RU193135U1 - PLANT FOR MANUFACTURING DECORATIVE CORDS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment for the manufacture of trims, in particular, decorative cords. The machine for the manufacture of decorative cords contains a fueling rack with coils for the main threads sequentially mounted on the bed, a tensioner, a winding unit, a broaching unit, a winding unit and individual electric drives of the winding unit, the broaching unit and the winding unit, while the electric drives of the winding unit and the broaching unit are made with the possibility of independent adjustment. The machine allows you to make various decorative cords, imitating their manual manufacture, providing the possibility of reconstructing historical objects of decorative art. f-ly, 7il.

Description

The utility model relates to equipment for the manufacture of trimmings, in particular, decorative cords.

The term “garment articles” appeared in Russia in the first quarter of the 19th century with the emergence of its own production of brushes, agramants and fringes for dressing, and items of fabric interior decoration. Until that time, European terminology is found in the inventories of the 18th century. Truss products were designated by the general term - gimbal. This word is used in various transcriptions in all European languages to date. Consequently, the craftsmanship in the production of trimmings or gowns originally comes from a single historical source, and the techniques used in different countries are approximately the same. For a reliable recreation of the external appearance of brushes and agramants of the period of the 18th-19th centuries, a scientific reconstruction of the entire technological cycle of their production is necessary. Therefore, the basis of the reconstruction method was taken manual techniques for the manufacture of parts and components that make up the bassoon products. The art of basson work is based on the production of cords from which brushes, agramants and fringe are subsequently made.

Manual manufacture of cords for pick-up brushes took a lot of time, it required quite high professional skills of the master, and often a lot of physical strength. At the same time, the masters could control the process of manufacturing the cord visually and organoleptically, based on their experience, and, if necessary, easily make adjustments. With the development of technology, the advent of high-speed machines with electric drive, an increase in production volumes, the cord manufacturing process has become automated, as, for example, described in patent documents SU 245963, SU 538069, SU 821578 and RU 2235814, however, all the machine tools and machines described in these documents not uniform wrapping of warp threads with weft threads around the circumference, but braid the warp with interwoven threads, as coils with weft threads move along a complex sinusoidal path in two directions, which allows you to put one weft thread on the other. Such machines and machines are not suitable for solving the problems of piece production and reconstruction of historical objects of arts and crafts.

The problem solved by the utility model is the development of a machine for the manufacture of decorative cords, the work of which imitates the manual production of a cord.

To solve this problem, the machine for the manufacture of decorative cords contains a fueling rack with coils for the main threads sequentially mounted on the bed, a tensioner, a winding block, a pulling unit, a winding unit and individual drives of the winding unit, the drawing unit and the winding unit, while the winding unit drives and the broach unit are independently adjustable.

The use of adjustable electric drives makes it possible to reduce the complexity of cord production without loss of quality. Reducing the complexity is achieved due to the fact that one worker is enough to produce a cord, instead of three, physical strength is not required for production, and the qualification of a master bass player may be not the highest, but average. Also, the use of an electric drive allows you to increase the production of cords, as the master bassist can simultaneously serve several machines. A feature of the machine is that the cord is produced at a low tension of the threads and at a low speed, precisely selected during tuning, which is the main technical characteristic that makes it possible to obtain cords identical to reconstructed historical samples. Having a low speed and low loads, the machine can be configured for various types of warp and weft threads, including the use of wire, tape, electric cable as the basis. This embodiment of the machine allows the master to control the winding process and, if necessary, make adjustments: add and remove the main threads to change the diameter of the cord, change the sequence of spools with weft threads, add and reduce the stiffness of the cord, change the covering power of the warp with weft threads.

Preferably, the electric drive of the winding unit is reversible.

The machine may comprise a control unit associated with said electric drives.

The winding block can be made in the form of a face plate with spools for weft threads mounted on the hollow axis with the possibility of rotation and connected with the drive of the winding block, while a die for passing threads is located in the hollow axis. At the same time, the spools are mounted on the faceplate with the help of axles and are preloaded by springs for their braking.

