing the atmosphere at a distance of 80-100 km, connected to an automatic data processing unit, and a precipitation meter for its calibration (A.M. Borovikov, V. V. Kostarev, I.P. Mazin et al., Radar measurements of precipitation, Leningrad, Hydrometeorological publishing house, 1967, 139 C; I.V. Litvinov, Precipitation in the atmosphere and on the surface of the earth, Gidrometeoizdat, Moscow, 1980, 208 C) . Using the data obtained, the coefficients of correlation functions are found taking into account the type of cloudiness and type of precipitation, which are then used to analyze precipitation in the territory controlled by the radar. Their disadvantage is the presence of a “dead” radar zone in a radius of 15-30 km due to interference from local objects and the terrain, the difficulty of registering precipitation of less than 1 mm, and the inability to simultaneously analyze precipitation of drops and water vapor and fuel liquids in the atmosphere.

A known precipitation indicator comprising a measuring capacitor made in the form of a sectional winding with a distributed capacitance formed by two insulated conductors, signal processing units and a recorder (USSR Author's Certificate No. 607168). In the precipitation indicator, a change in the capacitance of a condenser under the influence of precipitation falling inside the winding is converted into a sequence of electrical pulses whose repetition rate is proportional to the intensity of the precipitation. However, this device is characterized by low accuracy in measuring precipitation intensity. This is because the intensity of precipitation is determined by both the number of drops per unit time and the size of the drops. In this device, the intensity of precipitation is determined only by a variable repetition rate of electrical pulses of equal duration. Therefore, the measurement result does not depend on the size of the droplets, which leads to the presence of significant errors. In addition, the device does not determine the content of water vapor and impurity gases in the analyzed air.

A precipitation indicator is known in the form of an electrodynamic logometer, comprising a first measuring capacitor open for free passage of precipitation through the space between the plates, which are made in the form of a sectional winding with a distributed capacitance formed by two insulated conductors, a second measuring capacitor identical to the first, but closed from penetration precipitation, and a unit for converting changes in the capacitance of the first measuring capacitor into an output signal (RF patent No. 2097797). Its disadvantage is not the ability to simultaneously determine the amount of precipitation and water vapor and other impurity gases in the analyzed air.

A known methane gas analyzer with a sensor module including a gas sensor, a board for pre-processing an analog signal, an amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, a microcontroller, and a secondary microprocessor that reads information from the output of the sensor module (RF patent No. 2321847). The disadvantage of this device is the inability to simultaneously analyze the impurities of gases and precipitation of droplets in the atmosphere.

Known gas analyzer of toxic, radioactive and combustible gases (RF patent for utility model No. 127928), containing a radioactivity sensor and a set of removable gas sensors located in the gas channel with an external heater to eliminate moisture condensation, an internal gas temperature meter, a dust filter at the gas inlet a channel at the outlet of which a gas flow inducer is installed, and an electronic module including power, interface, and external switching cards for power and control. Its disadvantage is the inability to simultaneously analyze the precipitation of droplets and gases in the air.

Known infrared gas analyzer (RF patent No. 2187093) for measuring the volume concentration of methane and other gaseous hydrocarbons, including an infrared optical sensor containing a housing with holes for the inlet and outlet of the analyzed gas, an infrared LED, interference filters to highlight the reference and working wavelengths of infrared radiation, a measuring gas cuvette located along the infrared radiation of the LED, infrared radiation photodetectors for the reference and working measuring channels installed behind it, an electronic module, with a signal amplifier, power stabilizer, microprocessor control and a communication board with external switching device, stabilized power supply, microprocessor control and interface with shaper of digital signals. Available in the form of a small-sized explosive gas measuring sensor MIPEX-02-X-X-X.1 (RX). Operation manual ESAT.413347.002 OM. Version 04.04.04.2017. 50 S. LLC "Optosens". Its disadvantage is the relatively large value of the response time τ ≈ 10 s, due to diffusion gas extraction into the measuring gas cell of the optical infrared sensor, and the inability to simultaneously analyze gas pollution of atmospheric air and precipitation of drops from clouds and two-phase emissions.

