RU187670U1 - MACHINE CONTROLLER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of vehicle control, in particular to control devices for railway rolling stock (diesel locomotive, electric locomotive, locomotive) and can be used to convert the actions of the driver into electrical control signals and switching circuits of the rolling stock. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase reliability of the device. The salient features of the claimed utility model are: the implementation of the conversion of the angle of rotation handles on proximity sensors; execution of the output signal of the current position of the main handle analog with transmission via the current loop interface; the implementation of at least two proximity sensors determine the fixed positions of the main handle, corresponding to zero and shunting speeds, which specify the switching of external control circuits; performing duplicated sensors to determine the position of the handle, processing units and signal conditioners and proximity electronic keys.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of vehicle control, in particular to control devices for railway rolling stock (diesel locomotive, electric locomotive, locomotive) and can be used to convert the actions of the driver into electrical control signals and switching circuits of the rolling stock.

The driver’s controller is a switching device used to control the operation of traction electric motors or diesel engines in traction and braking modes of rolling stock by changing the position of the handles.

A known unit of the positioner of the contactless controller of the driver (RF Patent No. 85743, H01H 19/60, publ. 08/10/2009), containing the main and reversing handles, position sensor blocks of the main and reversing handles, the position sensor block of the main handle contains N Hall sensors, where N is the number of positions of the main handle, the block of position sensors of the reversing handle, also mounted on the body, contains two Hall sensors, and a second lead with a magnet is fixed on the shaft of the mechanism for fixing the positions of the main handle.

Disadvantages: the reliability of the device is reduced, because there is no analog output signal that allows you to smoothly control the traction and braking of the rolling stock, there is no duplication in the formation of control signals and switching control circuits.

Also known is the positioner unit of the driver’s contactless controller controller (RF Patent No. 118116, Н01Н 19/60, published on July 10, 2012), containing the main and reversing handles; an encoder consisting of a magnet and a microcircuit is used as a sensor; switching control circuits are carried out using contactless keys .

Disadvantages: the reliability of the device is reduced, because there is no analog output signal that allows you to smoothly control the traction and braking of the rolling stock, there is no duplication in the formation of control signals and switching control circuits.

Also known is the controller of the driver for controlling motor-car rolling stock (RF Patent No. 101578, Н01Н 19/60, published on January 20, 2011), comprising a main handle, a reversing handle, a block of position sensors of the arms connected to the microcontroller, a driver of the output signal of the position of the arms for transmission to the communication line, switching control circuits by contactless keys.

Disadvantages: the reliability of the controller of the driver is reduced, because there is no analog output signal that allows you to smoothly control the traction and braking of the rolling stock, there is no duplication in the formation of control signals and switching control circuits.

The closest technical solution (prototype) to the claimed technical solution is the control command knob (RF Patent No. 2644143, G06G 5/00, Н01Н 19/00, published 07.02.2018) containing the main handle, means for converting the rotation angle of the main handle into a digital code that allows you to determine the fixed and non-fixed positions of the handle, means for generating and transmitting the generated control signals to the standard communication interface, a software and hardware module with non-volatile memory for calibrating the device and x injuries of the calibration table associated with means for converting the angle of rotation of the handle into a digital code and with means for generating and transmitting the generated control commands to the communication interface and allowing initial calibration without the use of additional equipment and remove additional requirements for the accuracy of assembly of the device and alignment of its moving parts .

Disadvantages: reduced reliability, as the mechanical connection of the position sensor with the shaft of the handle is used, a digital interface is used to transmit the output signal, therefore, coordination with the signal receiver is required, there are no additional switching signals of the rolling stock circuits, there is no duplication of control signals and switching control circuits, there are no additional sensors of fixed positions.

Currently, the technical problem is that in conditions of heavy use of railway transport and an increase in the average speed of rolling stock, the most relevant is the reliability of the operation of the driver’s controller when controlling rolling stock.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the reliability of the device.

The salient features of the claimed utility model are as follows:

- conversion of the angle of rotation of the handles on proximity sensors;

- execution of the output signal of the current position of the main handle analog with transmission via the current loop interface;

- the implementation of at least two non-contact sensors determine the fixed positions of the main handle, corresponding to zero and shunting speeds, which specify the switching of external control circuits;

- performing duplicate sensors to determine the position of the handle, processing units and signal conditioners and proximity electronic keys.

