RU197641U1 - DEVICE FOR RESTORING THE ABSENT CLINICAL CROWN OF PREMOLARS AND FRONT TEETH - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to orthopedic dentistry. The device for restoring the missing clinical crown of premolar and anterior teeth contains an all-metal pin insert with a cover structure, the insert is covered with ceramics by firing the necessary thickness and color to restore the shape, size of the missing clinical crown. the clinical crown of any of these teeth while maintaining its root at the level of the gums with a well-traveled canal. The manufacturing time of the prosthesis is reduced and makes it possible to prosthetics premolar and anterior teeth in the absence of a low (4 mm or less) clinical crown.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to orthopedic dentistry. It can be used for prosthetics of premolar teeth and anterior teeth with complete destruction of the natural clinical crown of any of these teeth while maintaining its root at the level of the gums with a well-traveled canal.

There are a large number of devices for restoring the missing clinical crown of the tooth and methods for their manufacture.

Pin tooth with a ring according to Richmond (Abolmasov N.G., Abolmasov N.N., V.A. Bychkov., A. Al-Hakim Orthopedic dentistry // MEDpress-inform M. 2013, - p. 198) this the design consists of a ring, a root root plate and a pin. It can be made if the crown part protrudes 2-3 mm above the gum. Measure the circumference of the root with a thin wire. Accordingly, a ring is made of a gold alloy of 900 samples, 0.25-0.28 mm thick, 4-4.5 mm high, to which a plate is soldered to obtain a cap. A hole is made at the root in the plate, through which a pin from a gold-platinum alloy is fitted, a cast is taken. They model the future metal bed for the facet from wax, cast it and solder it with a cap, grind the porcelain facet and attach a porcelain facet to the cap and metal bed or make a plastic lining. After that, the pin tooth is fitted and fixed. This pin tooth has the following disadvantages: fragility of the facing material; the technical complexity of manufacturing, the use of precious metals in the process of creating a pin tooth (a classic version of a pin tooth according to Richmond) significantly increases the cost of the prosthesis.

Known pin stump tab (Patent No. RU 51863 U1 A61C 13/30 dated 03.10.2006) made of metal, containing the crown and intra-root parts, interconnected, while the crown part is made in the form of a truncated cone, characterized in that the crown part is covered with a layer of opaque mass up to 0.1 mm thick, and the supporting surface of the crown part is covered with a layer of the shoulder mass, and the final portion of the crown part is covered with a layer of dentin-opaque mass, the color of the opaque, shoulder, dentin-opaque masses matches the color available in the oral cavity of the teeth . After that, an artificial crown is made of non-metal ceramics on a pin stump insert. This pin tab has the following disadvantages: technical complexity and production time, inability to use with a low clinical crown.

The following design was chosen as a prototype: stump crown, which consists of an artificial all-metal stump of the crown part of the tooth with a pin, which is then covered with a crown (metal, crown with veneer, ceramic crown, ceramic-metal crown, plastic crown) - orthopedic dentistry textbook, edited V.N.Kopeikina. M, 1988 - p. 157. This stump pin insert with a crown is still in great demand and is reliable. Disadvantages: at a low height of the tab, the covering artificial crown is often unfastened, to make a crown, additional impressions must be taken on the tab, the crown made and tried on, fixed on cement, i.e. the patient prosthetics time is extended, and the ceramic crown often breaks from the load, the price of work increases.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is aimed at simplifying the design of the device, reducing the time of prosthetics for patients and expanding indications (low clinical crown, etc.) for its use.

The essence of the utility model: a device for restoring the missing clinical crown of premolar and anterior teeth, containing an all-metal pin insert with a cover structure, the tab is covered with fired ceramics of the required color and thickness not exceeding 2 mm with restoration of the shape and size of the missing clinical crown, while the root part is sanded 0.2-0.3 mm below the gingival margin into the depth of the gingival trap at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the tooth.

A device for restoring an absent clinical crown of premolars and anterior teeth (a schematic image) consists of a metal cast cast stump pin tab (Fig. 1 - A, B, C), which is represented by a pin - 1 for fixing in the root canal - 2 and an artificial stump - 3. The artificial tooth stump - 3 (Fig. 1 - B, C) is covered with burnt ceramics - 4. The stump - 3 with ceramics - 4 completely restores the anatomical shape and dimensions of the missing clinical crown (Fig. 1 - B, C), while the thickness of the fired ceramic layer - 4 on the tab - 3 does not exceed 2 mm, otherwise the ceramic may be chipped, and sufficient from the point of view of aesthetics and strength.

The proposed device for restoring the missing clinical crown of premolar and anterior teeth is made as follows. The dentist-dentist fills the root canal of the tooth and subsequently creates a place for the pin. Next, the orthopedic dentist prepares (Fig. 1, A) the supragingival part - 5 tooth roots - 6, using a retraction thread so that it is lower than the gingival margin-7 in the lower jaw and above the gingival margin in the upper jaw by 0.2-0.3 mm, so that the stump - 3 with burnt ceramics - 4 is immersed under the gum by 0.2-0.3 mm in order to eliminate aesthetic defects. In this case, the root-root part of the tooth root is ground at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the tooth, to ensure tight contact of the tooth stump with ceramics and uniform transfer of chewing pressure to the tooth root.

The next clinical stage consists in fitting a standard plastic pin corresponding to the length and diameter of the root canal, removing the sandwich impression from the working jaw with silicone material, preference is given to a one-stage technique for removing a two-layer impression. Then the impression is taken from the teeth of the antagonists with alginate material, and the plaster model is cast. The metal pin cast structure can be made both from KHS (steel, etc.) for applying ceramic mass to the tab and firing ceramics. The dental technician models the pin and insert entirely from wax, so as to save space for future ceramics on the root of the stump of the pin insert so that the ceramics do not exceed a thickness of 2 mm, in order to prevent chips from breaking. Next, the wax structure is replaced by metal (KHS, etc.). Then the metal pin tab is fitted on the model and in the oral cavity. The color of the ceramic is determined. After that, the metal tab is prepared for applying the ceramic mass. The ceramic mass of the required color is applied to the tab and is fired in a vacuum oven. A device for restoring the missing clinical crown of premolars and anterior teeth is corrected by bite and is fixed on the tooth root with cement.

The device of our design was used for prosthetics of 20 premolars and front teeth of the upper and lower jaws in 10 patients, including 3 patients had low clinical crowns (4 mm or less). The treatment results are good.

Claims (1)

A device for restoring an absent clinical crown of premolars and anterior teeth, containing an all-metal pin insert with a cover structure, characterized in that the insert is covered with fired ceramic of the required color and thickness not exceeding 2 mm with restoration of the shape and size of the missing clinical crown, while the root part is sanded 0.2-0.3 mm below the gingival margin into the depth of the gingival groove at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the tooth root.

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