Known infrared gas analyzer (patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 191610), containing a cylindrical body, inside which there is an electronic unit and external communication board, and on its surface there is a connector for connecting external circuits and an infrared optical sensor with holes for input and output of the analyzed gas, a gas channel, consisting of coaxial inner and outer cylindrical pipes, the outer pipe being hermetically connected to the cylindrical body and a dust filter placed at its outlet, and the inner pipe coaxially and hermetically connected to the infrared optical sensor, an outside gas temperature meter is located at its end, outside a cylindrical electric furnace is installed in it, and inside it a porous metal filler, an aerosol filter, a stimulator of the flow of the analyzed gas through the openings for its inlet and outlet in the infrared optical sensor and a meter of its internal temperature are coaxially and sequentially located s, an additional control board for measuring the external and internal temperature of the analyzed gas, its flow rate stimulator and cylindrical electric furnace installed inside the cylindrical body. The disadvantage of this device is the impossibility of simultaneous analysis of water vapor, gas impurities and precipitation of droplets from clouds and two-phase emissions of droplets and vapor of fuel liquids in atmospheric air.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is a device for the analysis of intense precipitation of water droplets and fuel fluids from clouds and two-phase emissions in atmospheric air, described in article A.V. Zagnitko, I.D. Matsukov, D.Yu. Fedin, Analyzers of Intensive Precipitation of Drops of Fuel Fluids and Water, Journal of the Russian Federation, Instruments and Experimental Techniques, 2019, No. 4, p. 153-154 (prototype). The device contains a flat electric capacitor from the upper mesh and lower solid parallel plates of metal, located at the bottom of the dielectric storage of sediments in the form of a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, an electronic block of the capacitor for measuring its electrical capacitance during the accumulation of droplets and transmitting data of the twisted pair to a computer remote distance up to 1200 m. The live section of the rectangular cells of the mesh plate is more than 90% and is determined by the ratio of the area of the cells in the light to the entire area of the grid, expressed as a percentage in accordance with GOST 2715-75. The change in capacitor C with time t is proportional to the number V and / or the rate of filling of the interelectrode volume dV / dt with a weakly evaporating fuel fluid (kerosene, diesel fuel, low-viscosity fuel oil, light oil, etc.) with a dynamic viscosity η <15 mPa⋅s at a temperature of T = (15-50) ° C. Calibration of the capacitor allows you to determine the amount and intensity of precipitation of droplets with a response time of about 0.1 s.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to simultaneously analyze the vapor and precipitation of water droplets from clouds or two-phase emissions of gas impurities, droplets, splashes and chaotic fragments of fuel liquids such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, fuel oil, light oil, liquefied natural gas (LNG), etc. P. in the air.

The technical problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is the unification of the design of the device for the analysis of intense precipitation of droplets and the gas content in the atmosphere and the expansion of its functionality.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to improve the technical characteristics of a device for analyzing intense precipitation of droplets and gas content in the atmosphere by analyzing the amount and intensity of precipitation of droplets from clouds and two-phase emissions of droplets, sprays, chaotic liquid fragments and vapors with the simultaneous determination of vapor-gas impurities in atmospheric air.

To achieve a technical result, a device is proposed for analyzing intense precipitation of droplets and gas content in the atmosphere, including a droplet precipitation accumulator, at the bottom of which there is a flat electric capacitor horizontally, consisting of a lower sheet plate and an upper flat grid with a live section of rectangular cells of more than 90% and connected to the condenser’s electronic unit to measure its electrical capacitance during the accumulation of droplet precipitation with the transmission of digitized data to a remote computer via a twisted pair cable; at the same time, a gas analyzer with a gas flow inducer and a protective aerosol filter is connected to the sensor’s electronic unit to power it , registration and data transfer to a remote computer, and the droplet sediment storage is made with thermal insulation.