Preferably, the broaching unit is made in the form of several successively mounted drive wheels connected to each other and to the drive of the broaching unit, and pressure wheels located between the drive wheels and pressed to them by springs. In this case, it is desirable that the interacting surfaces of the drive and pressure wheels are rubberized. In particular, the drive unit comprises three drive wheels and, accordingly, two pressure wheels.

The broach unit can be equipped with a meter meter, which can include a magnet mounted on one of the drive wheels, and a reed switch fixedly mounted on the bed.

Preferably, the winding unit is made in the form of a coil mounted on an axis rotatably and connected to the drive of the winding unit through a friction clutch.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a machine according to a utility model, side view;

in FIG. 2 schematically shows a winding block, a side view in partial section;

in FIG. 3 shows the faceplate of a winding block with one spool for weft threads mounted on it;

in FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a drive unit;

in FIG. 5 is a section along AA in FIG. four;

in FIG. 6 schematically shows the coil of the winding unit, a sectional view along the axis of rotation of the coil;

in FIG. 7 shows the manufactured decorative cord in various embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, the machine for the manufacture of decorative cords contains sequentially mounted on the bed 1 fuel rack 2 with coils 3 for the main threads, a tension device 4, a winding block 5, a broaching unit 6, a winding unit 7 and separate independent electric drives 8, 9 and 10 of the winding unit, pulling unit and winding unit, respectively.

The rack 2 is made in the form of a vertically mounted frame of steel corners with horizontally arranged rods forming axes for placement of coils 3 with warp threads on them. In particular, coils 3 can be arranged on steel axles of 9 pieces in 15 rows. Coils 3 are separated by steel wires to prevent breakage of threads when coils are interlocked. The number of coils 3 with warp is selected depending on the required thickness of the finished cord.

Behind the strut 2 on the bed 1, a tensioner 4 is installed, made in the form of three rods located in a horizontal plane essentially perpendicular to the direction of supply of the warp threads.

Further along the warp threads on the bed 1, a winding block 5 is installed, shown in more detail in FIG. 2 and 3. The winding block 5 is made in the form of a faceplate 11 mounted on the hollow axis 12 with the possibility of rotation by means of bearings 13. The hollow axis 12 is mounted on the bed 1 and connected by straps 14 to the electric drive 8 (Fig. 1). On the faceplate 11, axes 15 are fixed around the circumference for mounting the bobbins 16 for weft threads (one axis 15 and one bobbin 16 are conventionally shown in FIGS. 2 and 3). The spools 16 are mounted on the axles 15 with the possibility of rotation and are preloaded by springs (not shown) to brake them in order to maintain the tension of the weft thread during operation. A die 17 is inserted into the hollow axis 12 from the side facing the tensioner 4, the inner diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the generated cord. The die 17 is installed in the hollow axis 12 with the possibility of its extraction for replacement, if necessary, with a die of a different diameter (depending on the required diameter of the generated cord).

The drive unit 6, shown in more detail in FIG. 4 and 5, contains several driving wheels 18 mounted on the frame 1, kinematically connected to each other with the possibility of rotation in one direction, for example, using gears. In this case, one of the driving wheels 18 is kinematically connected with the electric drive 9, for example, by means of a belt drive. In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the drive unit comprises three drive wheels 18, however, there may be another number of drive wheels, for example, two. In addition, the broaching unit 6 comprises clamping wheels 20 mounted on the plate 19, located between the driving wheels 18. In the present embodiment, the number of clamping wheels 20 is two. The plate 19 is mounted with the possibility of vertical movement and is connected by springs 21 to the bed, ensuring the wheels 20 are pressed against the wheels 18. The outer cylindrical surfaces of the wheels 18 and 20 are rubberized. On the broaching unit, a meter meter can be installed, for example, comprising a magnet 22 mounted on one of the driving wheels 18, and a reed switch 23 fixedly mounted on the frame 1.

