RU189494U1 - A device for the treatment, regeneration of fuel oil to obtain low-viscosity and marine fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for processing and regeneration of fuel oil to produce low-viscosity and marine fuels relates to the field of oil refining and can be used to prepare marine fuel from used fuel oil that has lost consumer properties. The proposed technical solution is aimed at expanding the functional capabilities of the device for processing, regeneration and production of low-viscous marine fuels from fuel oil. The problem is solved by a device for processing, regeneration, low viscosity ship fuel oil containing a section of diamagnetic material connected to a pulse generator, an inductor (winding), a lamp with a hard ultraviolet spectrum is placed inside the pipeline section of a diamagnetic material, while the device is made in the form of a horizontally located cylinder of variable cross section, where in front of a section of diamagnetic material, there is a section of larger diameter, homogenization, and chastkom of diamagnetic material, is located with a diameter less cavitation portion; the device at the entrance and exit is equipped with flanges for installation in the pipeline; The homogenization section is equipped with an integrated screw feeder and a homogenizing head. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

A device for the treatment and regeneration of fuel oil with the production of low-viscosity and / ship fuels relates to the field of oil refining and can be used to prepare ship fuel from used fuel oil (hereinafter referred to as the product) that have lost consumer properties.

A device for obtaining boiler fuel in accordance with the patent "Method for the production of boiler fuel and a device for its implementation" RU No. 2139917 dated 10/15/1998, publ. 10.20.1999g., Containing tanks for fuel oil, connected to the fuel oil supply pump, the output of which is connected to the receiving flange of the first hydrodynamic cavitation mixer, made with a bypass, water tank with a water supply pump and a recirculation pump connected in series with the second hydrodynamic cavitation mixer, characterized in that it is provided with tanks for light fractions, which are connected through the light feed pump to the fuel oil supply pump inlet, also connected to the output flange of the second g an idio dynamic cavitation mixer, the inlet flange of which is connected to the output of the device and the output of the first hydrodynamic cavitation mixer.

But this device does not allow preparing spent fuel oil and receive marine and low-viscosity fuels.

The closest in technical essence is the “Nozzle for Combustion of Liquid Fuel” according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2336461 with a priority of 12.04.2007. publ. 10/20/2008 bul. No. 29, containing a supply pipe (pipeline) with a section of diamagnetic material with an inductor (winding) connected to a pulse generator, while inside the pipeline section of diamagnetic material there is a lamp with a hard ultraviolet frequency spectrum of the type ДРТ-1000.

But this device also does not allow preparing spent fuel oil and receive ship and low viscosity fuels.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at expanding the functional capabilities of the device for processing, regeneration and production of low-viscous marine fuels from fuel oil.

The problem is solved by a device for processing, regeneration, low viscosity ship fuel oil containing a section of diamagnetic material connected to a pulse generator, an inductor (winding), a lamp with a hard ultraviolet frequency spectrum is placed inside the pipeline section of a diamagnetic material, while the device is made in the form of a horizontally located cylinder of variable cross section, where in front of a section of diamagnetic material, there is a section of a larger diameter, homogenization, and section of the diamagnetic material is located, with a diameter of less, the site of cavitation; the device at the entrance and exit is equipped with flanges for installation in the pipeline; The homogenization section is equipped with an integrated screw feeder and a homogenizing head. A device for processing, regenerating the production of mazuts, made in the form of a horizontally located cylinder of variable cross section, allows changing the hydrodynamic flow regime of the material being processed from laminar at the homogenization section of a larger diameter, through an intermediate one, at the ionization section, to a turbulent, at a section of smaller diameter - cavitation, creating conditions for physical or mechanical impact, which allows difficult-to-work spent fuel oils that have lost consumer properties Vat attractive new consumer properties, create a product suitable for use.

At the site of homogenization in the laminar flow, the product is processed - fine mixing and dispersion with destruction of conglomerates, this allows to reduce the specific content of sulfur, mechanical impurities and pour point and create conditions for pumping the homogenized product to the ionization section, which cannot be processed with difficult-to-use residual fuel oils.

At the site of ionization of a smaller diameter than the site of homogenization covered by the winding, due to the generated electromagnetic field, there are longitudinal and transverse vibrations of a wide range of frequencies and amplitudes, which, acting on the incoming product, simultaneously with hard ultraviolet radiation, contribute to obtaining a more finely dispersed composition suitable for further processing, and this in turn, by increasing the specific heat of combustion, allows for greater combustion efficiency. I.

