RU190548U1 - WELL VACUUM PUMP - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to submersible pumps and can be used in various industries, including for the extraction of fluid from wells. The borehole vacuum pump is capable of pumping fluid from the formation under the action of pressure drop in the chamber. The pressure drop in the chamber is created by the joint operation of the valve system, the piston and the compressor located on the earth's surface and communicated with the vacuum column. The simplicity of the design of the downhole vacuum pump is due to the minimum number of moving parts that are resistant to mechanical stress, which leads to an increase in the turnaround time during normal operation of the well. The operation of the pump in complicated conditions in the presence of a high gas factor is provided by the peculiarities of its design and the method of production of the well fluid.

Description

The invention relates to submersible pumps and can be used in various industries, including for the extraction of fluid from wells.

There is a method of oil production and a device for its implementation (RF patent №2527823 publ. 10.09.2014), including a casing with a filter in which a torus is placed, while a hollow rod with a check valve installed at its end passes through a torus The tube is equipped with a reversible driving drum chamber, which is kinematically connected to a reversing drive, the chamber communicating with the oil collecting system and the water collecting system, and the cable is connected by a driving reversing drum and with a hollow rod, while the torus forms of inverse two conduit cavity, the lower cavity is connected via a filter to the annulus, and the upper chamber communicates through a chamber with a system of oil collection and water collection system.

The disadvantage of this device is its low productivity due to the low speed of movement of the hollow rod during the up-and-down stroke, which limits its use in the operation of high-production wells. In addition, the reciprocating rolling over the casing of the torus makes it difficult to use the equipment in question when extracting highly watered oil or oil with a high paraffin content due to the possible reduction in the pipe cross section due to salt deposition, paraffin deposits on the inner and outer stem walls, as well as on walls at the top of the casing.

A well-known sucker-rod pump (RF patent 2561935, publ. 10.09.2015) is known, which contains a cylinder, a plunger, a rod, a suction valve is installed in the upper part of the plunger, a discharge valve is placed in the upper part of the cylinder, the cylinder is movable, the plunger is stationary, the locking valve the element of the suction valve is connected with a movable cylinder, is made with a section of a spherical surface and is mounted on a rod movably mounted in guide sleeves, and the locking element of the discharge valve is mounted on the rod.

Its disadvantages are the relative complexity of the design, the small flow areas of the valve assemblies and the complexity of the installation of the pump.

A device for extracting water from a well is known (RF Patent No. 171178, published on May 23, 2017), consisting of a pipe for draining water from a well inserted into the casing, with a check valve installed in the pipe, below which there is an opening through which the pipe is connected to a channel connected to the compressor and terminating in a flap; and an air vent valve is installed in the channel.

The disadvantages of this device are the presence of requirements for the capacity of the compressor unit to create a pressure sufficient to lift the fluid, the inability to maintain continuous fluid withdrawal from the formation in the case of well operation with a very low flow rate, disruption of the compressor unit and the entire process device due to carbonation of the fluid in wellbore and further gas breakthrough to the wellhead, which ultimately can lead to a sharp decline in oil production.

Known downhole sucker rod pump with a movable cylinder (RF patent No. 2620139 publ. 05/23/2017) containing a stationary plunger rigidly connected with a device for fixing its lower part, a cylinder equipped with a ball discharge valve in its upper part rigidly connected with a column of pump rods, covering the stationary plunger with the possibility of reciprocating motion, characterized in that the stationary plunger in its upper part is equipped with a forced-release intake valve containing a mandrel with a longitudinal samples, rigidly connected to the upper part of the fixed plunger by means of a cage sub, on which the plunger element is installed with relative longitudinal mobility, the lower end of which is equipped with a reinforced sleeve, hermetically interacting downward with the supporting rod column fixed in the lower part mandrel, but above the cell-sub.

The disadvantage of this device is the relative complexity of the design and high complexity of manufacturing parts, consisting in the presence of a large number of parts and assemblies that require high accuracy and cleanliness of processing external and internal surfaces, which complicates the process of assembling equipment and creating the required tightness of all connections.

