RU188210U1 - SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT OF THE ELEVATOR UNIT WITH REGULATION OF CONSUMPTION OF HEAT ENERGY - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of heat engineering, namely to the centralized heat supply of residential, public and industrial buildings, and can be used to control heat consumption in heating systems of buildings and structures.

A control system for an elevator unit with regulation of heat energy consumption is proposed based on a differential pressure controller and a freely programmable controller with dispatching functions, to which a frequency converter for an electric drive of a booster-mixing pump is connected, pressure sensors connected to the supply pipe of the heating network after the differential pressure controller and to return pipe of the heating network, or differential pressure sensor between these pipelines. In this case, the differential pressure controller is made in the form of an electric control valve with a return spring and is also connected to a freely programmable controller.

Using the inventive device allows for more reliable operation of the heat supply system both in a wide range of changes in external weather conditions, and in the event of an emergency.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of heat engineering, namely to the centralized heat supply of residential, public and industrial buildings, and can be used to control heat consumption in heating systems of buildings and structures.

It is widely known that when heating buildings, it becomes necessary to switch from the temperature schedule of the heating network (150/70 ° C, 130/70 ° C) to the temperature schedule of the building heating system (95/70 ° C, 105/70 ° C). The transfer of thermal energy from the heating network to the heating system is carried out by changing the temperature of the coolant, which is installed on the heat source (TPP, boiler room) depending on the outdoor temperature according to a given temperature schedule. For various reasons, heat sources can supply a heat carrier with a high temperature both at minus and plus outside temperatures, which leads to increased consumption of thermal energy by consumers and cost overruns for paying for heat. These excessive financial costs can be prevented by regulating the consumption of thermal energy in the consumer's heat supply system.

Currently, to control the water temperature, various building heating systems are used, equipped with an elevator (SU 1046580, 1983; SU 1046581, 1983; RU 1066580, 1983; RU 92716, 2010.), As a rule, systems contain supply and return pipelines, an elevator, gate valves located before and after the elevator and heating appliances. Thus, heat supply systems of a building are known (RU 2827762, 2006 RU 2427762, 2011), containing supply and return pipelines, elevator, valves located before and after the elevator, and heating devices, while the elevator is installed on the supply pipeline parallel to the valve with an electric drive and a regulator rotation speed in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings and is equipped with a temperature controller that includes an air temperature controller with temperature sensors inside and outside the building and a water temperature controller with a temperature sensor besides, the air and water temperature controllers contain interconnected blocks of comparison, tasks, blocks of nonlinear feedback, electronic and magnetic amplifiers connected to the speed controller in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings of the electric valve actuator.

The disadvantage of these systems is the over-expenditure of network water in transition periods when it is allowed to reduce the normalized required temperatures of the heating system, due to the inability to control the quantitative flow of coolants through the elevator without changing its pressure.

It is known (RU 2400796, 2010) a device for automatically controlling heat consumption, comprising a water-jet elevator, a heat consumer, a unit for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the coolant in the supply pipe, a supply pipe, a heat meter, a coolant pressure sensor, a control unit, a key, a pressure limiter, and the second the input of the key is connected to the first output of the control unit, the sensor of the weighted average temperature of the internal environment, the sensor of the ambient temperature, the unit for measuring flow and temperature ositelya in the return pipe.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide reliable and long-term operation in the main and standby operation modes, since it has a rather complicated system of local floor control of heat distribution, which is typical for riser heating systems.