In addition, the droplet precipitation accumulator is made with screen-vacuum thermal insulation.

Creating a device for analyzing intense precipitation of droplets and gas content in the atmosphere, in which a flat rectangular or round electric capacitor is horizontally located at the bottom of the droplet accumulator with thermal insulation, consisting of a bottom sheet plate and an upper flat grid with a live section of rectangular cells of more than 90% and connected to the condenser’s electronic unit to measure its electrical capacitance during the accumulation of droplet precipitation with data transmission to a remote computer by twisted pair, as well as the location on the upper end of the precipitation accumulator of a gas analyzer with a gas flow inducer and a protective aerosol filter connected to the sensor electronic unit to supply it, recording and transmitting data to a remote computer, allows you to measure the amount and intensity of precipitation of drops from clouds and two-phase emissions of drops, splashes, chaotic fragments of water or fuel liquids with the simultaneous detection of the volume content of vapor-gas pairs s impurities, including water or fuel fluids in atmospheric air. Moreover, the creation of thermal insulation on the droplet precipitation accumulator allows to reduce heat transfer from air and / or from the earth’s surface and, thus, to reduce the evaporation rate of the collected precipitate of easily volatile liquids such as gasoline with a saturated vapor pressure of 300-500 mm Hg. at a temperature of up to 50 ° C from a precipitation accumulator. This allows you to improve the technical characteristics of the claimed utility model and expand its functionality compared to the device of the prototype.

The capacitance of a capacitor is measured by the generator method.

In the process of detecting methane and hydrocarbon vapors, an optical infrared sensor is used according to the RF patent No. 2187093 and the RF patent for utility model No. 191610.

When analyzing water vapor, a BME280 Environmental sensor combined humidity and air pressure sensor with a Bosch digital interface is used with a speed of about 1 s at a relative humidity (0-100)% and a temperature of -40 to + 85 ° С.

Finally, the creation of a droplet sediment accumulator with screen-vacuum thermal insulation reduces the radiant exchange of the collected liquid sediment with the environment. Radiation shielding is achieved due to the large number of layers of thin aluminum foil. The layers of foil are separated by glass paper. The entire package of insulating screens is placed in a vacuum with a pressure of no higher than (10 ^-4 -10 ^-5 ) mm Hg. The effective thermal conductivity of screen-vacuum thermal insulation reaches values of about 0.003 mW / (m⋅ ° С) and its use for cryogenic insulation allows to reduce the rate of evaporation of sediment of liquids such as volatile gasoline or LNG. This, also, allows to improve the technical characteristics of the claimed utility model and to expand its functionality compared to the device of the prototype.

For the safe analysis of explosive two-phase fuel fluid systems, the distance of the computer from the point of analysis of droplets and vapors is up to 1200 m.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The figure shows a schematic diagram of the claimed device for analysis of intense precipitation of droplets and gas content in the atmosphere, where:

1 - the upper mesh flat electrode of the capacitor;

2 - lower solid flat electrode of the capacitor;

3 - sediment droplets at the bottom of the electrode 2;

4 - droplet sediment accumulator in the form of a rectangular or round bath;

5 - thermal insulation drive 4;

6 - electronic block of the capacitor 13;

7 - gas analyzer;

8 - stimulator of the flow rate of the analyzed gas through the gas analyzer 7;

9 - aerosol filter gas analyzer 7;

10 - electronic block of the sensor;

11 - computer at a remote distance from the place of analysis of precipitation and vapor;

12 - end face of the droplet deposit accumulator, on which the gas analyzer 7 is fixed;

13 - electric capacitor, including electrodes 1 and 2; d (k) is the distance between the electrodes 1 and 2;

L is the distance the computer is removed from the place of analysis of precipitation and vapor;

Q (s) is the volumetric flow rate of the analyzed gas through the gas analyzer 7;

V is the amount of precipitation of droplets in the drive 4.

