RU192795U1 - DEVICE FOR PEELING PEEL OF OAT - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technique of peeling grain and is intended for use in the flour and cereal, animal feed and food industries, in feed preparation workshops. This device improves the quality and productivity of the process of peeling oat grain. A device for peeling oat grain containing the upper and lower zones, and in the upper zone there are windows through which the metered supply of grain is carried out, and in the lower zone there are openings for supplying compressed air, characterized in that the grain loading is everything happens through the side door of the upper zone, and compressed air is supplied through the nozzles of the upper zone, and peeling of oat grain with a stream of compressed air is carried out in a sealed chamber, divided into upper and lower zones by a fixed perforated partition onto which a perforated container with grain is installed through the side door oats, and from above it is sealed with an airtight film, after which the lower zone is evacuated to a pressure of 0.02 MPa, ensuring the transfer of grain shells to a brittle state. Moreover, the air pumped out during evacuation enters the air accumulator, from where it enters the nozzles located in the upper zone of the chamber, providing compressed air at a pressure of 1.2 MPa to a container with oat grain covered by an airtight film. Then, at the end of the cycle, air is let into the lower zone of the chamber until atmospheric pressure is reached in it and the treated exfoliated grain is unloaded through the door, after which it is separated using appropriate technologies. The technical result is a reduction in the process of processing oat grain carried out in a single set of vacuum processes and peeling, which ultimately reduces the cost of cereals and energy consumption in its production.

Description

The utility model relates to the technique of peeling grain and is intended for use in the flour and cereal, animal feed and food industries, in feed preparation workshops.

A device is known (see A.S. No. 333799, class B02B 3/12, 1976. A device for aerial desiccation of grain by A.Ya. Sokolov et al. No. 1384143 / 28-13, claimed December 11, 1969; publ. 05.11.1975 Bull No. 41) with additional mixing tubes installed in cascade under the main tube, arranged so that the outlet of the previous tube is placed in the confuser of the next tube, and the outlet of the last tube is equipped with a diffuser, and the mixing tubes are located along the line of increasing their diameters. The disadvantage of this device is a partial damage to the kernel of the grain with low quality peeling and high energy intensity; design complexity; low productivity.

A device is known (see A.S. No. 352501 class B02B 3/12 1976; Device for aerial desiccation of grain A. Ya. Sokolov et al. No. 1408375 / 28-13, claimed 02.25.1970; publ. 05.04.1976 Bull No. 13) it is proposed in the device inside the nozzle to install a concentric rod, the end of which enters the mixing tube first in the direction of the grain movement, and the rod is movable vertically and the confuser of the first mixing tube is equipped with a vibrator. The disadvantage of this device is a partial damage to the kernel of the grain with low peeling quality and productivity due to the high final speed of the kernels at the outlet of the mixing tube.

The closest in technical essence to a utility model is a device (see patent RU 2457904, IPC В02В 3/00 Device for peeling grain / M.Ts. Didanov, AM Didanov, G.A. Iskakova No.20144596 / 13, claimed 10.29.2010 ; publ. 08/10/2012 Bull. No. 22) The proposed device contains a hollow punch and a conical-shaped matrix located coaxially with the bases up. The punch is divided by a conical partition into upper and lower zones, and in the upper part of the punch there are windows through which a metered feed of grain is provided, and in the lower part there are openings for supplying compressed air located between the abrasive sections. The punch makes a reciprocating motion, and the matrix receives a rotational motion. Between the die and the punch, a removable mesh shell is mounted fixed to the die. The working zone formed by the space between the punch with a discontinuous abrasive conical surface and the mesh shell is loaded with flaky grains evenly from the hopper through the nozzles. Flaky grains move from top to bottom under the influence of their own weight and periodic impacts of the punch, fray between themselves and the contact surfaces of the working executive bodies: the abrasive surface of the punch and the mesh shell secured to the matrix.

The disadvantage of this device is: high energy intensity; design complexity.

The objective of this device is to improve the quality and performance of the process of peeling oats. The problem is solved as follows.