A device is known for automatic heat consumption control (RU 2509335, 2013) which comprises a supply pipe, a key connected in series, a water-jet elevator, a heat consumer, a return pipe, and a control unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the key, a circulation pump, the first input of which is connected with a return pipe, the second input of the circulation pump is connected to the second output of the control unit, and the output of the circulation pump is connected to the second input of the water-jet elevator.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide reliable and long-term operation, since it has a rather complicated system of local floor control of heat distribution, which is typical for riser heating systems. In addition, when the circulation pump is turned off, it does not provide a stable hydraulic mode and a constant flow rate of the coolant in the heating system.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a control system for the elevator unit with regulation of heat energy consumption based on a controller with a data collection and transmission unit from the heat meter, connected by communication channels to the temperature sensors of the coolant on the inlet pipe of the heating system and outdoor air and the control signal transmission channel for correction rotational speed of the electric booster-mixing pump (V.K. Ilyin. Low-cost solution to eliminate overflows in systems about opleniya. heating News №5 (May), 2011, pp. 45-50). The elevator assembly includes a supply pipe of a heating network, a differential pressure regulator connected in series, a water-jet elevator, an inlet pipe of a heating system, a heating system and a return pipe of a heating system and a heating network, as well as a jumper in front of the elevator with a step-up pump with a variable frequency drive and hydraulic inlet from the return line through the check valves and hydraulic inlet through the check valve and the check valves in the feed pipe heat conductive network after the differential pressure regulator.

The disadvantage of this device is the low quality of heat supply due to the greater unevenness in regulating the consumption of thermal energy, due to the use of a "direct action" differential pressure regulator with low regulation accuracy and high inertia, as well as insufficient data collection and transmission from the heat meter through communication channels due to lack of feedback.

The task to which the claimed utility model is aimed is to improve the quality of regulation of heat energy consumption, which would ensure comfortable conditions in the premises of buildings by eliminating overflows in heating systems.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the control system, along with the temperature sensors of the coolant and the outside air and the channel for transmitting control commands through the frequency converter to the electric drive of the booster-mixing pump, on the supply pipe of the heating network in front of the elevator and on the return pipe contains sensors connected to the controller controlling the pressure drop between the above pipelines.

To measure the pressure drop, pressure sensors in pipelines use, as a rule, a differential pressure sensor connected to the controller, the pulse tubes of which are connected to the supply pipe of the heating network in front of the elevator and to the return pipe of the heating system and heat network. Optimum results are achieved if an electric control valve with a return spring is used as a differential pressure regulator.

If necessary, to measure the differential pressure in the pipelines, as a differential pressure sensor, two pressure sensors can be used installed on the supply and return pipelines and connected to the controller.

As a controller, a freely programmable controller with a data reception and transmission unit is used, capable of programming the amount of installation of the required differential pressure of the network water in front of the elevator, as well as collecting, receiving and transmitting data via communication channels for remote control of the system from the control center.

The combination of differential pressure control sensors with a frequency converter of the electric drive and an electric control valve allows the controller to implement the proportional-integral-differential control law (PID control), which provides more accurate temperature and pressure drop control of the coolant.

A diagram of the inventive device is shown in FIG. 1. The installation diagram of the control system on the elevator assembly is shown in FIG. 2 (with differential pressure sensor) and FIG. 3 (with two pressure sensors). Arrows indicate: dotted lines indicate information transmission channels, solid lines indicate control channels. The following notation is used in the diagrams:

1. controller;

2. data reception and transmission unit;

3. coolant temperature sensor;

4. outdoor temperature sensor;

5. frequency converter;

6. differential pressure regulator;

7. pressure sensor;

8. pressure sensor;

9. differential pressure sensor;

10. the supply pipe of the heating network;

11. water-jet elevator;

12. heating system inlet pipe

13. heating system;

14. return pipe heating system and heating network

15. jumper;

16. booster pump;

17. electric drive;

18. hydraulic inlet from the return pipe;

19. shutoff valves;

20. hydraulic outlet to the supply pipe of the heating network;

21. check valve;

22. shutoff valves.

The control system is based on the use of a freely programmable controller 1, which provides information from temperature and differential pressure sensors, using the data reception and transmission unit 2 transmits controlled parameters via communication channels to a server running the SCADA system, and then, when necessary, sends operator commands to adjust the operating mode of the equipment (pump, control valve, etc.). Remote scheduling is provided through communication channels, for example, via the Internet, Ethernet, and cellular communications. All basic settings of the freely programmable controller 1 can be changed from the control room, including PID control coefficients, temperature graph, temperature graph offset, setting the pressure drop.

