RU188218U1 - CASTING FORM FOR MANUFACTURING SPRING BEAM - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to foundry and can be used in the manufacture of nadressornoj beams of undercarriages of railway freight cars using casting molds obtained by the method of vacuum-film molding. The mold consists of the lower and upper half-molds, which form a casting cavity, rods and gating system when closed, while the half-molds are made by vacuum-film molding from a loose molding material enclosed in flask and sealed with synthetic films. The fenders are placed in areas of the bearing surface of the thrust bearing, bearing pads for side-bearings, pockets in the end parts of the nadressornoy beam and above the shells of profits. The technical result achieved by the application of the utility model is to improve the quality and reliability of the sprung beam of the undercarriage of a railway freight car. 2 s. P. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to foundry and can be used in the manufacture of nadressornoj beams of undercarriages of railway freight cars using casting molds obtained by the method of vacuum-film molding.

Known accepted for the closest analogue is the mold for manufacturing a nadressornoj beam, including the upper belt, made with a cylindrical thrust bearing with a supporting surface and a thrust annular collar, with bearing pads for side bearings with mounting holes, the lower belt, made with a supporting surface for spring springs, vertical side walls with holes connecting the upper and lower zones, and pockets for installing wedges of friction vibration dampers in the end parts of the nadressor ball ki containing the lower and upper half-molds of the molding material with a resin-based binder, having cavities forming a mold cavity when forming, forming the external contour of the pressurized beam, rods forming the internal contour of the pressurized beam, and the gate system, including the riser, gate runs and profits located in areas of the bearing surface of the thrust bearing, bearing pads for side-bearings and pockets of the nadressornoj beam (US 20120291661 A1, publ. 11/22/2012).

The technical problem that cannot be solved by the known technical solution lies in the high probability of the formation of casting defects in the nadressornoj beam cast in a known mold, such as warping, cold and hot cracks, as well as the formation of thermal stresses during cooling of the castings.

The technical result achieved by using the utility model is to improve the quality and reliability of the nadressor beam of a freight wagon trolley made in a mold.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a mold for manufacturing a nadressornoj beam, including the upper belt, made with a cylindrical thrust bearing with a supporting surface and a thrust annular collar, with bearing pads for side bearings with mounting holes, the lower belt, made with bearing pads on spring springs suspensions, vertical side walls with holes connecting the upper and lower zones, and pockets in the end parts of the nadresornoy beam, for installing wedges friction damper of oscillations containing the lower and upper half-molds of molding material, having cavities that, when closed, form a casting cavity that forms the external contour of the pressurized beam, rods that form the internal contour of the pressurized beam, and the sprue system, including the riser, sprue passages and profits located in the zones the bearing surface of the thrust bearing, bearing pads for side-bearings and pockets in the end parts of the nadressornoj beam, while in the upper half-mold there are the supports installed in the zones of the bearing surface of the heel A reference sites under Slides, pockets in the end portions of the bolsters and profits over membranes, according to the utility model, and lower. the upper half-molds are made by vacuum-film molding and consist of a loose molding material enclosed in flasks and sealed with synthetic films.

In particular forms of realization of the shell of profits, above which the supports are installed, they are made without a top cover with the organization of pressures from the upper edge of the shell of the profit to the upper surface of the flask, and the diameters of the shells are made not exceeding the diameters of the shells of profit.

In a preferred embodiment, the mold consists of two equal parts parallel to each other, with the riser system located between the two parts of the lower half-mold on the transverse axis line.

The manufacture of the mold of the pressurized beam using vacuum-film molding in combination with the proposed location of the spouts allows casting of the pressurized beam without internal and external defects, with improved strength properties. The implementation of shells of profits, above which there are supports, without a top cover with the organization of pressures from the upper edge of the shell of profit to the upper surface of the flask, as well as the execution of diameters of the pressures commensurate with the diameters of the profits increases the yield of gases, which improves the metal supply of the zones of the heat nodes of the casting of the nadresnogo beam . Placing the riser between two parts of the mold in the manufacture of the mold from two equal parts located parallel to each other, contributes to the most uniform filling of the mold cavity by the metal. In total, the proposed design of the mold provides an increase in the quality and reliability of the nadressornoj beams of the freight wagon trolley made in this mold.

The implementation of the proposed utility model is illustrated by graphic materials, which show:

in FIG. 1 - casting nadressornogo beam with gating system, consisting of two equal parts, axonometric projection;

in FIG. 2 - lower half-form, axonometric projection;

in FIG. 3 - upper half-form, axonometric projection;

in FIG. 4 - upper flask assembly with a model of a nadressornoj beam, a longitudinal section.

In FIG. 1 shows a pair of castings 1 of a nadressornoj beam after removing from the mold and before removing the elements of the gate system. Each of the castings of the nadressor beam contains an upper belt 2, a lower belt 3, vertical side walls 4 with holes connecting the upper 2 and lower 3 zones, and pockets 5 in the end parts of the nadressornoj beam for installing wedges of friction vibration dampers. The upper belt 2 is made with a cylindrical thrust bearing 2.1 with a supporting surface and a persistent annular shoulder, with supporting platforms 2.2. under side clamps with fixing holes. The lower belt 3 is made with supporting platforms on the spring suspension springs (not shown by the position).

