RU193587U1 - Jackknife - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to manual cutting tools, in particular to the design of folding knives mainly for household purposes. The folding knife contains a blade 1, which is pivotally attached to the lock die 2. Blade 1 and lock die 2 are mounted on an axial sleeve 3, which has a flange 4, interacting with a locking die 2, the latter has an opening for the shaft of the axial sleeve 3. On both sides of the blade 1, washers 5 and 6 are installed on the axial sleeve 3, made of antifriction elastically deformable material, which th it is preferable to use composite fluoroplastic having a compressive modulus of at least 800 MPa. A tightening screw 7 is screwed into the axial sleeve 3, the head of which is facing the patch plate 8. The patch plate 8 is detachably attached to the lock plate 2, forming a handle, a spacer 11 (backspacer) can be installed in the gap between the plates 2 and 8, which is located in the upper part handles. The blade 1 is equipped with a pin 9, which serves as a stop and restricts the stroke. A liner 10 (a fixing strip) is installed on the lock ram 2, which is located at the bottom of the lock ram 2. The patch plate 8 has holes for the fastening screws 12, through which the patch plate 8 is connected to the lock ram 2 having mating holes 13. Additionally, the axial sleeve 3 and the lock die 2 can be made with a tight fit, which can be realized by pressing 14, which provides the connection of the axial sleeve 3 and the lock plate 2 of the preload. Additionally, the tightening screw 7 can be equipped with a centering 15, which increases the accuracy of landing and the reliability of the swivel joint. The technical result is a simplified assembly and increased durability due to more efficient compensation of lateral and torsional forces on the blade, maintainability. 7 c.p. f-ly, 8 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to manual cutting tools, in particular to the design of folding knives mainly for household purposes.

Known tourist folding knife containing a blade and a handle connected with the possibility of folding-unfolding by rotation relative to the axial sleeve fixed in the handle, and fixation in the working position, and on the inner side of the handle is made a segmented leading groove with a fixing part, and a pin is fixed in it , at the same time, a frame is pressed onto the pin from the outside of the blade, in the axial groove of which an axial sleeve is placed (patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation No. 180255, publ. 07.06.2018).

Also known is a folding knife containing a blade with a thrust roller and a sample, a bolt with an axis fixed between the right side plate and the left side plate, and a coil spring. On one side of the bolt axis, a thread is cut and a recess is made for the coil spring. The knife is equipped with bushings, one of which is threaded for screwing on the bolt axis and is located in the left side plate, the other sleeve in the right side plate. The spiral spring is fixed at one end in the left side plate, the second in the shutter, made with a radial part, and in the sample on the blade and on the radial part of the shutter the same oblique sections are made at an angle of 3-15 degrees (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2634814, publ. November 3, 2017).

As a result of patent research, the following technical solutions were identified that are relevant to this topic and were taken into account by the applicant when analyzing and identifying a combination of essential features: PCT / US2018 / 047776, CN 208409928, EP 2663430, US 14759216.

The closest technical solution chosen by the applicant as a prototype is a folding knife containing a blade pivotally connected to a handle consisting of two dies, moreover, the blade and one handle die are mounted on an axial sleeve, to which the washer is adjacent on one side, in the axial sleeve a locking screw is installed, which tightens two dies of the handle with the blade, the latter has the ability to lock in the working position (US 14197120, publ. 04.09.2014.).

In a known design, the blade is pulled together by two dies of the handle, this reduces the durability of the knife. Since with frequent use, opening and closing, with lateral and torsional forces on the blade, a gradual wear of a number of parts occurs, and the mechanism becomes dirty. As a result, periodic maintenance and adjustment is required, but when adjusting and pulling the dies, the parallelism of the rubbing surfaces is violated, which entails a number of negative consequences: increased wear of a number of parts, the backlash of the blade relative to the handle, which can also lead to a decrease in the reliability of fixing the blade, as in the open and closed position. When assembling such a folding knife, high accuracy of the settings for tightening two dies is required to ensure the necessary easy travel of the blade in the absence of backlash and, as a result, the most accurate manufacturing of structural parts and finish fitting is necessary to ensure parallelness of the friction surfaces of the blade and antifriction elements, the gaps between the blade and dies. This leads to increased labor costs and an increase in the number of specialized workers for assembling a high-quality folding knife, complicates its adjustment, maintenance or repair during operation.