The controller 1 receives constant information from the outdoor temperature sensors 4 and the coolant 3 on the inlet pipe 12 of the heating system 13 and through frequency regulation using the frequency converter 5 of the electric drive 17 of the up-mixing pump 16 and the differential pressure controller 6 maintains the required water temperature after the elevator 11 according to the temperature schedule in the heating system 13 depending on the outdoor temperature. Monitoring the operation of the system is carried out by the magnitude of the differential pressure using sensors 9 or 7 and 8.

The adjustable elevator assembly contains a supply pipe to the heating network 10, a sequentially connected control valve (differential pressure controller) 6, a water-jet elevator 11, an inlet pipe 12 of the heating system 13 and a return pipe 14 of the heating system and heating network, as well as a jumper 15 in front of the elevator with a mixing pump 16 with an electric drive 17, electrically connected to the frequency converter 5, a hydraulic input 18 from the return pipe 14 through the stop valves 19 and a hydraulic outlet 20 cut the check valve 21 and stop valves 22 into the supply pipe of the heat network 10 after the differential pressure controller 6.

The freely programmable controller 1 provides the following monitoring and control functions:

- control of the temperature of the coolant in the inlet pipe 12 of the heating system 13 and the outdoor temperature;

- control of the differential pressure of the mains water in front of the elevator 11 or pressure control in the supply pipe of the heating network 10 in front of the elevator 11 and in the return pipe 14 of the heating system 13 and the heating network;

- PID regulation of the differential pressure in front of the elevator 11;

- PID control of the temperature of the coolant in the inlet pipe 12 of the heating system 13;

- Implementation of a weekly program of nighttime temperature reduction;

- lowering the temperature of the coolant supplied to the heating system 13, on weekends and holidays.

- changing and shifting the temperature graph of the heating system and the installation value to the pressure drop of the coolant in front of the elevator 11, including remotely from the dispatch system;

- monitoring the status of the pump 16 and its frequency of rotation;

- control the degree of opening of the electrical control valve 6;

- control of the availability of power.

The control system of the elevator unit with the regulation of thermal energy consumption works as follows. The temperature graph of the heating system is entered into the freely programmable controller 1 by at least 10 points with specifying the values of the upper and lower sections of the graph, which allows the use of non-linear temperature graphs that reflect the heat-insulating and heat-accumulating characteristics of the building, as well as the non-linearity of heat transfer from the heating devices of the heating system . In the controller 1, the input of the installation of the parallel shift of the temperature graph "up-down" is provided.

To ensure high accuracy of maintaining the differential pressure in front of the elevator 11 in the freely programmable controller 1, PID control is implemented by a signal from the differential pressure sensor 9 or by signals from the pressure sensor 7 on the supply pipe of the heating network 10 in front of the elevator 11 and pressure sensor 8 on the return pipe 14 of the heating system 13 and the heating network due to the operation of the electric control valve (differential pressure regulator) 6 with its automatic adaptation to the operation mode of up-mixing on Wasp 16. For this, according to the readings of the sensors of the outdoor temperature 4 and the temperature of the coolant 3 at the inlet pipe 12 of the heating system 13, the freely programmable controller 1 performs PID control by frequency control of the electric drive 17 of the booster pump 16, ensuring the maintenance of the required water temperature after the elevator 11 according to the temperature graph in the heating system 13 depending on the outdoor temperature. The automatic adaptation of the operating mode of the electric control valve 6 to the operating mode of the boost-mixing pump 16 is ensured by the autonomous operation of the PID differential pressure controller and the PID temperature controller and hydraulic communication via the coolant of the differential pressure controller 6 and the boost-mixing pump 16.

If the temperature of the coolant in the inlet pipe 12 of the heating system 13 is higher than the required value according to the temperature schedule of the heating system, the boost-mixing pump 16 is turned on with the output to the required capacity using the frequency converter 5 by commands from the freely programmable controller 1.

