RU185934U1 - BREATHE-HELPING MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to breathing apparatus intended for use in emergency situations or when working in an atmosphere unsuitable for breathing. The breathing apparatus contains a front part with a panoramic eyeglass unit with a suction cup, a regeneration unit with a starting device, a filter, a distribution unit, inspiratory and expiratory valves, and connecting hoses. The front part is connected to the regenerative cartridge and the filter through the distribution unit with the help of the inhalation and exhalation hoses, and the exhalation hose includes an exhalation valve and is connected to the suction cup, the inhalation hose is connected to the front part in the area of the sight glass. In the breathing apparatus, it is possible to work in an infected atmosphere in two protection modes - filtering and isolating, glass fogging has been eliminated, and the "dead" volume has been reduced.

Description

The utility model relates to breathing apparatus intended for use in emergency situations or when working in an atmosphere unsuitable for breathing.

Known insulating breathing apparatus on chemically bound oxygen (invention PM No. 2461398 (publ. 21.03.2011)), containing a regenerative cartridge connected to the respiratory isolation unit with a connecting pipe mounted in the breathing bag, and the breathing bag is mounted on the connecting pipe by perforation made parallel to the outer edge of the neck of the bag.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that in such an apparatus it is necessary to maintain a constant overpressure in the circuit of the gas-emitting element and the absence of even the slightest leak from it. The loss of tightness of the circuit will lead to a decrease in pressure in it and, accordingly, to unauthorized switching of the device from the isolating protection mode to the filtering one, and therefore to the user's defeat.

Known breathing apparatus (invention PM No. 2461398 (publ. 09/20/2012)) comprising a front part, a regeneration unit with a starting device, a filter, a distribution unit, inspiratory and expiratory valves, and a gas duct connecting the regeneration unit to the distribution unit. The breathing apparatus further comprises a rotary cam mechanism, and the trigger of the regeneration unit is connected via a flexible rod to the distribution unit.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the exhalation is made into a regenerative cartridge, the inhalation is made from the breathing bag, which leads to worse working conditions of the regenerative product.

In various models of breathing apparatuses, three schemes of air circulation in the air duct system are used: circular, pendulum and half-pendulum.

The main advantage of the circular circuit is the minimum amount of harmful space, which in addition to the volume of the front part includes only a small amount of air ducts at the junction of the inspiratory and expiratory branches.

The pendulum scheme differs from the circular one in that the inspiratory and expiratory branches are combined in it, and the air moves along the same channel alternately (like a pendulum) from the lungs to the breathing bag, and then in the opposite direction. The pendulum circulation scheme is used mainly in devices with a short protective action time (in self-rescuers) in order to simplify the design of the device. The second reason for using this scheme is to improve the sorption of carbon dioxide in the regenerative cartridge and to use for this additional absorption of it during the secondary passage of air through the cartridge.

If there is a suction cup in both schemes, there is no washing with a dry breathing mixture of the sight glass, which leads to fogging of the glass.

To eliminate this drawback, the authors propose a breathing apparatus containing a front part with a panoramic eyeglass unit with a suction cup, a regeneration unit with a starting device, a filter, a distribution unit, inspiratory and expiratory valves, and connecting hoses. The front part is connected to the regenerative cartridge and the filter through the distribution unit with the help of the inhalation and exhalation hoses, and the exhalation hose includes an exhalation valve and is connected to the suction cup, the inhalation hose is connected to the front part in the area of the sight glass.

Distinctive features of the proposed breathing apparatus from the above known, closest to it, is that the front part is connected to the regenerative cartridge through the distribution unit using the inhalation and exhalation hoses, while the exhalation hose includes an exhalation valve and is connected to the suction mask, and the inhalation hose is attached to the front of the gas mask.

Due to the presence of these signs in the proposed design, fogging of the glass is eliminated due to the washing of the sight glass with dried air from the regenerative cartridge, and the “dead" volume is reduced. The operating conditions of the regenerative cartridge are the same as when using the pendulum breathing system, i.e. the regenerative product is produced evenly, thus improving the performance of the breathing apparatus.

The proposed construction is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1-4.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the air flow during inspiration (filtering mode)

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of air flow during exhalation (filtering mode)

In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the air flow during inspiration (isolation mode)

In FIG. 4 shows a diagram of air flow during exhalation (isolation mode).

The breathing apparatus contains a front part with a panoramic eyeglass unit 1, with a suction cup 2, a regeneration unit with a starting device 3, a filter 4, a distribution unit 5, an inhalation valve 6, an exhalation valve 7, an exhalation hose 8, an inhalation hose 9, a heat exchanger 10, a valve for exhalation into the atmosphere 11, the cable for switching on the isolation mode 12, the cable for switching on the filtering mode 13, a breathing bag 14.

The breathing apparatus operates as follows. The user breathes in the filter protection mode through the filter 4, then the air through the distribution unit 5 and the inhalation hose 9 enters the mask space where the sight glass is washed, then through the inhalation valve 6 of the mask 2 the air enters the mask space. The exhalation is carried out through the exhalation valve 7, located in the exhalation hose 8, the air then flows through the distribution unit 5, passing through the exhalation valve 7 and the valve for exhalation into the atmosphere 11 enters the atmosphere. The transfer of the breathing apparatus into the isolating mode is carried out by the movement of the cable for switching on the isolating mode 12, while the direction of the respiratory flows in the distribution unit 5 is switched from the filtering to the isolating circuit. The directions of the respiratory flows through the filter 4 are locked, and the directions of the flows are opened: the breathing bag 14, the regeneration unit with the starting device 3, the heat exchanger 10. To return the device to the filtering protection mode, it is enough for the user to pull the cable for switching on the filtering mode 13 of the distribution unit 5 to its original position .

In the breathing apparatus, it is possible to work in an infected atmosphere in two filtering and isolating protection modes, the fogging of the sight glass is eliminated, and the "dead" volume is reduced.

Claims (1)

A breathing apparatus comprising a front part with a panoramic eyeglass unit with a suction cup, a regeneration unit with a starting device, a filter, a distribution unit, inspiratory and expiratory valves, connecting hoses, characterized in that the front part is connected to the regenerative cartridge and the filter through the distribution unit using hoses inhalation and exhalation, while the exhalation hose includes an exhalation valve and is connected to the suction cup, the inhalation hose is connected to the front part in the area of the sight glass.

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