RU187923U9 - PIPE FOR LAYING CABLE LINE WITH PROTECTION OF CABLE SHELL AGAINST MECHANICAL DAMAGE AT END PARTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of laying cable lines, incl. cable transmission lines of electricity, in particular, are intended for use when laying power cable lines of voltage classes 1kV and higher in pipes pulled into the ground by the method of horizontal directional drilling (HDD). The technical result achieved by the claimed utility model will consist in increasing the degree of protection of the shell cable underground cable line laid in the pipe, mainly by the method of HDD, during the entire period of its operation, which simultaneously and inextricably increases electrical safety and service life of this cable line. The claimed technical result is achieved by using a pipe for laying a cable line, comprising a hollow cylindrical body with a through, longitudinal cable channel defined by the side surface of the body, and end sections for cable entry and exit to / from the cable cavity. channel, and not less than one end portion of the pipe is provided with a tubular end profile spreader with a bell formed by bending of the side surface of the expander body with a smooth expansion of the opening Uba to the free end, wherein the lateral surface of the bending radius of the socket expander tube Rpo its inner surface does not exceed the greatest bending radius of the cable Rpod own weight. 16 hp f-ly, 6 ill.

Description

Purpose and scope.

The invention relates to the field of laying cable lines, incl. cable transmission lines of electricity, in particular, are intended for use when laying power cable lines of voltage classes 1kV and higher in pipes pulled into the ground by the method of horizontal directional drilling (HDD).

Prior art

Cable lines are an alternative to overhead power lines and are usually used in places where the construction of overhead lines is impossible or difficult, particularly in urban environments. The advantages of such lines are higher resistance to various atmospheric influences, a high degree of reliability and safety during operation, which allows wide use in power supply networks of electricity consumers of various voltage classes.

There is a method of laying single-circuit and multi-chain cable power lines in the ground (see Panteleev EG. Installation and repair of cable lines: Handbook of electrician / edited by AD Smirnova et al. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1990. - C. 72-78).

At the same time, in recent years, the laying of power cable lines of voltage classes of 1kV and above is increasingly being carried out in pipes pulled into the ground by the method of horizontal directional drilling (HDD). The use of HDD makes it possible to reduce the time and cost of construction, to reduce the volume of project approvals in various instances.

The closed cable line transitions constructed by the HDD method are arranged by laying cables in pre-stretched, after the expander, plastic sheath pipes corresponding to GOST 18599. For cable lines with a voltage of up to 35 kV, cable shells being pulled into the drilling channel are usually formed as package (https://elektro-montagnik.ru/?address=labs/lab2/&page=page4#hcq=jY3Aq7r).

However, the presence of pipes when laying cable lines in this way is not always able to reliably protect the cable from mechanical damage. One of the reasons for the deformation and damage to the outer sheath of the cable is the impact of sharp edges on it at the ends of the pipe sections (Fig. 1) at the point where the cable line (cable) 2 exits the pipe 1, which can occur as if the cable is tightened into the pipes, and during the operation of cable lines.

Currently, to minimize the risk of damage to the cable when it is pulled into the pipe during installation work near the end of the pipe, as a rule, a special roller (https://pikabu.ru/story/prokladka_kabelnoy_linii_110_kv_6228970) is installed that prevents the shell from rubbing against the sharp edge pipe end, however, there are cases when the roller was either installed incorrectly or was completely absent.

Also, in order to avoid damage to the cable when it is tightened, special metal devices can be installed on the end of the pipe, resembling a cone or funnel in appearance, which prevents the cable sheath from coming into contact with the pipe end. After mounting the cable, such a device must be removed.

During cable operation, the edge of the pipe at the cable outlet can also affect its jacket, for example, due to supporting the cable under its own weight, as well as the weight of soil and equipment on the edge of the pipe, thereby causing deformation of the shell. In such cases, in order to minimize damage to the cable sheath, at the point where the cable exits the pipe, one or more sandbags are placed under it (https://pikabu.ru/story/prokladka_kabelnoy_linii_110_kv_6228970), but this solution has proven to be unreliable because of possible sedimentation of a layer of sand and the like deformations of a pillow under the influence of aggressive external environments and unfavorable operating conditions, which together with pushing a layer of foam placed in the end of the pipe end section to seal the entrance and fix the cable position in the cavity of pipes th channel, under the weight of the cable, not only provides adequate protection to the integrity of the cable jacket, but on the contrary can create additional conditions for abrasion, deformation and other damage to the cable sheath, thereby reducing the level of operating electrical cable line as a whole.