The technical task of the claimed utility model is to simplify the assembly of the knife while increasing its durability during operation.

Achievable technical result is simplification of assembly and increased durability of folding knives due to more effective compensation of lateral and twisting forces on the blade, improved maintainability.

An additional technical result is the ability to manually adjust the swivel when wearing or replacing anti-friction washers with long-term preservation of the parallelism of the friction surfaces and the adjustment of the blade stroke in a fairly wide range without backlash.

The technical problem is achieved by declaring a folding knife containing a blade pivotally connected to the handle by means of an axial sleeve with a flange, a tightening screw with a head and washers, and made with the possibility of fixation in the working position, while the handle is made up of a lock die and an overlay die detachably attached to the lock die with the formation of a gap between them to move the blade, characterized in that the flange of the axial sleeve interacts with the surface of the lock die, on the axial sleeve set ene additional washer, said washer made of antifriction elastically-deformable material and installed on the axial sleeve on both sides of the blade.

The washers interacting with the surfaces of the blade on the right and left sides are made of antifriction elastically deformable material with an elastic deformation modulus under compression of at least 800 MPa. As antifriction elastically deformable material, modified polytetrafluoroethylene can be used, for example, composite fluoroplastic of the F4K15M5 brand or the Fluvis series, which are characterized by high wear resistance, low friction coefficient without lubrication, chemical resistance, the required modulus of elastic deformation and almost complete absence of wear of the mating surface .

The handle has a second die, which is detachably attached to the surface of the lock die and acts as an overlay element (overlay die). The detachable fastening of the patch plate to the lock die can be carried out by any known means with the formation of a gap necessary for the free movement of the blade. The attachment of the patch die to the lock die can be performed, for example, by means of threaded screws and inserts between the dies (backspace or bonok), which provide reliable mutual fixation of the dies taking into account the size of the gap required for the free movement of the blade. The clearance when collecting the knife is set taking into account the possible wear of the washers and the exclusion of the possibility of the blade touching the dies. Moreover, if the gap between the invoice and the lock dies is exceeded, this does not affect the normal operation of the folding knife, because the blade through the hinge is cantilevered only to the lock die, forming a single structure, and the free movement of the blade is carried out around the sleeve, which is part of the hinge. In case of partial wear of the washers (the appearance of play), the normal operation of the folding knife is restored by adjusting the tightening screw by pressing the washers in a fairly wide range without play, while only the patch plate is dismantled for adjustment and no detailed analysis of the knife is required.

The flange of the axial sleeve on one side can interact with the outer side of the lock die, and this interaction can be carried out both by placing the flange beyond the boundaries of the outer surface of the lock die, and by placing the flange to the depth of sampling. The flange of the axial sleeve can be placed in such a way that it interacts with the inner surface of the lock die, and this interaction can be carried out by interacting the surface of the flange with the inner surface of the lock die to the depth of the sample, taking into account the thickness of the washers and the desired clearance between the blade and the die.

The tightening screw interacts with its core with the internal cavity of the axial sleeve, and its head interacts with the washer, which, in turn, interacts with the surface of the blade. On the inside of the patch plate, a selection was made under the head of the tightening screw.

Additionally, the folding knife is equipped with a liner located in the lower part of the lock die, which is made in the form of a spring-loaded fixing plate, which reliably fixes the blade in the open position and prevents the risk of accidentally closing and opening the knife.

When combining the lock die and the overhead die and fastening them to each other by means of fasteners, the folding knife is additionally equipped with a back-spacer, which is a spacer in the gap formed between the dies in the upper part of the handle.

The blade is equipped with a pin that serves as a stop and is designed to limit the path of movement of the blade.