The winding unit 7 is made in the form of a receiving coil 24 freely mounted on the axis 25. The axis 25 is mounted in bearings 26 on racks 27 mounted on the frame 1 and kinematically connected to the electric drive 10, for example, by means of a pulley 28 and straps 29 (Fig. 1 ) The receiving coil 24 is kinematically connected with the axis 25 through a friction clutch formed by a friction pad 30 located between the coil 24 and the pulley 28, and a spring 31, which compresses the coil 24 to the friction pad 30 through the washer 32.

The electric drives 8 and 9 of the winding and pulling units are independently adjustable, and the electric drive 8 of the winding unit 5 is also reversible.

In addition, the machine contains a control unit (not shown conditionally) associated with the electric drives 8, 9 and 10 for their inclusion and appropriate adjustment.

Before starting work, the main threads from the reels 3 are passed by the operator through the tensioner 4, through the die 17 of the winding block 5 and laid on the driving wheels 18 of the broaching unit 6 (when laying the threads on the driving wheels 18, the plate 19 is lifted up with clamping wheels 20). Also, through the die 17 of the block 5, the windings are passed from the weft threads installed on the faceplate 11 of the spool 16, which are similarly laid on the drive wheels 18 of the broaching unit 6. As a result, the machine is prepared for the manufacture of a decorative cord.

Before starting work, the operator, by means of the control unit, sets the direction of twist of the cord, switching the electric drive 8 of the winding unit 5 to the corresponding mode (forward or reverse rotation).

Then the operator simultaneously turns on the electric drives 8 and 9 of the winding unit 5 and the broaching unit 6. The plate 11 begins to rotate in a predetermined direction with the initial speed set on the control unit. By adjusting the rotation speed of the faceplate 11, the operator achieves the required density of weft threads on the warp threads.

The progressive advance of the cord is carried out by the broach unit 6 due to the rotation of the drive and clamping wheels 18 and 20, the rubberized surfaces of which compress the cord under the action of the springs 21. The operator adjusts the speed of the cord in the broach to achieve the required packing of the weft threads on the warp threads.

Upon completion of adjustments and achievement of the required quality of the cord, the operator turns off the electric drives of the winding and pulling units, cuts off the excess cord and secures the high-quality end of the cord in the receiving coil 24 of the winding unit 7. After that, the operator turns on all electric drives 8 - 10, and the cord continues to be manufactured with the required quality. The finished cord is wound on a reel, and the meter of the finished cord is determined by the counter.

The presence in the machine of individual electric drives of the winding block, the broaching unit and the winding unit, as well as the execution of the electric drives of the winding unit and the broaching unit with the possibility of independent adjustment, allows to obtain decorative cords of various kinds, for example, such as shown in FIG. 7.

Claims (11)

1. A machine for the manufacture of decorative cords, comprising sequentially mounted on the bed a fueling rack with coils for the main threads, a tensioner, a winding unit, a broaching unit, a winding unit and individual electric drives of the winding unit, the broaching unit and the winding unit, while the electric drives of the winding unit and block broaches are made with the possibility of independent adjustment. 2. The machine according to claim 1, in which the electric drive of the winding block is made reversible. 3. The machine according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit associated with said electric drives. 4. The machine according to claim 1, in which the winding block is made in the form of a face plate with spools for the weft threads, mounted on the hollow axis with the possibility of rotation and connected with the drive of the winding block, while a die for passing threads is located in the hollow axis. 5. The machine according to claim 4, in which the spools are mounted on the faceplate with the help of the axes and are preloaded by springs for their braking. 6. The machine according to claim 1, in which the broaching unit is made in the form of several successively mounted drive wheels connected to each other and to the drive of the broaching unit, and pressure wheels located between the drive wheels and pressed to them by springs. 7. The machine according to claim 6, in which the interacting surfaces of the drive and clamping wheels are rubberized. 8. The machine according to claim 6, in which the broaching unit contains three driving wheels and, accordingly, two clamping wheels. 9. The machine according to claim 6, in which the broach unit is equipped with a meter counter. 10. The machine according to claim 9, in which the meter meter includes a magnet mounted on one of the drive wheels, and a reed switch fixedly mounted on the bed. 11. The machine according to claim 1, in which the winding unit is made in the form of a coil mounted on an axis rotatably and connected to the drive of the winding unit through a friction clutch.

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