But in order to impart new properties to the product and transform used fuel oil into fuel, the product is subjected to further processing, once again changing the hydrodynamic flow regime to turbulent.

Since creating a turbulent hydrodynamic regime requires a narrowing of even smaller diameter on the cavitation site than the ionization site, regeneration takes place — a change in the physicochemical composition, destruction of C – C bonds in paraffin molecules, and a change in product properties, viscosity, density and flash point, which allows create a product with the necessary properties.

A device for processing and regeneration of fuel oil to obtain low-viscosity and marine fuels is shown in the drawings, where in FIG. 1 the location of the sites, in FIG. 2 is the diagram of the homogenization section, in FIG. 3 the diagram of the ionization section, and in FIG. 4 the diagram of the cavitation section.

In figure 1, 2, 3, 4 shows: section 1 of homogenization, section 2 of ionization, section 3 of cavitation, screw feeder 4, homogenizing head 5, pump 6, wall 7 of section 2 of diamagnetic material, inductor (winding) 8, lamp 9 with ultraviolet radiation, 10 pulses generator, streamlined body 11, swirlers 12, impeller 13, input flange 14, output flange 15,

A device for processing, regeneration of fuel oil with obtaining low-viscosity and marine fuels is performed as follows.

The device is made in the form of a horizontally located cylinder of variable cross-section, and contains, in series, a screw feeder 4, section 1 of homogenization, section 2 of ionization and section 3 of cavitation, with decreasing diameter of sections from larger section 1 of homogenization, to create a laminar flow to a smaller section 3 cavitations, where narrowing is required to create a turbulent flow.

The device at the entrance and exit is equipped with flanges 14 and 15, for installation in any pipeline, which allows you to embed the device into existing schemes for processing and processing the product.

Section 1 of the homogenization is made of a larger diameter to accommodate the embedded equipment necessary to create a laminar hydrodynamic regime and impact on the flow.

Section 1 of the homogenization is equipped with a built-in auger feeder 4 with a homogenizing head 5 and a pump 6 with a homogenizer-dispersant (for example, NGD series). The homogenizing head 5 with the hemogenization pumps 6 of the NGD series (dispersants) is designed for fine mixing and dispersing of emulsions or suspensions (bitumen emulsions, fuel compositions, etc.) with simultaneous pumping of the homogenized product. The built-in screw feeder 4 in the toe of the pump 6 facilitates the loading of the homogenizing head 5, especially when working with viscous, thick and non-uniform suspensions, destroys the conglomerates of dry substances in the treated medium, and the self-suction capacity of the head 5 does not requires installation at the inlet of an additional pump.

Section 2 of the ionization is made in the form of a nozzle of a smaller diameter than the area 1 of homogenization.

Section 2 of ionization contains a nozzle with section 7 of a diamagnetic material (for example, stainless steel), with a winding located on section 7, an inductor 8, connected to the pulse generator 10.

Inside the pipeline section 7 of a diamagnetic material, lamp 9 is placed with a hard ultraviolet frequency spectrum.

To create a turbulent hydrodynamic regime, a narrowing of the flow is required, therefore, the cavitation section 3 is made with a smaller diameter than the ionization section.

Section 3 cavitation provided, further narrowing the flow of a streamlined body 11, located before the narrowing of the swirler 12, which are located on both sides of the narrowing. The impeller 13 is located after the expansion of the area, which allows you to create a vacuum and regenerate the product, changing its physico-chemical composition, destroying С-С bonds in paraffin molecules and changing the product properties: viscosity, density and flash point, which allows you to create a product with the desired properties .

Pulsed energy impact due to acoustic waves and further effects of cavitation, make changes in hydrodynamics and dispersion stability of liquid media, which affects the different mechanisms of the process - noticeably intensifies the destruction and dramatically slows down coke formation, changes in the physico-chemical composition (decrease in molecular weight, crystallization temperature etc.) and the properties of petroleum products (viscosity, density, flash point).

A device for processing, regeneration of fuel oil with obtaining low-viscosity and marine fuels works as follows.