Additionally, to increase the reliability of the knife and the longevity of its operation, the hinged connection of the inventive folding knife may contain a centralizer for transition landing for a tightening screw. The lock die may further comprise a retaining plate, a pre-fitting or thread, and other additional elements.

The inventive design of a folding knife in the process of its manufacture provides easy assembly, and during operation, maintainability and durability.

Comparison of the claimed technical solution with the prototype shows that it differs in the following features:

- the swivel connection of the blade is made to only one die, performing the function of a lock die, while the blade is attached to the lock die by means of a tightening screw;

- the axial sleeve on one side has a flange that interacts with the surface of the lock die;

- an additional washer is mounted on the axial sleeve, which interacts with the surface of the blade in such a way that the washers mounted on the axial sleeve are placed on the left and right sides of the blade;

- handle dies are detachably connected to each other;

- the washers are made of antifriction elastically deformable material.

Therefore, we can assume that the claimed utility model meets the criterion of "novelty."

The utility model can be implemented using known technical means, and assembled by methods known in the art. Therefore, it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Figure 1 shows the inventive folding knife in an unassembled form with the blade open;

figure 2 schematically shows the hinge of the folding knife Assembly for example when the flange of the axial sleeve interacts with the outer surface of the locking die;

figure 3- the same as in figure 2, for example, when the flange of the axial sleeve is installed with a hole in the outer surface of the lock die, and the shaft of the axial sleeve has a threaded connection with the body of the lock die;

figure 4 is also the same as in figure 3, but for example, when the flange of the axial sleeve is installed on the inside of the lock die, and the axial sleeve has a tight fit due to compression;

figure 5 is the same as in figure 3, but for example, when the tightening screw is equipped with a centralizer;

in Fig.6 - the same as in Fig.5, but for example, when the flange of the axial sleeve interacts with the outer surface of the lock die;

in FIG. 7 also shows that in FIG. 5, but by way of example, when the sleeve is flush with the outer surface of the lock die, which is provided with a fixing strip (liner);

in FIG. 8 - the same as in Fig.6, but in the example where the tightening screw is made with a countersunk head, which is displayed in the patch plate.

The folding knife contains a blade 1, which is pivotally attached to the lock die 2. In this case, the blade 1 and the lock die 2 are mounted on an axial sleeve 3, which has a flange 4, which interacts with the lock die 2, which has a hole for the shaft of the axial sleeve 3. the sides of the blade 1 on the axial sleeve 3 washers 5 and 6 are installed, preferably at least 1.35 mm thick, made of antifriction elastically deformable material, which is preferably used as a composite fluoroplastic having an elastic modulus of at least 800 MPa. A tightening screw 7 is screwed into the axial sleeve 3, the head of which is facing the patch plate 8. The patch plate 8 is detachably attached to the lock plate 2, forming a handle, a spacer 11 (back-spacer) can be installed in the gap between the plates 2 and 8, which is located in the upper part handles. The blade 1 is equipped with a pin 9, which serves as a stop and restricts the stroke. A liner 10 (a spring-loaded fixing plate) is installed on the lock ram 2, which is located in the lower part of the lock ram 2. The patch plate 8 has holes for the fastening screws 12, by means of which the patch plate 8 is connected to the lock ram 2 having mating holes 13. Additionally, the axial the sleeve 3 and the lock die 2 can be made with a tight fit, which can be realized by pressing 14, which provides the connection of the axial sleeve 3 and the lock plate 2 of the preload. Additionally, the tightening screw 7 may be provided with a centering 15, which increases the accuracy of the fit and the reliability of the swivel.