The sprue system includes a riser 6, sprue passages 7, profits 8, supports 9. Riser 6 is located between two parts of the casting 1, parallel to each other, on the line of the transverse axis O-O. The shells of profits 8 are located in the zones necessary for additional power supply, such as the zones of the bearing surface of the thrust bearing 2.1, the bearing pads 2.2 for side-bearings and pockets 5. The strips 9 are located in the zones necessary for eliminating gas defects and blockages, which are the zones above the shells of the profits 8 and most remote in height and length from the location of the riser 6 of the zone of the bearing surface of the thrust bearing 2.1, bearing pads 2.2 and pockets 5. The fins 9, which are located above the profits 8, can be made with diameters up to the diameters of shells of profits 8. In order to ensure the most efficient gas removal, the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the strips 9 to the cross-sectional area of the riser 6 is not less than 2: 1.

The lower half-mold (Fig. 2) contains a casting cavity 10.1, the surface of which forms the external contour of the lower part of the nadressornoj beam. Inside the cavity 10.1, rods 11 are placed that form the inner contour, the thrust bearing of the overpressor beam. The lower half-mold is limited by the lower flask 12, which is filled with loose molding material 13, for example, dry sand.

The upper half-mold (Fig. 3) contains a cavity 10.2, the surface of which forms the outer contour of the upper part of the nadressornoj beam. The upper half-mold is limited by the upper flask 14, which is filled with the same molding material 13.

In the upper flask 14 (Fig. 4), vacuum tubes 15 are installed parallel to each other and uniformly along the length of the upper flask 14, each of which is located at the same distance of at least 3 cm relative to the external contour of model 16 of the pressure beam. Similarly installed vacuum tubes in the lower flask 12.

The utility model works as follows.

In the manufacture of the lower and upper half-molds of a mold for casting a pressure beam, the well-known vacuum-film molding technology is used. To do this, model 16 of the sprung beam is installed on the model plate 17 (Fig. 4), then a synthetic film previously softened by heating is applied to the surface of the model equipment, the cavities of the model plate 17 and model 16, including a vacuum pump, are vacuum-coated, a non-stick coating is applied to the synthetic film.

In the semi-molds, the elements of the gate system are fixed - the riser 6, the gate 7, the shells of the profits 8 and models of spouts 9. Profits 8 are placed in areas where additional casting power is needed; such places in the design of the nadressornoj beams are the areas of the supporting surface of the thrust bearing 2.1, the bearing pads 2.2 for the side bearings and pockets 5. Next, install the upper flask 14, inside which are the vacuum tubes 15. Fill the flask 14 with loose molding material 13, for example, dry sand, compact it and on the counterlad flask 14 impose a synthetic film. The flask 14 is evacuated with a vacuum pump to create a vacuum in the range from 0.2 atm to 0.5 atm. At the same time, the creation of a vacuum below 0.2 atm degrades the compliance of the form and is difficult to achieve technologically; when a vacuum is created above 0.5 atm, the synthetic films do not acquire a hardness sufficient to hold the sand, which can lead to a mold collapse. After extracting the model 16, the finished upper mold half of the nadressornoj beam is obtained.

In the manufacture of the lower and upper half-molds, it is advisable to simultaneously install in each of the half-molds a pair of equal casting cavities for casting nadressor beams. To do this, initially on the model plate 17, having a sufficient area for this, two models 16 are installed, located parallel to each other. The riser 6 is placed equidistant between the two parts of the lower half-mold on the line of the transverse axis O-O, which ensures uniform pouring of metal.

Claims (3)

1. A mold for the manufacture of a nadressor beam of a running carriage of a railway freight car, including an upper belt made with a cylindrical thrust bearing with a supporting surface and a thrust ring collar, with supporting platforms for side bearings with mounting holes, a lower belt made with supporting platforms for spring suspension springs , vertical side walls with holes connecting the upper and lower zones, and pockets in the end parts of the nadressornoy beam for installing wedges friction dampers to oscillations containing the lower and upper half-molds of molding material, having cavities that, when closed, form a casting cavity for forming the external contour of the pressurized beam, rods for forming the internal contour of the pressurized beam, and a sprue system including a riser, sprue passages and profits located in the supporting zones the surface of the thrust bearing, bearing pads for side-bearings and pockets, while in the upper half-mold in the zones of the supporting surface of the thrust bearing, bearing pads for sliding, pockets at the end parts x bolster and profits over shells installed risers, characterized in that the lower and upper mold halves are made of particulate molding material enclosed in a sealed flask and synthetic films by vacuum film forming. 2. The mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressures on profits made in the form of a shell without a top cover are located from the upper edge of the profit shell to the upper surface of the flask, and the diameters of the presses do not exceed the diameters of the shells of profits. 3. The mold according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of two equal parts parallel to each other, while the riser system is located between the two parts of the mold on the line of the transverse axis.

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