From the receiving tank (not shown in the drawing), the heated product flows by gravity to the screw feeder 4 of homogenization section 1, with self-priming by connecting a homogenizer 6 at its outlet to the homogenizing head 5. This interposition of the nodes on the homogenization section 1 provides fine mixing, dispersion with destruction of conglomerates, which allows to reduce the specific content of sulfur, mechanical impurities and pour point and ensures smooth pumping homogenized product of pump 6 to a smaller diameter ionizer 2.

When a homogenized and dispersed product enters the smaller diameter ionizer 2 with section 7 of diamagnetic material, the lamp 9 with ultraviolet radiation and the 4-pulse generator simultaneously turn on with an inductor (winding) 8 that creates an electromagnetic field in winding 8, which leads to creating an eddy current pulse in section 7, whose magnetic field acts opposite to the magnetic field in winding 8 (inductor), as a result of which section 2 produces longitudinal and transverse oscillations of a wide the spectrum of frequencies and amplitudes that affect the incoming product contribute to a more fine dispersion composition, and this in turn allows for greater combustion efficiency.

At the same time, the processing of the product by the hard ultraviolet radiation produced by the lamp 9 allows ionizing and obtaining a more finely dispersed structure under the influence of Lorentz forces, which helps to reduce emissions of harmful substances - nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, etc. into the air space when using the product.

Next, the finely dispersed product enters the section 3 of cavitation, for regeneration, changes in the physicochemical composition and properties of the product, such as viscosity, density, and flash point.

For the destruction of С-С bonds in paraffin molecules, they create a high intensity cavitation, dividing the flow of finely dispersed product by the streamlined body 11, which is located before narrowing in the cavitator by swirl 12 for pushing them in front of the impeller 13 and feeding it into the vacuum zone behind the impeller 13.

Thus, in a horizontally located cylinder of variable cross section, a continuous product flow is created, where in the homogenization section 1, a laminar hydrodynamic mode is created with a larger diameter, in the ionization section 2 a transient flow mode occurs and in the cavitation section 3 a turbulent hydrodynamic mode is created, affecting the flow of the processed product alternating sections of variable cross section and different on each of the sections, physical or mechanical impact, which allows to process stale fuel and lubricants, lost consumer properties and regenerate them, giving

required parameters. The process is modeled in the laboratory. Samples were taken and analyzed in stages. The averaged data are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Name of indicators, units of measurement                          Value of indicators Original product
(fuel oil M-100 ash 4 types) Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Viscosity at 100 ° C, kinematic, cSt 59.0 47.0      36 30.0 Mass fraction of mechanical impurities,% 0.5 0.1 Mass fraction of sulfur,% 2.5 2.2 Flash point in open crucible, ° С 90 110 Pour point, ° С 25 17 Heat of combustion (lower) in terms of dry fuel, kJ / kg 39740 41,000 Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 983 960 Mass fraction of water,% 1.0 0.5

The values of the indicators in table 1 after stage 3 meet the standards for low-viscosity and marine fuels, which confirms the possibility of their production. Table 1

The technical result consists in influencing the product flow by alternating sections of variable cross section and different physical or mechanical impact on each section, due to a device made in the form of a horizontal cylinder of variable cross section, in which the hydrodynamic flow regime of the material being processed is changed from laminar at the homogenization section of a larger diameter, through an intermediate one, in the ionization section, and up to turbulent, in a section of a smaller diameter - cavitation, creating The term is for physical or mechanical impact, which allows difficult-to-put spent fuel oils that have lost their consumer properties, to impart new attractive consumer properties, to create a usable product in the form of low-viscosity and marine fuel.

Claims (3)

1. A device for processing and regenerating fuel oil to produce low-viscosity and marine fuels, containing a pipe with a section of diamagnetic material with an inductor (winding) connected to the pulse generator, a lamp with a hard ultraviolet frequency spectrum is placed inside the pipeline section of the diamagnetic material, characterized in that the device is made in the form of a horizontal cylinder of variable cross-section, where in front of the nozzle, with a section of diamagnetic material, there is a section of larger diameter, homogeneous nazation, and behind the nozzle, with a plot of diamagnetic material, is located, with a diameter smaller, the site of cavitation. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device at the entrance and exit is equipped with flanges for installation in the pipeline. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of homogenization is equipped with an integrated screw feeder, homogenizing head.

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