The disadvantages of such pumps also include low productivity when pumping reservoir fluids with high gas content due to the low filling factor of the cylinder cavity.

The known method of vacuum oil production (RF patent No. 2399750 publ. September 20, 2010), adopted for the prototype, which describes a device for its implementation, consisting of a tubing column, a vacuum column, equipped with a valve with a drive for hermetically creating atmospheric gas rarefaction a chamber in which a back suction valve and a discharge check valve are installed at the inlet to the tubing string, and at the mouth of the vacuum column is connected to a vacuum pump, in front of which a vacuum gauge is mounted and with packed on both sides with valves.

The disadvantage of this vacuum pump is the need to constantly monitor and regulate the mode of operation of the pump, since with intensive pumping of gas from the chamber, irreversible blockage of the valve located at the entrance to the vacuum column is possible with various organic deposits, which ultimately can lead to malfunction of the pump and reduction of oil well flow rate. The disadvantages also include the low productivity of the vacuum pump during the operation of low-rate wells, due to insufficient filling of the chamber, as well as gas breakthroughs, the inability to maintain a given level of oil production.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of operation of wells due to the use of a downhole vacuum pump, the principle of which is based on the translational movement of the piston by creating excessive intra-chamber pressure.

The technical result is achieved by installing removable discharge check valves and a piston inside the chamber at the entrance to the tubing string column, which is bounded in its lower part by stops, and a cover with a hole is fixed in the upper chamber portion to communicate with the vacuum column connected to the compressor and branch, at the exit of which a removable pressure relief valve is installed.

The device of the borehole vacuum pump is illustrated by the following figure:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vacuum pump device for extracting fluid from a well, where:

1 - casing;

2 - the camera;

3 - cover with a hole;

4 - the piston;

5 - pressure check valve;

6 - suction check valve;

7 - stops;

8 - tubing string;

9 - vacuum column;

10 - compressor;

11 - tap;

12 - pressure relief valve.

The downhole vacuum pump device (Fig. 1) includes a chamber 2 placed in the casing 1, at the entrance to which a suction check valve 6 is installed with the possibility of dismounting, and removable pressure check valves 5 are installed on the side walls for communication with the tubing string 8 , while inside the chamber 2 is placed tightly interacting with the walls of the piston 4, with the possibility of free movement, and is limited in its lower part by the stops 7, rigidly connected to the chamber 2, in the upper part of which A threaded connection, using a turnkey nozzle, secured a stainless steel cover 3 with a circular hole for gas inlet and outlet, secured by means of a coupling to a vacuum column 9 connected to compressor 10 and outlet 11, at the outlet of which a removable valve is installed pressure relief 12.

The device works as follows. When creating a negative pressure in the chamber 2 of the vacuum pump, under the action of the freely moving piston 4 to the extreme upper position before contact with the vacuum column 9 passing through the opening of the cover 3, the suction check valve 6 is opened and the void space under the piston 4 is filled with oil on the column tubing 8 to the wellhead. Negative pressure is achieved by venting the gas occupied by the volume of the chamber 2 above the piston 4, through the pressure relief valve 12 through the outlet 11 of the vacuum column 9. When the piston 4 moves to its lowest position under the effect of the gas being forced by the compressor 10 into the chamber 2, the vacuum column 9, the suction valve 6 is closed, the discharge check valve 5 is opened, and the oil occupied by the space under the piston 4 is displaced into the tubing string 8.

Thus, the use of the claimed device will simplify the design of the equipment, reduce operating costs, expand the technical characteristics of the pump, in particular the possibility of operating wells with high gas factors, the presence of mechanical impurities, as well as in conditions of low oil production.

Claims (1)

A downhole vacuum pump consisting of a tubing string, a vacuum column, a chamber in which a suction check valve is installed, characterized in that inside the chamber at the entrance to the tubing string there are removable discharge check valves and a piston, the stroke of which is limited to the bottom of the chamber stops, and in the upper part of the chamber is fixed a lid with a hole for communication with the vacuum column connected to the compressor and the outlet, at the outlet of which there is a removable relief valve yes Lenia.

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