RU197406U1 - WATER TREATMENT ELECTROFLOTATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The electroflotator is designed to purify contaminated industrial wastewater from suspended solids, oils, oil products, cutting fluids, surfactants and can be used in mechanical engineering, instrument making, and construction industry enterprises. The wastewater treatment electroflotator comprises a housing 1 made in the form of a truncated cone with a bottom 15, equipped with nozzles for supplying the initial wastewater 12, for the removal of purified water 9 and for the removal of flotation foam 7, as well as electrodes 2, 3 inside the housing 1. The housing 1 is located smaller diameter at the top. The cathode 2 is installed equidistant to the housing 1 and is provided with rod protrusions 10. In the center of the housing 1, the anode 3 is coaxially mounted in the form of a rod. The rod projections 10 are staggered and have different lengths, and are also configured to supply an inhibitor. An inclined reflector 8 is made in the upper part of the housing 1 in front of the purified water outlet 9. The utility model improves the quality of liquid purification, ensures the explosion safety of the process and reduces energy consumption. 2 s.p. f-ly, 6 ill.

Description

The device is designed to purify contaminated industrial wastewater from suspended solids, oils, oil products, lubricating coolants (coolant), surface-active substances (surfactants) and can be used in mechanical engineering, instrument making, and enterprises in the construction industry.

Known devices for treating wastewater from suspended pollutants by flotation, one of the promising varieties of which is electroflotation. In the work of Kolesnikov V.A., Menshutina N.A. “Analysis, design of technologies and equipment for wastewater treatment”, M. Delhi Print. 2005 .-- 266 s, in Fig. 2.23, 2.24, 2.25 (p. 90, 91) describes the design of electroflotators and devices for removing foam. Flotation foam is removed by a conveyor driven by an electric motor.

A device is known according to copyright certificate No. 929584 (c02F l / 46) "Electroflotator", in which the casing, which is the anode, is made in the form of a cone expanding upward, with steps on the inner surface, and the cathode is made in the form of a central rod with longitudinal teeth. This device is taken by us as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows:

1. The upwardly expanding form of the housing 1, which is the anode and the shape of the cathode 7, forms an expanding conical channel in which the rising gas bubbles in the form of foam do not condense, but rather liquefy on the surface and the likelihood of flotation foam entering the drain pipe of purified water increases.

2. The pipe 3 for the removal of clean water is located in the area of the rising foam, which enters the clean water line and the quality of cleaning is deteriorated.

3. The main share of the gas during the electrolysis of water is hydrogen released at the cathode, because part of the water located in the central part of the apparatus is not subjected to the flotation process.

4. Hydrogen in a mixture with air, in a wide range of volumetric composition, is an explosive mixture, and to prevent it requires a powerful exhaust ventilation system with high energy consumption.

The technical result is to eliminate the noted deficiencies in order to improve the quality of cleaning. This problem is solved using an electroflotator for wastewater treatment, containing a housing made in the form of a truncated cone with a bottom, equipped with nozzles for supplying the initial wastewater, drainage of purified water and drainage of flotation foam, as well as electrodes inside the housing, in which there is a smaller diameter in the upper parts, the cathode is mounted equidistant to the housing and provided with rod protrusions, and in the center of the housing an anode in the form of a rod is coaxially mounted, while the rod protrusions are staggered and and eyut different lengths and are arranged to feed the inhibitor, the lower housing portion is formed inside the annular cathode inhibitor valve at the top of the housing before removing the purified water pipe is inclined reflector. In the upper part of the casing there is a cylindrical flotation foam chamber with a slotted inlet inhibitor, and in the lower part of the casing there is an inhibitor inlet fitting and the cathode rod protrusions are made in the form of perforated pipes or from porous material for supplying the inhibitor.

The proposed device is presented in FIG. 1 is a general view, a transverse section, FIG. 2 - section AA, FIG. 3 - scan of the cathode with the location of the rod, FIG. 4 - node 1 - cathode rods with perforation, Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a flotation foam chamber; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a slotted blower device.

The device is a conical shaped housing 1 with a vertical axis, the housing 1 is located with a large base down, and the upper smaller diameter of the housing has a cylindrical flotation foam chamber 5. The chamber 5 has a nozzle 4 for supplying an inhibitor 4, which is connected to the slotted blower 6. The chamber 5 in the diametrically opposite direction of the nozzle 4 has a nozzle 7 for removing flotation foam. Inside the housing 1 is a cathode 2, having the shape of a housing and having a gap between the housing 1. On the inner surface of the cathode 2 there are rods 10, made either in the form of hollow tubes with perforation holes 11, or in the form of porous rods.