The folding knife is assembled by assembling the hinged joint on the lock die 2 by sequentially installing an axial sleeve 3, a flange 4 in the hole of the locking die 2, which interacts with the lock die 2, then pushing washers 5, blade 1 and washers 6 onto the shaft of the axial sleeve 3, which tightened by a tightening screw 7, screwed into the shaft of the axial sleeve 3 by means of a threaded connection 16. If necessary, a liner 10 is attached to the lock ram (Fig. 3, 7). The patch plate 8 is fastened by fixing screws 12 and holes 13 to the lock plate 2, and the gap formed between the plates 2 and 8 is closed by the back spacer 11. To strengthen the stiffness of the swivel joint, the tightening screw 7 can be made with a centralizer 15 (Fig.5,7 ) for a transitional landing with an axial sleeve 3. This connection allows you to further more accurately and evenly redistribute the load from the torques and lateral forces on the clique 1 from the anti-friction washers 5 and 6, which increases the durability of the axial assembly (articulated and I). The execution of the tightening screw 7 with a countersunk head (Fig. 8), which is brought out to the overlay plate 8, allows you to adjust the swivel without removing the overlay plate 8. Installing the flange 4 from the outer surface of the lock plate 2 (Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 8) either buried in the body of the lock die (Fig. 3) or flush with it (Fig. 7) or in close proximity to the inner surface (Figs. 4 and 5) provide the same technical result and are examples of the possible location of the flange 4 of the axial sleeve 3 relative to lock die 2.

The cantilever design of the lock die and the composition of the swivel joint in combination with the material for the manufacture of washers provides the claimed technical result. A feature of the claimed design is also that the washers are made of antifriction elastically deformable material with an elastic modulus of at least 800 MPa in compression.

As is known, washers made of bronze or brass are widely used in folding knives, the disadvantage of which is their quick wear and high friction coefficient without lubrication, complicated adjustment and, as a result, quick knives failure or the need for regular maintenance. When using bearings in a swivel joint, special lubrication is required. The manufacture of fluoroplastic washers also showed certain disadvantages due to creep and cold flow of this material.

Experimental data show that the use of antifriction elastically deformable washers, preferably with an elastic modulus of compression of at least 800 MPa, allows us to maintain the parallelism of the working contact surfaces of the blade and handle during prolonged use of the knife, especially with frequent opening and closing, as well as with various side loads, when torsion moments are applied to the blade when working with dense materials. At the same time, such washers make it possible to provide the possibility of adjusting the swivel joint during wear while maintaining the parallelism of the rubbing surfaces without additional adjustment. At the same time, the claimed design allows not only to redistribute the load on the entire axial assembly (articulated joint), but also increases the rigidity of the articulated joint, which affects the durability and reliability of the folding knife. Thus, the claimed utility model allows to increase the durability of the knife by 15-17%.

The claimed design allows at the same time to ensure ease of assembly, because the use of antifriction elastically deformable washers eliminates the stringent requirements for fitting-grinding, grinding, i.e. they can be used without finishing fit with the usual tolerances in the manufacture of modern equipment, which significantly reduces the need for highly skilled manual work during assembly, but does not lead to a loss in build quality. Tolerances affect only the location of the blade relative to the handle, and not on performance, i.e. high manufacturability of the folding knife assembly, as well as its improved maintainability.

Claims (8)

1. A folding knife containing a blade pivotally connected to the handle by means of an axial sleeve with a flange, a tightening screw with a head and washers, and made with the possibility of fixing in the working position, while the handle is made up of a lock die and a patch plate detachably attached to the lock die with the formation of a gap between them to move the blade, characterized in that the flange of the axial sleeve interacts with the surface of the lock die, an additional washer is installed on the axial sleeve, while It is made of antifriction elastically-deformable material and installed on the axial sleeve on both sides of the blade. 2. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the washers are made of antifriction elastically deformable material with an elastic deformation modulus under compression of at least 800 MPa. 3. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange of the axial sleeve interacts with the outside of the lock die. 4. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange of the axial sleeve is flush with the lock die. 5. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange of the axial sleeve interacts with the inner surface of the lock die. 6. Folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the tightening screw is made with a centralizer for transition landing with an axial sleeve. 7. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the tightening screw is made with a countersunk head, which is located in the patch plate. 8. A folding knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade is made with the possibility of fixation in the working position by means of the spring-loaded fixing plate located in the lower part of the lock die.

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