In contrast to the prototype, the specified set of essential distinguishing features of the claimed technical solution, along with the signs known from the prior art, can improve the reliability of the controller of the driver.

The essence of the utility model, its feasibility and the possibility of industrial application are illustrated by the drawings presented in FIG. 1-3.

In the drawings, there are the following notation:

1 - controller of the driver;

2 - the main handle;

3 - reverse handle;

4 - non-contact sensor of the current position of the main handle;

5 - non-contact sensors of fixed zero and shunting positions of the main handle;

6 - non-contact sensors of the position of the reverse handle;

7 - signal processing unit;

8 - shaper output analog signal;

9 - contactless keys;

10 - the first channel for transmitting information about the position of the arms;

11 - encoder proximity sensor for the current position of the main handle;

12 - magnet proximity sensor current position of the main handle;

13 - Hall sensors of non-contact sensors of fixed positions of the main handle;

14 - magnets of non-contact sensors of fixed positions of the main handle;

15 - additional non-contact sensor of the current position of the main handle;

16 - additional proximity sensors of fixed zero and shunting positions of the main handle;

17 - additional proximity sensors position of the handle of the reverse;

18 is an additional signal processing unit;

19 - additional driver of the output analog signal;

20 - additional contactless keys;

21 - the second channel for transmitting information about the position of the arms;

22 - additional encoder of a proximity sensor for the current position of the main handle;

23 - an additional magnet of a non-contact sensor for the current position of the main handle;

24 - additional Hall sensors of non-contact sensors of fixed positions of the main handle;

25 - additional magnets of non-contact sensors of fixed positions of the main handle.

The controller 1 of the driver (Fig. 2) contains the main handle 2 and the handle 3 of the reverse (Fig. 1), proximity sensors 4, 5, 6 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) of the position of the main handle 2 (Fig. 1, 2) and the reverse handles 3 (Fig. 1), connected to the input of the signal processing unit 7, to the output of which a shaper 8 of the output analog signal of the current position of the main handle 2 and non-contact keys 9, switching control circuits in accordance with the positions of the handles 2,3, are connected. Sensors 4, 5, 6, processing unit 7, driver 8 of the output analog signal of the current position of the main handle 2 and at least two proximity keys 9 form the first channel 10 for transmitting information about the position of the arms 2,3 of controller 1. As a non-contact sensor 4 positions of the main handle 2, an absolute angular encoder 11 is used with a magnet 12 mounted on the shaft of the main handle 2, forming a digital code corresponding to the current position of the main handle 2. The main handle 2 is made with the possibility of smooth shifting scheniya by shunting to the extreme position corresponding to the maximum reference traction or braking of rolling stock. Shaper 8 of the output signal is made in the form of a digital-to-analog converter, which generates a signal from the processing unit 7, made on the basis of the microcontroller, into the signals of the standard interface "current loop" (4-20 mA) according to GOST 26.011-80. The use of the specified "current loop" increases the reliability of the transmission of the output signal and provides diagnostics for the breakage of the external circuit of the device. Sensors 5, 6 of fixed positions of the reverse handle 3 and the main handle 2 are made non-contact based on Hall sensors 13 with magnets 14 and optical converters, respectively. The output signals of the controller 1 of the driver are formed in accordance with the calibration data (including primary) of the positions of the main handle 2 stored in the non-volatile memory of the microcontroller of the processing unit 7 from sensors 4, 5, 6, which allows calibrating the device without the use of additional equipment and eliminating additional requirements for the accuracy of assembly of the device and the adjustment of its moving parts. The controller 1 of the driver also contains additional (duplicated) proximity sensors 15, 16, 17 of the positions of the handle of the reverse 3 and the main handle 2, connected to the input of the additional processing unit 18, to the output of which is connected an additional driver 19 of the output analog signal of the current position of the main handle 2 and, at least two contactless keys 20, switching control circuits in accordance with the positions of the handles 2,3. The sensors 15, 16, 17, the processing unit 18, the driver 19 of the output analog signal of the current position of the main handle 2 and the proximity switches 20 form a second channel 21 for transmitting information about the position of the handles 2,3 of the controller 1. The sensor 15 is based on an encoder 22 with a magnet 23 mounted on the shaft of the main handle 2. The sensors 16, 17 of the fixed positions of the reverse handle 3 and the main handle 2 are made non-contact based on Hall sensors 24 with magnets 25 and optical converters, respectively.

