RU195674U1 - Continuous feed biogas reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, to plants for processing waste from livestock and plant growing substrate under conditions of anaerobic digestion, and can be used in agricultural enterprises for the production of biogas and organic fertilizers. The biogas reactor for continuous loading of raw materials makes it possible to increase the efficiency of biogas and organic fertilizer production due to mixing paddles and temperature sensors, which ensure uniform distribution of the solid phase of the substrate throughout the reactor volume and control the temperature of the substrate during fermentation. 1 silt

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, to plants for processing waste from livestock and plant growing substrate under conditions of anaerobic digestion, and can be used in agricultural enterprises for the production of biogas and organic fertilizers.

Known storage digester [RU 2107043 C1, C02F 11/04, (1995.01), 03/20/1998], comprising a housing divided by partitions into chambers of acidic, neutral, alkaline and methane fermentation, communicated with one another through windows for passage of the substrate and having gas cavities in the upper part, mixing devices installed in the chambers in the form of a shaft with blades, loading and unloading devices and means for removing biogas in the form of a hydraulic shutter installed on the nozzle for removing biogas.

The disadvantage of this digester is its low efficiency, caused by the lack of control and maintenance of the temperature of the substrate during fermentation.

A known system for the removal, processing and disposal of liquid manure [RU 2374814 C1, А01С 3/00 (2006.01), 12/10/2009], consisting of a scraper conveyor, a channel, pumps, two digesters, a hopper, a storage, a unit for collecting manure from the storage. In the upper part of the digester reactors, nozzles for crushing the crust of manure due to the liquid fraction are installed on the frame.

The disadvantage of this system is the lack of control and maintenance of the temperature of the substrate during fermentation.

A device for mixing a substrate in an anaerobic digestion reactor of organic waste is known, comprising an external drive and a vertical shaft with a submersible mixer fixed in the reactor working volume [RU 68919 U1, B01F 7/00 (2006.01), C12M 1/00 (2006.01), 12/10/2007 ].

A feature of the known device is that it additionally contains means for heating the substrate, made in the form of at least two pipelines attached to the power element of the submersible mixer with the possibility of supplying hot water to them through a rotating collector through channels inside a vertical shaft, wherein the power element is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral placed at a distance from the inner surface of the reactor, and pipelines for supplying hot water are attached from opposite sides it to a power element for generating submersible stirrer as it rotates volumetric circulation substrate. The vertical casing of such a reactor has a conical upper and lower parts, contributing to the limitation of the volume of the floating crust and good removal of sludge.

A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of control and maintenance of the temperature of the substrate during fermentation.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of production of biogas and organic fertilizers due to the uniform distribution of the solid phase of the substrate throughout the reactor volume and control the temperature of the substrate during fermentation.

This is achieved by the fact that in a biogas reactor of continuous loading of raw materials containing a container divided into chambers with mixing devices; thermal insulation, heating elements, temperature sensors, the capacity is divided into four horizontal chambers in which temperature sensors are installed in the middle of each chamber, two heating elements are installed on the sides in the upper chamber, and in the remaining chambers in the upper part in the middle, one heating element is installed . To effectively separate gas from biomass in a multi-chamber biogas continuous feed reactor, the upper chamber has a volume equal to the sum of the volumes of the lower chambers.

The utility model is illustrated by the drawing: in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a multi-chamber biogas continuous feed reactor.

The biogas reactor for continuous loading of raw materials contains a tank 1, which is divided into four horizontal chambers, where the lower chambers I, II, and III can have equal volumes, and the volume of the upper IV chamber is equal to the sum of the volumes of the lower chambers. Each chamber is equipped with thermal insulation 2, heating elements 3: in the I-III chamber in the upper part in the middle, one heating element 3 is installed, in the IV chamber - two heating elements 3 are installed on the sides of the chamber. At the bottom of each chamber, in the center, an electric drive 4 is installed, on which mixing devices are fixed, as blades — stirrers 5. The information and power cables that are laid in the cable channels 6 are connected to the heating elements 3 and the electric drives 4. The tanks 1 are made openings for compressors to ensure biomass movement: in the lower part of the first chamber I, a hole with a compressor 7 for pumping the mass from the supply tank into the reactor; in the side of the IV chamber, an opening with a compressor for pumping the spent raw materials into the fertilizer tank 8; in the upper part of the IV chamber there is an opening with a compressor for pumping biogas into the gas tank 9. Temperature chambers 10 are also installed in the chambers.

The proposed biogas reactor for continuous loading of raw materials is as follows. From the bottom opening with compressor 7, the biomass is loaded into the tank 1 and advanced up the chambers. In each chamber, the biomass is mixed with stirring blades 5, which are driven by an electric drive 4, which is fed through power cables that are installed in the cable channels 6. Maintenance and temperature control is provided by heating elements 3, thermal insulation 2 and temperature sensors 10. As a result, fermentation. At the end of the digestion cycle, the spent substrate is pumped into the hole for draining the spent raw materials into the fertilizer tank 8. The biogas extracted is carried out using the hole with the compressor, where the biogas is pumped into the gas tank 9. Due to the reduction of the agitator blades in the later stages of fermentation, intensive mixing is carried out to destroy connections between bacteria. Mix the substrate periodically, with a specific cycle, frequency and intensity.

Thus, the use of the utility model makes it possible to increase the production efficiency of biogas and organic fertilizers due to agitator blades and temperature sensors, which ensure uniform distribution of the solid phase of the substrate throughout the reactor volume and control the temperature of the substrate during fermentation.

Sources of information

1. RU 2107043 C1, C02F 11/04, (1995.01), 03.20.1998.

2. RU 2374814 C1, A01C 3/00 (2006.01), 12/10/2009.

3. RU 68919 U1, B01F 7/00 (2006.01), C12M 1/00 (2006.01), 12/10/2007.

Claims (1)

A biogas reactor for continuous loading of raw materials containing a tank divided into chambers with mixing devices, thermal insulation, heating elements, temperature sensors, characterized in that the tank is divided into four horizontal chambers in which temperature sensors are installed in the middle of each chamber, two heating elements installed on the sides in the upper chamber, and in the remaining chambers in the upper part in the middle, one heating element is installed.

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