RU196890U1 - CONTROLLED DISCHARGE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of pulse technology, to the formation of pulses of currents and voltages, is a controllable discharger and can be used as a switch for capacitive energy storage devices. The controlled arrester contains a cathode and anode located in a sealed dielectric casing with a window for inputting focused laser control radiation. The anode is made in the form of a cylindrical glass, with an external flange facing the window, and the bottom toward the cathode. A through hole of a cylindrical shape with a diameter minimally sufficient for the laser beam to pass through and focus on the cathode surface is made in the bottom of the glass on the axis of symmetry of the spark gap. The cathode is made of VT1-0 alloy and has through holes. A plug is integrated in the housing from the side opposite the window. The internal volume of the body is filled with gas pressure from 10Pa to 10Pa. The technical result of the utility model is to reduce the time delays of the arrester. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of pulsed technology, to the formation of current and voltage pulses, namely, to controlled dischargers for switching currents, for use as capacitive switches of capacitive energy storage.

A vacuum discharger is known, including a sealed dielectric sheath containing a coaxial electrode system consisting of two electrodes, and an optically transparent window for inputting control focused pulsed optical radiation along the symmetry axis of the discharger, in which the sheath is made of corundum, each of the electrodes is made with a through hole for pass control radiation, the holes are located on the axis of symmetry of the spark gap, the control radiation is focused outside the interelectrode mezhutka on the inner surface of the sealed envelope, the envelope is evacuated until a residual gas pressure, providing electrical strength dial-up interval arrester. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 170782, IPC Н01Т 1/20, Н01Т 14/00, 05/11/2017. The disadvantage is the large time delays leading to the low speed of the arrester, which the device possesses, arising due to the remoteness of the cathode from the focus point of the optical radiation.

Known controlled vacuum spark gap containing a cathode made of VNB-3 alloy, and an anode located in a sealed dielectric casing with a window for inputting focused control laser radiation, while in the anode on the axis of the spark gap a hole is made of a cylindrical-cylindrical shape, while a cylinder of larger diameter faces the cathode and has sharp edges, and the diameter of the smaller cylinder is minimally sufficient for the laser beam to pass and focus on the cathode surface. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 183129, IPC Н01Т 14/00, H01J 17/64, 09/12/2018. This technical solution was made as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively large time delays leading to low speed arrester. The selected filling of the internal volume, as well as the design of the electrode system, does not fully limit the cathode material sprayed (when the device is triggered) and its deposition on the inner surface of the window for introducing laser radiation, as well as on the surface of the electrodes and the walls of the housing, which leads to the overlapping of the window atomized cathode material and breakdowns.

The objective and technical result of the utility model is to reduce the time delays of the arrester.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a controlled arrester containing a cathode and anode located in a sealed dielectric casing with a window for inputting focused laser radiation, the anode is made in the form of a cylindrical glass, with an external flange facing the window, and with the bottom facing the cathode, in the bottom cups on the axis of symmetry of the spark gap made a through hole of cylindrical shape with a diameter minimally sufficient for the laser beam to pass and focus on the cathode surface; the cathode is made of VT 1-0 alloy and has through holes; in the case from the side opposite to the window, a plug is integrated; the internal volume of the body is filled with gas pressure from 10 ³ PA to 10 ⁶ PA.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a cross section of a spark gap, where:

1 - case ring;

2 - case ring;

3 - case ring;

4 - window;

5 - anode;

6 - cathode;

7 - stennel;

8 - focusing system;

9 - laser.

The controlled arrester consists of a sealed enclosure and an electrode system located in it. The housing includes housing rings 1, 2, 3 made, for example, of alumina ceramics, and a window for inputting focused optical radiation 4. An anode 5 is located in the housing, made of refractory metal or alloy, for example, VT 1-0, cathode 6, made from a refractory metal or alloy, for example, VT1-0, and a plug 7 made of metal or alloy, for example, AMts. The cathode has openings sufficient for gas to pass from the volume between the plug and the cathode into the volume between the cathode and the anode. The anode is made in the form of a cylindrical glass, the outer flange is facing the window, and the bottom is facing the cathode, a through hole is made in the bottom of the glass on the axis of symmetry of the spark gap, the diameter of the hole is minimally sufficient for the laser beam 9 focused on the cathode surface to pass through the system. In this case, the internal volume is filled with a gas pressure of 10 ³ Pa to 10 ⁶ Pa, for example, nitrogen.

The arrester operates as follows.

The pulsed optical radiation emitted by the laser, passing through the focusing system, the window of the sealed housing and the anode, is focused on the surface of the cathode, which leads to melting and evaporation of the cathode material. By ensuring the minimum distance between the sharp edge obtained by making a through hole in the anode and the focus area of the laser radiation on the cathode surface, an increase in the electric field strength in the focusing zone is provided, which helps to reduce the minimum operating voltage. The resulting conductive medium closes the gap between the anode and cathode, causes the switching of a current pulse. Due to the filling of the housing with gas, for example, nitrogen, at a pressure of 10 ³ Pa to 10 ⁶ Pa, the atoms and ions of the eroded cathode material, unlike the prototype, are repeatedly scattered by gas molecules, which in turn leads to ion recombination and a decrease in the adhesion energy particles on the inner surface of the window. The use of a cathode made of an alloy based on VT1-0 titanium, due to its getter properties, also makes it possible to achieve a more uniform gas composition in the internal volume of the housing, which helps to stabilize the operating parameters of the spark gap. Thus, the above design features can reduce time delays, thereby increasing the speed of the arrester, while it is possible to use lower laser radiation energy for initiation.

Claims (1)

A controlled arrester containing a cathode and anode located in a sealed dielectric casing with a window for inputting focused control laser radiation, characterized in that the anode is made in the form of a cylindrical glass, with an external flange facing the window, and with the bottom facing the cathode, in the bottom of the glass on the axis symmetry of the spark gap, a through hole of a cylindrical shape is made with a diameter minimally sufficient for the laser beam to pass and focus on the cathode surface; the cathode is made of VT1-0 alloy and has through holes; in the case from the side opposite to the window, a plug is integrated; the internal volume of the body is filled with gas pressure from 10 ³ PA to 10 ⁶ PA.

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