It is also known technical solution disclosed in the publication of US patent No. 4780025, in which the laying of the cable is carried out by pulling through pipes that have low friction properties. Nozzles reinforced with a clamp to the console. The console is attached to racks and other devices. However, this method is applicable in reinforced concrete tunnels for laying cable lines, is difficult in the technical implementation and is not applicable in the construction of cable lines laid in pipes by the HDD method.

Thus, at present, in the prior art, there is no information about the fame of the technical solution that provides significant minimization of the risk of damage to the cable sheath on the end sections of the pipe throughout the operation of the cable line while maintaining the simplicity of the design of the pipe channel at the point of cable exit. The solution to this problem is an urgent task in this field of technology.

The essence of the claimed utility model.

A technical problem and a technical problem related to it, solved by the claimed utility model, is to offer a simple cable protection structure at the point of its exit at the end sections of the underground cable pipe line laid in the pipe, preferably by the HDD method.

At the same time, the technical result achieved by the claimed utility model will consist in increasing the degree of protection of the cable sheath of an underground cable line laid in a pipe, mainly by the HDD method, for the entire period of its operation, which simultaneously and inseparably increases electrical safety and service life of this cable line.

The claimed technical result is achieved by using a pipe for laying a cable line, comprising a hollow cylindrical body with a through, longitudinal cable channel defined by the lateral surface of the body, and end sections for cable entry and exit to / from the cable channel cavity, at least one end section of the pipe is provided with a tubular end profile spreader with a bell formed by a bend of the side surface of the expander casing with smooth expansion opening the socket to the free end, where p The radius of bending of the side surface of the bell of the tube extender R _T along its inner surface does not exceed the maximum bend radius of the cable R _К under its own weight.

In one of the preferred embodiments of the claimed utility model, the socket of the end profile body expander is flared at the end of the pipe.

Whereas, in another preferred embodiment of the utility model, the end profile expander may be made in the form of a nozzle rigidly connected to the end section of the pipe, while the internal diameter of the expander DB2 coincides with the internal diameter of the pipe DB1.

In one of the possible embodiments of the utility model, the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe is one-piece, in particular, for example, the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe can be performed by butt welding.

In another possible embodiment of the utility model, the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe can be additionally provided with fastening means and made detachable. For example, in one of the embodiments, the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe can be accomplished by means of a coupling connection, where the fastening means is made in the form of a coupling provided with response fixing means on the end profile expander and the pipe body at its end section, ensuring that tightness of the connection along the contour of the pipe body.

According to the claimed utility model, the pipe body, in one of the possible embodiments, can be made of polymeric materials, while in another possible embodiment, the pipe body is made of metal, and in yet another possible embodiment of the pipe body, it can be made of composite materials.

According to the claimed solution of the utility model, according to any of the possible embodiments, the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe can be additionally provided with a centering seal installed in the internal cable channel. with the possibility of fixing the cable of the cable line in the center of the cable channel. Moreover, the centering sealant, in one of the variants, can be made with the possibility of fixing the cable of the cable line in the center of the cable channel, and in another possible embodiment, the centering sealant can also be made with the possibility of fixing the bundle of cable of the cable line in the middle region -channel along its longitudinal axis.

The end profile expander, according to the withered utility model, in one of the possible embodiments, may be an end profile expander of a figured shape with the contour of the bell body from the side of the outlet opening having an oval shaped socket.

In addition, it is also possible options for implementation, according to which, in one of them, the pipe body and the end of the profile expander are made of homogeneous materials, and in accordance with another option, they are made of dissimilar materials.

Brief description of the drawings.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 is an example of a cable line laid in a pipe (prior art);

figure 2 is an example of the implementation of the pipe for the laying of cable lines with end profile extender (expander) on the end portion, made flaring (section);

figure 3 - extender end section as a nozzle (cross section);

4 is an example implementation of a pipe for laying cable lines with an expander at the end portion connected to the pipe by butt welding (section);

5 is an example of the implementation of a pipe for laying cable lines with an expander at the end portion connected to the pipe by a coupling joint (section);

6 - cable laid in a pipe: (a) the pipe wall is filled with foam (prior art), b) an example of the implementation of a pipe for laying cable lines equipped with an expander at the end section and a centering seal installed in the cable channel at the junction of the pipe and expander.