The output signals on the second channel 21 for transmitting information about the position of the handles 2,3 of the controller 1 of the driver are formed in accordance with the calibration data (including primary) of the positions of the main handle 2 stored in the non-volatile memory of the microcontroller of the processing unit 15 of the signals from sensors 15, 16, 17 . Switching control circuits of the rolling stock is carried out by contactless electronic keys 20 (for example, optical relays). The internal circuits of the controller 1 of the driver are galvanically isolated from its external circuits. The signals of the controller 1 of the driver are output to two identical connectors (not shown in Fig.), Which are made in the form of standard terminal blocks or standard connectors. Implementation of sensors for determining the position of the handles, processing units and signal conditioners and proximity electronic keys duplicated forms two channels 10, 21 (Fig. 1) transmitting information about the position of the handles to the operator’s control panel.

The device operates as follows.

The driver's controller 1 converts the position of the main handle 2 and the reverse handle 3 into electrical signals and switching control circuits of the rolling stock. The reverse handle 3 is removable (in the neutral position), which provides protection against unauthorized control of the controller (rolling stock) during the absence of the driver, since the mutual locking of the main handle 2 and the reverse handle 3 does not allow the main handle 2 to be moved from the zero position.

In the process of controlling the movement of the rolling stock, the driver by moving the reverse handle 3 to the “FORWARD” or “BACK” position unlocks the main handle 2. Using the main handle 2, the driver controls the traction or braking of the rolling stock.

The main handle 2 is made with the possibility of its smooth movement (change of position) in the mode of setting traction and braking - between a fixed position corresponding to the shunting mode of movement of the rolling stock and the extreme position corresponding to the maximum task of traction or braking. When changing the position of the main handle 2, the magnetic field from the magnets 12, 23 mounted on the shaft of the main handle 2 (on both sides) acts on the encoders 11, 22 of the proximity sensors 4, 15, the proximity sensors 4, 15 transmit a signal on the position of the main handle 2 to the processing nodes 7, 18 of the signals, which, using the shapers of 8.19 output signals, depending on the software recorded in the microcontrollers of the processing nodes 7.18 and pre-setting the parameters of the driver 1 controller, generate the output signals of the current field The main handle 2. The position signals of the reverse handle 3 and the main handle 2 are generated by two independent (duplicated) channels: sensors 4, 5, 6, processing unit 7, output signal shaper 8, forming the first channel 10 for transmitting information about the state of the handles 2, 3 controllers 1, and additional sensors 15, 16, 17, an additional processing unit 18 and an additional output driver 19, forming a second channel 21 for transmitting information about the state of the arms 2,3 of controller 1, which increases the reliability of the device. When generating the output signals of the controller 1 of the driver, the calibration data of the positions of the main handle 2 are stored in the non-volatile memory of the microcontrollers of the signal processing units 7, 18. The presence of the calibration function allows you to take into account the nonlinearity and deviation of the dependence of the output signal from the angle of rotation of the main handle 2 due to the presence of technological deviations in the manufacture and assembly of the device.

When the driver moves the main handle 2 simultaneously with the formation of analog output signals corresponding to the position of the main handle 2, according to the signal from the proximity sensors 5, 17, made on the basis of magnets 14, 25 and Hall sensors 13, 24, in positions corresponding to zero or shunting speed , there is a switching of control circuits in the basic states of the rolling stock.

The control circuit is switched by contactless electronic keys 9, 20.

The use of proximity sensors 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17, the use of signal processing units 7, 18, shapers of the output analog signal 8, 19 for converting the angle of rotation of the handles 2, 3, and for switching control circuits - proximity electronic keys 9, 20 using microprocessors for data processing reduces the mechanical wear of the device elements, the use of device calibration at the manufacturing stage reduces the requirements for the accuracy of manufacturing of structural elements, which together allows to reduce the mass on-device performance and overall build additional signals, to ensure the reliability and safety of rolling stock movement.