Utility Model Implementation

The figure shows a schematic diagram of the claimed device for analysis of intense precipitation of droplets and gas content in the atmosphere. The device contains a flat electric capacitor 13 of two mesh 1 and a solid 2 flat electrodes mounted horizontally on the bottom of the droplet precipitation accumulator in the form of a rectangular or round bath 4 of dielectric with thermal insulation 5. The lower electrode 2 of the capacitor is made of stainless steel sheet, and the upper one is made of rectangular stainless mesh with rectangular cells. The electrodes 1 and 2 are connected to the electronic unit 6 for measuring the capacitance of the capacitor 13, converting and transmitting the digital signal to the remote computer 11 via a twisted pair cable. At the end 12 of drive 4, a gas analyzer 7 is mounted, connected to the electronic unit of the sensor 10 for powering, recording, and transmitting data to a remote computer 11. The input of the analyzed flow Q (s) to the gas analyzer 7 is protected by an aerosol filter 9. The value of Q (s) is set by the inducer 8. When analyzing precipitation, the device is installed on the ground or on the mast at a height of 0.5 to 3 m.

To measure the amount and intensity of precipitation, the capacitor 13 is calibrated to establish the dependence of C on V at a fixed distance d (k) = (10-25) mm between the electrodes 1 and 2 for each fuel fluid. In this case, a weak dependence on its type was observed. This is due to the fact that summer and winter diesel fuel, gasoline, kerosene and low-viscosity fuel oil with η <15 mPa⋅s are characterized by high resistivity σ≈ (10 ¹¹ -10 ¹² ) Ohm⋅cm and close values of the relative relative permittivity ε≈ 2-2.5 (A.V. Zagnitko, I.D. Matsukov, D.Yu. Fedin, Analyzers of intense sedimentation of droplets of fuel liquids and water, Russian Journal, Instruments and experimental equipment, 2019, No. 4, p. 153- 154).

Outside the drive 4, thermal insulation 5 is installed to reduce heat transfer from air and from the ground. In the case of volatile kerosene or gasoline with a relatively high saturated vapor pressure> 50-100 mm Hg. as a heat insulator, a powdery material was used, for example, synthetic foam rubber with a thermal conductivity of about 0.002 W / (m С ° С).

When analyzing precipitation of droplets, splashes or fragments of LNG jets, screen-vacuum thermal insulation is used. Creating a droplet sediment storage device 4 with a screen-vacuum thermal insulation 5 allows to reduce the radiant exchange of the collected liquid sediment with the environment. Radiation shielding is achieved due to the large number of layers (up to 5-10) of thin aluminum foil. The layers of foil are separated by glass paper. The entire package of insulating screens is placed in a vacuum with a pressure of no higher than (10 ^-4 -10 ^-5 ) mm Hg. The effective thermal conductivity of the screen-vacuum thermal insulation reaches values of about 0.003 mW / (m⋅ ° С). Its use for cryogenic isolation makes it possible to increase the accuracy of measuring V by reducing the rate of evaporation of the sediment of volatile liquids such as LNG or its light fractions (propane, butane, etc.). The analysis of methane and regasified vapors of LNG is carried out by an infrared gas analyzer according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 191610, which is intended for their detection at low temperatures to -90 ° C.

The mesh electrode 1 is made of stainless, high-alloy wire woven mesh with a live section S (c) of its square cells of more than 90%. The value of S (c) is determined by the ratio of the area of the cells in the light to the entire area of the grid, expressed as a percentage according to GOST 2715-75.