In this case, the drawings indicate the following items:

1 - pipe

2 - cable

3 - cable channel

4 - side surface of the housing,

5 - end pipe section

6 - end profile expander,

7 - bending section of the tubular body of the end profile expander (socket),

8 - straight section of the tubular body of the end profile expander,

9 - welded connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe by butt welding,

10 - coupling connection

11 - centering seal

12 - foam seal.

It should be noted that the accompanying drawings illustrate only some of the most preferred embodiments of the utility model and cannot be considered as limiting the content of the utility model, which includes other embodiments.

The feasibility of the utility model.

According to the claimed utility model, some embodiments of which are represented in the drawings of FIGS. 2-6, a pipe 1 for laying a cable line (cable) 2, comprises a hollow cylindrical body with a through, longitudinal cable channel 3 bounded by the side surface 4 of the body, and the ends of the input and output cable to / from the cavity of the cable channel. From one of the end 5 sections, the pipe 1 is provided with a tubular end profile expander 6 of the body with a bend in the side surface of the pipe forming a bell 7 with a smooth expansion opening to the free end where the bend radius of the side surface of the socket 7 of the pipe expander R _T does not exceed on its inner surface the largest bending radius of the cable is RK _.

The presence of a tubular end profile expander (expander) at one of the end sections (free ends) of the pipe ensures a smooth rounding and expansion of the cable channel of the pipe to the free end so that when choosing the bend radius of the side surface of the socket 7 expander from the condition R _T ≤ R _K The proposed construction of a pipe for laying a cable ensures protection of the cable sheath, both when it is pulled into the pipe and during its further operation. The steeper bend of the socket due to the smaller bend radius of its side surface in the area of the outer alignment compared with the bend radius of the cable under its own weight at the inlet or outlet of the pipe, eliminates the contact edge of the cable sheath of the end edge of the expander bell at its free end, without the use of additional protection (figure 2). This result will be maintained both during cable entry into the cable channel (cable pulling) and during operation of the cable line, since the form of cable bending, even undergoing possible fluctuations associated with changes in the external operating conditions, will remain smoother with respect to to the bend of the expander socket, and therefore the cable sheath will not touch its outer edge. If the bending radius is equal, the bending section of the extender to the bending radius of the cable under its own weight, damage to the cable sheath is also excluded due to the formation of identical bends around the cable and the extender. In this case, the inner surface of the socket in the area of cable exit from the pipe of the cable channel forms an anti-friction supporting surface along which the cable slides without touching the outer end edge of the expander.

In the embodiment of the claimed utility model shown in FIG. 2, the expander is made together with a pipe body, for example, flaring the pipe end section, which can be carried out both in the industrial production of pipe elements and at the place of operation of the cable lines at the planned cable output point from the pipe.

However, a variant is possible, the implementation of the claimed solution of the utility model in which the expander is made in the form of a nozzle (FIG. 3-6) rigidly connected to the pipe body. In this embodiment, it is possible to commercially manufacture extenders with different bend radii of the socket, depending on the use of cable lines with different cable cross-sectional diameters and weights, which allows for quick selection of the extenders required by the shape, without the need to perform additional flaring operations at the socket the operation of cable lines, or the manufacture of pipe elements with a spreader in excess quantity and excessive length. In this case, the connection of the expander with the end 5 section of the pipe can be as one-piece, for example, butt-weld welding made in the form of a welded joint 9. This operation can be carried out at the place of operation of the cable line using known pipe welding equipment used in the art. At the same time, both the pipes and the expander are made of homogeneous or dissimilar materials suitable for their connection by welding. Weld seam ensures tightness of the structure, additionally providing the required level of electrical safety of the cable line operation.

However, the one-piece connection of the expander with the pipe reduces the level of maintainability of this node, requiring the disassembly of the expander, for example, when it is damaged as a result of external influence, and the installation of a replacement expander of non-standard length to compensate for stripping the weld. The attachment of the expander to the pipe with a removable connection, while ensuring the required level of tightness and rigidity of the connection, eliminates the above problem while retaining all the other advantages of the claimed solution. In the exemplary embodiments shown in FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a utility model with a detachable coupling 10 connection of the expander and the pipe. To ensure a reliable and hermetic connection, any similar solutions used in the art can be applied as such a coupling, ensuring the tightness and rigidity of the connection. As a rule, in this case, the expander coupling can be provided with counter-clamping means on the end profile expander and the pipe body at its end portion.

