RU195588U1 - DEVICE FOR FORMING PEAT MATERIALS IN TUBULAR PIECES - Google Patents

Abstract

A useful model for molding peat raw materials into tubular pieces relates to the screw press equipment of the peat industry and can be used in the extraction of peat raw materials by the quarry method. Peat raw materials are fed into the compression, compaction zone and, falling into the gauge zone of the matrix, are formed between the matrix and the rotating elongated screw into a tubular piece, which breaks off at the exit of the matrix under the action of its own weight, and accompanied by a spring-loaded stacker, is installed in a vertical position in the drying box.

Description

A useful model for molding peat raw materials into tubular pieces relates to the screw press equipment of the peat industry and can be used in the extraction of peat raw materials with molding into tubular peat pieces.

A device for molding peat raw materials is known (copyright certificate SU No. 1283395, published January 15, 1987), consisting of a milling cutter, a molding press with mouthpieces and a stacker.

The disadvantage of this device is the narrow calibration zone, which leads to high energy costs for forming pieces and the formation of plugs at the outlet of the mouthpiece.

A device for forming peat raw materials is known (copyright certificate SU No. 1146454, 03/23/1985), including a housing in which a screw, a multi-arm mouthpiece, an intermediate chamber and a cleaner are located. The cleaner is made in the form of a U-shaped frame mounted in the intermediate chamber by means of axles with the possibility of rotation, and the intermediate chamber is made in cross section in the form of a half-cylinder, where the longitudinal side of the U-shaped frame faces the intermediate chamber.

The disadvantages of the known device include an inappropriate calibrating zone and a compression zone for producing tubular peat pieces, due to the low compressive force, leading to low strength of the formed peat pieces, which are destroyed when the machine falls from the mouthpiece on the drying field.

A known machine for the extraction of lump peat (patent RU No. 139116, 04/10/2014), comprising a support, a housing, a cylindrical gearbox, a disk mill with a guiding casing and a shield, a bevel gearbox, an adjustable housing, an insert, an expander, a straight-through former equipped with mouthpieces and trays, sealing roller.

The disadvantage of this machine is that when excavating peat raw materials with a disk mill, chips are wrapped around the mill with its subsequent entry into the former and plugs are formed at the exit. There is a need to stop such a machine and to clean the mouthpiece and mill streams, thereby reducing the performance of this device.

A known method of forming long hollow products from powder and plasticized masses and a device for its implementation (options) (patent RU No. 2492965, published 12.03.2012), consisting of an extruder and a forming nozzle, including a die, a mandrel and a mandrel mounting unit inside the matrix with located on the mandrel one or more rows of profiled deforming elements, the plane of symmetry of which are located at angles a from 0 to 45 ° to the axis of the mandrel, rows located on the working surfaces of the matrix and mandrel at the same distance from the attachment point or with a linear offset relative to each other along the axis of the mandrel no more than 3/2 of their length, form at least one pair of rows, while in each pair of rows the deforming elements are located with the same and uniform angular pitch and the circumferential displacement of the deforming elements of the matrix relative to the deforming elements of the mandrel to half the circumferential pitch or without circumferential displacement, and in each row, the distances from the profiled deforming elements to the attachment point of the mandrel along its axis are the same.

A disadvantage of the known device is a narrow calibration zone, which leads to high energy costs for molding pieces, aimed only at achieving increased physical and mechanical properties of the molded pieces, which are not required when molding peat tubular pieces.

A known device for molding raw peat (copyright certificate SU No. 1574816, published 30.06.1990), adopted as a prototype containing a casing with a loading hopper, a molding device and a drive. A core is installed in the casing with an internal screw blade wound on it and an additional external screw blade having the opposite direction of the spiral turns and a larger pitch than the internal screw blade.

The disadvantage of this device is the short compression zone of peat raw materials, which leads to low strength agglomerated peat products.

The technical result is to simplify the design of the auger molding machine, to facilitate the exit of the molded piece from the matrix and to ensure the vertical location of the piece on the drying field.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the compression casing is made in the form of a truncated cone and is rigidly connected to a calibrating casing in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the inner wall of which, at the exit from the calibration zone, a reverse beet is machined, in the form of an expanding cone with a full opening angle of two degrees, a spring-loaded stacker in the form of a groove of cylindrical section is installed on the output end of the calibrating casing, the press screw is made with an elongated shaft in the form of a cylinder, at the end of which there are grooved steps with threads akruchivaetsya plug of spherical shape, which exits the sizing housing, while the discharge from the casing on a shaft mounted elongate auger screw, the spiral part of which ends at the beginning of the compression housing, wherein between the inner wall of the blower housing part and a helical screw is formed lowest possible technological gap.