According to the readings of the differential pressure control sensors 7 and 8 or 9, the freely programmable controller 3 by means of the differential pressure controller 6 ensures that the differential pressure in front of the elevator 11 is constant, since the change in pressure in front of the elevator 11 associated with the operation of the up-mixing pump 16 is compensated by smooth closing or opening the differential pressure controller 6. In this case, the flow rate of the coolant from the supply pipe of the heat network 10 is changed and, thereby, maintaining the temperature Ura coolant in the inlet pipe 12 of the heating system 13 depending on the outdoor temperature according to the temperature sensor 4 according to the temperature schedule of the heating system 13.

The pressure drop in front of the elevator 11 does not change over the entire range of weather regulation, the elevator operates in the prescribed hydrodynamic mode while maintaining a constant flow rate through the nozzle and. accordingly, the constant flow rate of the coolant through the heating system 13, i.e. elevator fully retains its function as a mixing jet pump.

Since the differential pressure controller 6 maintains the required differential pressure in front of the elevator 11, taking into account the installed nozzle, the maximum water flow from the supply pipe of the heating network 10 cannot be exceeded, i.e. Consistency of contractual heat loads is ensured.

In the event of an emergency power outage, the up-mixing pump 16 is turned off, the electric control valve 6 fully opens under the action of a return spring, and the elevator 11 continues to operate in its characteristic mode, but without weather control of heat consumption, which ensures high reliability of heat supply. Weather regulation automatically resumes after power is restored.

When the booster-mixing pump 16 fails, the elevator 11 also continues to operate in its characteristic mode, but without weather regulation and maintaining its hydrodynamic characteristics, while there will be no interruption in heat supply.

For these reasons, the power supply of the heat point with an elevator control system with regulation of heat energy consumption can be performed according to the third category of reliability.

In a heating station with an elevator control system, the following contingencies are potentially possible:

- open circuit communication with the outdoor air sensor 4;

- a break in the communication line with the temperature sensor 3 on the inlet pipe of the heating system 13;

- open circuit communication with a differential pressure sensor 9;

- a break in the communication line with the pressure sensor 7 on the supply pipe 10 of the heating network in front of the elevator 11 and / or with the pressure sensor 8 on the return pipe 14 of the heating system 13;

- failure of the boost-mixing pump 16 or manual shutdown of this pump;

- power outage.

When the above abnormal situations occur, the control electric valve 6 automatically automatically opens with the help of a return spring, and the up-mixing pump 16 is switched off.

After eliminating the emergency, the elevator control system automatically goes into normal operation with the previous settings.

Using the inventive device allows for more reliable operation of the heat supply system both in a wide range of changes in external weather conditions, and in the event of an emergency.

Claims (5)

1. The control system of the elevator unit with the regulation of heat energy consumption based on a differential pressure controller and a controller with a data collection and transmission unit connected by information receiving channels to outdoor temperature and coolant temperature sensors and a control command transmission channel through a frequency converter to an electric drive of an up-mixing pump characterized in that the differential pressure sensors connected to the controller are additionally connected to the information transmission channels e to the supply pipe heat network after the differential pressure regulator and a return pipe heat network. 2. The control system of the elevator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains pressure sensors on the supply pipe of the heating network in front of the elevator and on the return pipe of the heating network as sensors for monitoring the differential pressure. 3. The control system of the elevator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a differential pressure sensor, the impulse tubes of which are connected to the supply pipe of the heating network in front of the elevator and to the return pipe of the heating network as sensors for monitoring the differential pressure. 4. The control system of the elevator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the differential pressure controller is made in the form of an electric control valve with a return spring, which is connected to the controller. 5. The control system of the elevator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a freely programmable controller with the ability to program the installation of the required differential pressure of the network water in front of the elevator, as well as the collection, reception and transmission of data via communication channels for remote control the system from the control room.

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