When the expander is removable, in the form of a nozzle connected to the pipe, it is preferable to perform it in the form of a smoothly mated straight 8 and a bend (socket) 7 sections (FIG. 3) of the tubular body of the end profile expander. The presence of a straight section allows the expander and the pipe to be connected in the most comfortable way, ensuring accurate positioning of the expander on the pipe body, by performing a straight pipe section, preferably identical to the pipe configuration, and at least with the same internal diameter D2 of the expander with the internal diameter of the pipe in place their compounds. The length of the straight section L2 (figure 3), while, as mentioned earlier, should provide the possibility of smooth butt-welding with the main pipe or installation of the coupling.

For more accurate positioning of the cable in the pipe, at the point of its exit from the cable channel, as well as strengthening the gap between the bend of the expander and the bending of the cable under its own weight in the area opening the expander socket at the open (free) end, connecting the end profile expander to the end section of the pipe It can additionally be equipped with a centering seal 11 (Fig. 6b) installed in the internal cable channel. with the possibility of fixing the cable of the cable line in the center of the cable channel. Comparison of the claimed solution with traditionally used foam seal 12 (Fig. 6a), which is traditionally used in the prior art, demonstrates the effectiveness of the claimed solution, ensuring safe cable exit from the pipe without contacting the pipe edge, thus protecting the cable jacket from mechanical damage due to chafing or deformation of the shell, which in turn inextricably increases electrical safety and service life of the cable line.

The claimed solution of the utility model is relevant for all types of cable lines and all types of pipes (metal, polyethylene, polymeric, plastic, etc.). at the same time, it is possible to make a pipe and expander of homogeneous and dissimilar materials, which allows to take into account the operating conditions of the structure. It is also possible to use the claimed solution for laying a bundle of cables, in this case, the shape of the socket of the expander can be made shaped with an oval shape of the housing from the opening side.

Thus, the claimed solution of the utility model, through the use of an end profile extender with a bending socket with a curvature radius of the inner surface less than or equal to the maximum bending radius of the cable under its own weight, protects the cable sheath from mechanical damage, thereby continuously improving the electrical safety of the cable life. lines.

Claims (17)

1. Pipe for cable cable line, containing a hollow cylindrical body with a through, longitudinal cable channel bounded by the lateral surface of the body, and end sections for input and output cable to / from the cavity of the cable channel, and not less than one end pipe section provided with a tubular end profile spreader with a socket formed by a bend of the side surface of the expander body with a smooth extension opening the socket to the free end, where the bend radius of the side surface of the expander socket of the expander The loss of RT over its inner surface does not exceed the largest radius of bending of the cable RK under its own weight. 2. Pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the socket of the end profile body expander is made flaring of the pipe end section. 3. Pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the end profile expander is made in the form of a nozzle rigidly connected to the end section of the pipe. 4. The pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that the inner diameter of the expander D2 coincides with the inner diameter of the pipe D1. 5. The pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe is made one-piece. 6. Pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe is made by butt welding. 7. The pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe can be additionally provided with fastening means and made detachable. 8. The pipe according to claim 7, characterized in that the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe is made by means of a coupling connection, where the fastening means is made in the form of a coupling equipped with response fixing means on the end profile expander and the pipe body at its end section, ensuring the possibility of ensuring the tightness of the connection along the contour of the pipe body. 9. Pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe body is made of polymeric materials. 10. Pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe body is made of metal. 11. Pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe body is made of composite materials 12. Pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the connection of the end profile expander with the end section of the pipe is additionally equipped with a centering seal installed in the internal cable channel, with the possibility of fixing the cable of the cable line in the center of the cable channel. 13. Pipe under item 12, characterized in that the centering seal is made with the possibility of fixing the cable of the cable line in the center of the cable channel. 14. Pipe under item 12, characterized in that the centering seal is made with the possibility of fixing the bundle of cables of the cable line in the middle region of the cable channel along its longitudinal axis. 15. Pipe according to any one of paragraphs. 1-11, 13, 14, characterized in that the end profile expander is made of a figured shape with the contour of the bell body from the outlet side having opened the socket of an oval shape. 16. Pipe according to any one of paragraphs.1-11, 13, 14, characterized in that the casing of the pipe and end profile expander are made of homogeneous materials. 17. Pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 11, 13, 14, characterized in that the casing of the pipe and the end profile expander are made of dissimilar materials.

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