The device is illustrated by the following figure: FIG. 1 is a general diagram of a device, where:

1 - discharge casing;

2 - casing compression;

3 - calibrating casing;

4 - reverse booklet;

5 - spring loaded stacker;

6 - elongated screw;

7 - spherical plug;

8 - screw elongated auger.

The device consists of a discharge casing 1 (Fig. 1), made in the form of a hollow cylinder, at the end of which a flange connection is made, which is rigidly connected to the flange connection by bolts of nuts and washers with the compression casing 2. The compression casing 2 is made in the form of a truncated cone, at the end of which a flange connection, which is rigidly connected to the flange connection by means of bolts of nuts and washers with a calibrating casing 3. The calibrating casing 3 is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the inner wall of which, at the exit of the zone calibration, the reverse booklet 4 is machined, in the form of an expanding cone with a full opening angle of two degrees. At the end of the calibrating casing 3, a flange is installed, the bottom of which is rigidly fixed, by means of bolts of nuts and washers, a spring-loaded stacker 5 in the form of a groove of cylindrical section.

Inside the former is fixed to the electric motor by means of a coupling (not shown in Fig.) A screw with an elongated shaft 6 made in the form of a cylinder, at the end of which steps with a thread are machined, onto which a ball-shaped tube 7 is screwed, which leaves the calibrating casing 3. In this case, the external the diameter of the ball-shaped plug 7 is equal to the outer diameter of the end of the elongated screw shaft 6. Between the calibrating casing 3 and the elongated screw shaft 6 a gap is formed equal to half the diameter of the elongated screw screw 6 to form thick walls wall on a tubular peat piece during its formation. From the side of the discharge casing 1, a screw 8 is screwed and welded on the shaft of the elongated screw 6, the spiral part of which ends at the beginning of the compression casing 2, while the smallest possible technological gap is formed between the inner wall of the discharge casing 1 and the spiral part of the screw 8.

The device operates as follows. Peat raw materials are loaded into the mold hopper loading bucket of the excavator. By means of an electric motor, the shaft of the elongated screw 6 is rotated. Using the rotary shaft of the elongated screw 6, a screw 8, the spiral part of which feeds peat raw materials located in the cavities between the pressure casing 1 and the spiral part of the screw 8, into the compression casing 2, where the peat raw material is compacted and pressed into the calibrating casing 3. Then, using the inner surface of the calibrating casing 3 and the elongated shaft of the screw 4, the peat raw material coming from the compression casing 2 is formed into a peat piece of tubular shape, which freely leaves from the former due to the reverse bead 8, made in the form of an expanding casing with a full opening angle of 2 degrees into the calibration casing 3. The spherical plug 7 on the shaft of the elongated screw 6 allows the inner surface of the piece to not be destroyed during breaking. When breaking off the piece is accompanied by a spring-loaded stacker 5, which deviates under the action of the force of the weight of the piece and helps the piece to stand upright on the drying field. After installing the piece stacker 5 is returned to its original position.

With the help of a former, peat raw materials are formed into tubular pieces, which are located on the drying field in an upright position, which have relatively little contact with a moist base and have an increased area of convective heat input produced by the action of air masses. Thus, the molded peat pieces using the inventive shaper significantly accelerate the drying process, which contributes to the rapid collection of peat crops and increase the amount of production.

Claims (1)

A device for molding peat raw materials into tubular pieces, including a casing with a loading hopper, a forming device, a core with a screw blade wound thereon and a drive, characterized in that the compression casing is made in the form of a truncated cone and is rigidly connected to a calibrating casing in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the inner wall of which, at the exit from the calibration zone, a reverse booklet is machined in the form of an expanding cone with a full opening angle of two degrees, a spring-loaded stacker is installed at the output end of the calibration casing k in the form of a groove of cylindrical cross section, the press screw is made with an elongated shaft in the form of a cylinder, at the end of which steps with a thread are machined, onto which a ball-shaped stopper is screwed, which leaves the calibrating casing, and a screw is installed on the side of the pressure casing on the shaft of the elongated screw, the spiral part of which ends at the beginning of the compression casing, while the smallest possible technological gap is formed between the inner wall of the discharge casing and the spiral part of the screw.

Images