A device for peeling oats grain, containing the upper and lower zones, and in the upper zone there are windows through which a metered supply of grain is provided, and in the lower zone there are openings for supplying compressed air, characterized in that the loading of oat grain occurs through the side door of the upper zone and the supply of compressed air is carried out through the nozzles of the upper zone, and the peeling of oat grain with a stream of compressed air is carried out in a sealed chamber, divided into upper and lower zones by a stationary perforated partition, into which a perforated container with oat grain is installed through the side door and on top it is sealed with an airtight film, after which the lower zone is vacuumized to a pressure of 0.02 MPa, ensuring the transfer of grain shells to a brittle state. Moreover, the air pumped out during evacuation enters the air accumulator, from where it enters the nozzles located in the upper zone of the chamber, providing compressed air at a pressure of 1.2 MPa to a container with oat grain covered by an airtight film. Then, at the end of the cycle, air is let into the lower zone of the chamber until atmospheric pressure is reached in it and the treated exfoliated grain is unloaded through the door, after which it is separated using appropriate technologies.

The proposed device contains a sealed chamber 1, divided into lower 2 and upper zones 3 by a fixed perforated partition 4, a hermetically sealed side door 5, a vacuum pump 9, an air accumulator 10, a vacuum tank 11, an automatic control system 12. The automatic control system 12 includes a valve 13 for supplying air to the nozzles 14 from the air accumulator 10, a valve 15 for cutting off the lower zone 2 from the vacuum pump 9, a valve 16 for letting air into the lower zone 2, a valve 17 for cutting off the upper zone 3 from vacuum constant capacitance 11, the cutoff valve 18 from the lower zone 2 an evacuated vessel 11, shut-off valve 19 a vacuum vessel 11 by the vacuum pump 9.

In the initial position, the sealed chamber 1 is closed, the lower zone 2 is separated by a fixed perforated partition 4 from the upper zone 3, the side door 5 is closed. The vacuum pump 9 is connected through the valve 19 to the evacuated tank 11, the valve 15 cut-off the lower zone 2 from the vacuum pump 9 and the valves 17 and 18 to cut off the zones 2 and 3 from the evacuated tank 11 are closed. The air inlet valve 13 from the air accumulator 10 to the nozzles 14 is closed, the air inlet valve 16 into the lower zone 2 is closed.

The device operates as follows: through an open side door 5, on a fixed perforated partition 4, oat grain 7 is placed in a perforated container 6 with a hole diameter not exceeding the diameter of the oat grain, and then cover it with an airtight film 8, the edges of which are fixed on the basis of the perforated the partitions 4. After that, the chamber 1 is sealed by the side door 5. The valve 19 and the vacuum pump 9 are closed through the valve 15, and the evacuated container 11 through the valve 18 creates a vacuum in the lower zones e 2, and the compressed air pumped out from the lower zone 2 enters the air accumulator 10. Upon reaching the rarefaction degree in the lower zone 2 equal to 0.02 MPa, which ensures the “fragility” of the oat grain shells (see the article Anisimova L.V. Hydrothermal processing of oats without steaming / Anisimova L.V. // University News. Food Technology. - 2001. - No. 2-3. - S. 48-59), compressed air from the air accumulator 10 enters through valve 13, into nozzles 14 under pressure equal to 1.2 MPa, acting on a perforated container 6 with oat grain 7 located on a stationary perforation constant wall 4. Then, at the end of the cycle via a valve 16 let in air in the lower zone 2, until reaching atmospheric pressure in it and is discharged through the processed grain desquamated side door 5, after its separation produced using appropriate technologies.

The technical result. Thus, the reduction of the process of processing oat grain, carried out in a single set of processes of evacuation and peeling, which ultimately reduces the cost of cereals and energy consumption in its production.

Claims (1)

A device for peeling oat grain, containing the upper and lower zones, and in the upper zone there are windows through which a metered supply of grain is provided, and in the lower zone there are openings for supplying compressed air, characterized in that the loading of oat grain occurs through the side door of the upper zone , compressed air is supplied through nozzles of the upper zone, and peeling of oat grain with a stream of compressed air is carried out in a sealed chamber divided into upper and lower zones by a fixed perforated partition, n which a perforated container with oat grain is installed through the side door and it is sealed on top with an airtight film, after which the lower zone is evacuated to a pressure of 0.02 MPa, ensuring the transfer of grain shells to a brittle state, and the air pumped out during evacuation enters the air accumulator, from where it goes to nozzles located in the upper zone of the chamber, providing compressed air at a pressure of 1.2 MPa to a container with oat grain covered by an airtight film, then at the end of the cycle, air is let into the lower zone of the chamber until atmospheric pressure is reached in it and the processed exfoliated grain is unloaded through the door, after which it is separated using appropriate technologies.

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