The smooth movement of the main handle 2, as well as the use of magnets and encoders as sensors 4, 15, processing units 7, 18 based on programmable microcontrollers, allows you to generate smoothly changing signals for setting traction or braking of rolling stock, respectively. The smooth nature of the change in analog signals ensures a smooth change in the electrical modes of the traction equipment and the mechanical load on the rolling stock.

In the proposed device, the output analog signal is transmitted via the current loop interface and does not depend on the load parameters, because a current source is used, and not a voltage source used in the digital interface, which ensures high accuracy of signal transmission, and coordination with the signal receiver is not required, which is typical for signal transmission via the digital interface. The used analog signal (4-20) mA makes it possible to distinguish a zero signal from an open circuit unlike a digital signal, where “0” can occur both at a zero signal value and at an open circuit. The constant presence in the current line from 4 to 20 mA allows, if necessary, to provide power to the signal receiver.

Duplication of channels for determining the position and transmitting information about the position of the handles 2, 3 and the formation of all independent output signals increases the reliability of the device, including reducing the risk of using a faulty controller of the driver 1.

All output signals of the device are output to two identical connectors (standard terminal blocks or connectors) to which external electrical circuits of the rolling stock are connected.

Unlike the prototype, where the shaft of the main handle is connected to the encoder shaft through a coupling, in the proposed technical solution, the angle sensors of the handle are made non-contact, the signal from each sensor goes to the signal processing unit connected to the analog signal former.

In contrast to the prototype, where the generated control signals are transmitted using the digital communication interface, in the proposed technical solution, the output signal is made analog with transmission via the current loop interface, and electronic contactless keys are used for switching control circuits.

In contrast to the prototype, the proposed technical solution has at least two proximity sensors for determining fixed positions corresponding to zero or shunting speed, which specify the switching of external control circuits.

In contrast to the prototype, in the proposed technical solution, the sensors for determining the positions of the handles, the processing units and the signal conditioners and proximity electronic keys are duplicated.

The claimed technical problem can be solved by implementing and using the claimed utility model, which could not be solved by implementing the prototype of the claimed technical solution.

By using the combination of essential distinguishing features in the proposed technical solution along with the features known from the prior art, the claimed technical result is provided - increasing the reliability of the driver’s controller, and therefore the safety of rolling stock by using a non-contact magnet based on the magnet to convert the angle of rotation of the handle with encoder, execution of the output signal of the position of the main handle analog, smoothly setting be thrust regulation (inhibition) use analog signal transmission on the interface "current loop" that ensures the accuracy of transmission and diagnosis circuit integrity; the presence of additional non-contact sensors that determine fixed positions corresponding to zero and shunting speeds, and specify the appropriate switching of external circuits to control the main conditions of the rolling stock, duplication of channels for determining the position of the arms and the formation of independent output signals.

In the prior art, no analogue was found, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed utility model.

The proposed utility model is technically feasible and industrially feasible at the instrument-making enterprise. Currently made prototypes of the inventive controller of the driver for use on the urban electric train EG2Tv "Oriole". The tests confirm the achievement of the claimed technical result.

From the foregoing, we can conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the conditions of patentability of a utility model, i.e. is new and industrially applicable.

Claims (1)

 The driver's controller containing the main handle, means for converting the angle of rotation of the main handle into a digital code that allows you to determine fixed and non-fixed positions of the handle, means for generating and transmitting the generated control signals to the standard communication interface, a firmware module with non-volatile memory for calibrating the device and storing the calibration table associated with means for converting the angle of rotation of the handle into a digital code and with means for forming and transmitting the generated control commands to the communication interface and allowing to carry out the initial calibration without the use of additional equipment and to remove additional requirements for the accuracy of assembly of the device and the adjustment of its moving parts, characterized in that the means for converting the angle of rotation of the handle is made on a proximity sensor connected to the input of the node signal processing, the output of which is connected to the driver of the output analog signal of the current position of the main handle, and the output a the analog signal is transmitted via the current loop interface, and simultaneously with the formation of analog output signals, from a signal from at least two proximity sensors of zero and maneuvering position of the main handle in positions corresponding to zero and maneuver speed connected to the input of the signal processing unit , there is a switching of external contactless key control circuits, while the sensors determine the position of the handle, the processing unit, the output driver of the analog signal and the contactless keys chi are duplicated.

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