In the central part of the housing 1, a cylindrical anode 3 is coaxially located. In the lower part of the housing 1, inside the cathode 2, there is an annular distributor of the inhibitor 13 with perforations and a nozzle for supplying the inhibitor 16. Below the annular distributor 13 is a nozzle for supplying the source waste water 12. Housing 1 in the lower part has a bottom bottom 15, equipped with a flushing pipe 14. In the upper part of the housing 1 there is a pipe for removing purified water 9, in front of which there is an inclined reflector 8.

The device operates as follows. The loaded wastewater enters the nozzle 12 and at the same time the voltage is supplied to the cathode 2 and the anode 3 from a power source (not shown). At the same time, the inhibitor begins to flow into the nozzle 16 and the nozzle 4. When voltage is applied to the electrodes 2 and 3 in the interelectrode space the electrolysis process begins, while gases are emitted on the electrodes made of insoluble materials: oxygen at the anode 3, and hydrogen at the cathode 2, with hydrogen accounting for most of the gas evolution. Hydrogen at the cathode is released due to the decomposition of water according to the following scheme:

H2O + e (-) - H (+) + OH (-)

H (+) + H (+) - H2

The resulting hydrogen bubbles have a high lifting force, and colliding with particles of pollution form a complex "bubble-pollutant", which float on the surface of the water. Hydrogen, which rises to the top in the form of flotation foam, can be destroyed and, when mixed with air, can form explosive mixtures in a wide range of volume concentrations (4% -85%). In order to exclude the formation of explosive air-hydrogen mixtures, inhibitory components are introduced into the interelectrode space, which react with hydrogen and form non-explosive complexes. The introduction of inhibitors not only reduces the formation of explosive mixtures, but also creates an additional flotation effect. The introduction of inhibitors through the perforations of the hollow cathode rods 10 increases the likelihood of the formation of non-explosive complexes directly in the zone of hydrogen formation on the cathode. The supply of the inhibitor through the annular distributor 13 and through the hollow cathode rods 10, having different lengths and staggered, contributes to a more complete saturation of the interelectrode space and the entire body volume with gas bubbles and improves the quality of cleaning. The location of the cathode rods 10 in a checkerboard pattern and of different lengths turbulizes the flow of water, gas bubbles collide with each other and with particles of pollutants and the degree of inhibition of hydrogen increases. Further, gas bubbles together with particles of pollutants in the form of a slurry rise upward, and the tapering conical shape of the housing 1 contributes to a denser packing of flotation foam. The presence of an inclined reflector 8 eliminates the ingress of rising bubbles with contaminants into the outlet pipe for purified water 9. The densified flotation foam enters the chamber 5, where an inhibitor is supplied through the nozzle 4 and the slotted blower 6. This jet of the inhibitor forms an injection of flotation foam into the nozzle 7. In addition, this inhibitor is an additional component for reacting with that part of hydrogen that has not reacted in the interelectrode space. In the lower bottom of the chamber 1 there is a pipe 14 for the implementation of the necessary scheduled flushing of the device.

Thus, the use of the proposed electroflotator for wastewater treatment can improve the quality of liquid purification, ensure the process explosion safety and reduce energy consumption.

Claims (3)

1. Electroflotator for wastewater treatment, comprising a housing made in the form of a truncated cone with a bottom, equipped with nozzles for supplying the original waste water, drainage of purified water and drainage of flotation foam, as well as electrodes inside the housing, characterized in that the housing is located with a smaller diameter in the upper parts, the cathode is mounted equidistant to the housing and provided with rod protrusions, and the anode in the form of a rod is coaxially mounted in the center of the housing, while the rod protrusions are staggered and have different lengths, and t kzhe arranged to feed the inhibitor, the lower housing portion is formed inside the annular cathode inhibitor valve at the top of the housing before removing the purified water pipe is formed inclined reflector. 2. Electroflotator for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the housing there is a cylindrical flotation foam chamber with a slit inlet of the inhibitor. 3. Electroflotator for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the housing there is an inlet fitting for the inhibitor, and the rod protrusions of the cathode are made in the form of pipes with perforation or from a porous material for supplying the inhibitor.

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