To measure small values of the electric capacitance of capacitor 13 in the range C = 10-500 pF, the generator method is used (N.G. Farzane, L.V. Ilyasov, A.Yu. Azimzade, Technological measurements and instruments, M., Higher school , 1989, 456 C; Voith J. Capacitive sensors of non-electric quantities, Moscow, Energia, 1966, 160 C). The measured capacitance is the frequency-setting element of the generator. The timer EN 555 is chosen as a generator. The circuit is insensitive to parallel leakage resistance. Reliably measured change in capacitance is 0.03-0.05 pF. The zero frequency is 100-300 kHz. The microprocessor measures the frequency, processes the data and transmits it over a twisted pair cable to a remote computer, which is located from the place of precipitation collection and vapor analysis up to 1200 m. The polling period is about 0.1 second, and the generation resolution is about 100 pulses per 1 pF . Accordingly, the circuit is sensitive to a change in capacitance of 0.01 pF.

In the process of analyzing the precipitation of fuel droplets in the atmosphere and simultaneously detecting their vapors, an optical infrared sensor is used according to the RF patent No. 2187093 and an infrared gas analyzer according to the RF patent for utility model No. 191610.

When analyzing the precipitation of droplets and water vapor, a BME280 Environmental sensor with an digital interface, Bosch, with a speed of about 1 s at a relative humidity (0-100)% and a temperature of -40 to + 85 ° С is used.

For the safe analysis of explosive two-phase fuel fluid systems, the distance of the computer L from the point of analysis of droplets and vapors is up to 1200 m.

Thus, the technical result of the claimed utility model is achieved.

Example.

Analyzed in the atmosphere at a temperature of about (25-30) ° С and precipitation of drops, splashes and liquid fragments of sprayed aviation kerosene TS-1 with a density ρ = 0.8 g / cm ³ and a diameter of d≈50-10000 microns. Kerosene was dispersed by pulsed spraying with the formation of two-phase emissions of droplets, sprays, liquid fragments and vapors with a volume of more than 10 ⁴ m ³ in the atmosphere. At the same time, vaporous impurities of kerosene in the air were recorded. The remote computer was located at a distance of about 1000 m from the center of ejection. The signal from the computer was transmitted via fiber-optic cable to the head server for data collection and processing, remote at a distance of about 5000 m.

A flat electric capacitor 13 with a mesh upper 1 and a solid lower 2 rectangular stainless steel electrodes was installed at the bottom of a rectangular dielectric collector of 4 liquid droplets 3 with a volume of ≈60 liters and dimensions ≈ 40 × 62 × 27 cm (height, length and width, respectively ) The mesh electrode 1 was made of stainless mesh with a rectangular mesh size of 12 × 12 mm and a wire thickness of 1 mm. Their live section was about 91% and was determined by the ratio of the area of the cells in the light to the entire area of the grid, expressed as a percentage according to GOST 2715-75. The length of each electrode was 60 and the width was 25 cm with a surface area of S = 1500 cm ² . The distance between them d (k) = 13 mm. The electrodes were located horizontally parallel to the plane of the bottom of the collector 4. The measured initial value of the capacitor 13 without deposit was about 105.45 pF, and the calculated value by the formula of a flat capacitor was C = εε ₀ S / d (k) ≈ 102 pF, where ε≈1 - the dielectric constant of the capacitor without sediment and ε ₀ = 8.85 × 10 ^-12 F / m The formula for a flat capacitor is valid provided that d (k) / S ^0.5 << 1. For the selected geometry, the ratio d (k) / S ^0.5 ≈ 0.05.

In the process of measuring small values of capacitor 13 in the range of 10-500 pF, the generator method was used (N.G. Farzane, L.V. Ilyasov, A.Yu. Azimzade, Technological Measurements and Instruments, Moscow, Vysshaya Shkola, 1989, 456 C; Voith J. Capacitive sensors of non-electric quantities, Moscow, Energia, 1966, 160 C). The measured capacitance was the frequency-setting element of the generator. An EN 555 timer was used as a generator. The circuit was insensitive to parallel leakage resistance. For control in parallel with the measured capacitor, a resistance of 5.6 Mega was installed. The zero frequency was 100-300 kHz. The microprocessor measured the frequency, processed the data and transmitted them over twisted pair cable to a computer remote up to 1000 m. The signal from the computer was transmitted via fiber optic cable to the head server for data collection and processing, remote at a distance of about 5000 m. The computer program finally processed the data and wrote it to a file. The polling period of the device was about 0.1 s. The approximate generation resolution was about 100 pulses per 1 pF. Accordingly, the circuit is sensitive to a change in capacitance of 0.01 pF.

In the process of analysis of kerosene precipitation in the atmosphere, at the same time, the volume concentration of gas-vapor impurities of kerosene in the air was recorded using a pre-calibrated gas analyzer with an MIPEX optical infrared sensor with a response speed of τ <0.35 s according to the RF patent for the sensor and RF patent for useful Model of infrared gas analyzer No. 191610.

Synthetic foam rubber with a thermal conductivity of about 0.002 W / (m⋅ ° С) and a thickness of up to 40 mm was used as a heat insulator 5 of drive 4.

As a result, precipitation intensity and volume concentration of kerosene vapor were measured. The signal from the device located from the center of the ejection at a distance of 10 m was synchronized with the beginning of the process of spraying kerosene. It was shown that during the first (0.5–0.6) s more than 85% of the mass of precipitation fell with a maximum intensity of about 20 mm / s. At the same time, it was found that the vapor pressure of kerosene in the ejection at a measured temperature of about 30 ° C was significantly less than the pressure of its saturated vapors.

It is known that the chemical composition of kerosene varies depending on the method of preparation and type of oil. Therefore, the data on the evaporation rate and pressure of its saturated vapors are significantly different. To calculate the error in the amount of precipitation due to the evaporation of TS-1 kerosene, we measured the decrease in capacity C from time t at a constant temperature. As a result, the experimental value of the rate of ablation of kerosene from the flat surface of the condenser 13 was less than 0.1 g / (m ² .s) at T ≈ 38 ° С and the atmospheric wind speed up to 5-7 m / s. Thus, the relative error in measuring the amount of kerosene precipitation due to its evaporation from the storage ring 4 with thermal insulation 5 based on synthetic foam rubber was less than 0.01% during the analysis time of 20 s. In the absence of insulation 5, the average evaporation rate was significantly higher and amounted to about 1 g / (m ² ⋅ s) at T≈38 ° С and atmospheric wind speed up to 5-7 m / s.

Similar results were obtained with pulsed atomization of water in the atmosphere with the formation of two-phase emissions of droplets, sprays and its large liquid fragments in an atmosphere of more than 10 ⁴ m ³ . When analyzing water vapor, we used a BME280 Environmental sensor with an digital interface, Bosch with a speed of about 1 s at a relative humidity (0-100)% and a temperature of -40 to + 85 ° С.

As a result, the kinetics of precipitation intensity over time was measured and, at the same time, it was shown that the water vapor pressure in the discharge at the measured temperature (25-30) ° C was significantly less than the pressure of its saturated vapors.

Thus, a comparison of the characteristics of the claimed device for analyzing intense precipitation of droplets and gas content in the atmosphere with a prototype shows that through the use of a gas analyzer 7 and thermal insulation 5 of a precipitation accumulator 4, it is possible to simultaneously analyze precipitation of droplets, splashes and fragments of liquid and vapor in clouds and two-phase atmospheric emissions of water or fuel fluids. The prototype device does not allow simultaneous measurement of precipitation and volumetric concentration of impurity gases in the atmosphere, including easily volatile types of gasoline and liquefied natural gas.

Claims (2)

1. A device for analyzing intense precipitation of droplets in the atmosphere, including a droplet precipitation accumulator, at the bottom of which there is a flat electric capacitor horizontally, consisting of a lower sheet plate and an upper flat grid with a live section of rectangular cells of more than 90% and connected to a capacitor electronic unit for measurement its electric capacity during the accumulation of precipitation of droplets with the transmission of digitized data to a remote computer via twisted pair, characterized in that the accumulator of precipitation of droplets is made with thermal insulation. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the droplet precipitation accumulator is made with screen-vacuum thermal insulation.

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