RU185646U1 - WATER ELECTRIC GENERATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction of devices for generating electric energy by using the potential and kinetic energy of river, lake and brook water generated by the difference in elevation of water levels. The device can be used in mini hydroelectric power plants in autonomous and field conditions.

The problem the proposed model aims to solve is to provide additional mechanical accelerated movement of elementary volumes of water along helicoidal channels, which will ensure the operability of the claimed device at low water pressures

The technical result is achieved by the use of an axial wheel, the flow part of which is made in the form of spiral helicoid channels of variable cross section located on a hyperbolic surface.

A water stream is supplied through the inlet pipe. In the snail part there is a swirling flow. The flow in the cochlea spins counterclockwise. The swirling flow is fed to the input of spiral helicoid channels. When moving volumes of water through the channels, the shaft is rotationally driven. When the operating speed of the shaft is reached in automatic mode, the shaft is connected to the shaft of the generator using a coupling and an electric current is generated in the generator.

Description

The inventive utility model relates to the field of construction of devices for generating electric energy by using the potential and kinetic energy of river, lake and brook water generated by the difference in elevation of water levels. The device can be used in mini hydroelectric power plants in autonomous and field conditions.

A device is known that contains an electric generator with a control panel, a snail inlet, a shaft, an axial impeller with propeller-type blades, a suction pipe, upper and lower thrust bearings (see Mini-hydroelectric power station - Nautilus hydrogenerator - technical specifications, manbw.ru> analitycs / mini-GES_hydro-turbine ... power ...).

The disadvantages of the known device:

1. The inability to work at low water pressure.

2. The inability to work at low water consumption.

These disadvantages are eliminated in the inventive utility model, which is aimed at solving the problem of ensuring the possibility of operation of the device at low heads and low water consumption.

The problem is solved in a water generator containing an electric generator with a control panel, a snail inlet, a shaft with an axial impeller, a suction pipe, upper and lower thrust bearings, according to a utility model, part of the axial impeller for water movement is made in the form of spirally twisted narrowing channels in an amount of 4 to 12 pieces, located around the circumference around the shaft and rigidly connected with it, the twist of the channels is made at 1.6 ... 3.2 turns over the entire length along the hyperbolic surface the diameter of which first decreases in the area by 1.5 ... 2 times with respect to its initial diameter, then it extends 2.2 ... 3.8 times with respect to the diameter of the narrowing along the remaining length, and each of the spiral channels in cross section has the shape of the helicoid with the ratio of the minor and major axes of 0.47 ... 0.75 and with an internal smooth protrusion along the geometric surface of the second order from the sharp end of the helicoid, and from the blunt end on the inner surface of the helicoid there are 3 to 6 small smooth protrusions, and the direction of rotation the shaft is against in the opposite direction of the primary twist of each of the helicoid channels.

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The design of the inventive device is shown in FIG. 1 in a frontal view with a partial longitudinal section, in FIG. 2 in the form of a local cross-section of a spiral helicoid channel, FIG. 3 when viewed from the top of the device.

The elements of the device are indicated by the following positions:

1 - electric generator with remote control,

2 - leading snail pipe,

3 - shaft

4 - electromagnetic clutch,

5 - suction pipe

6 - hyperbolic surface,

7 - upper thrust bearing,

8 - spiral helicoid channels,

9 - the main protrusion,

10 - additional protrusions,

11 - direction of rotation of the main vortex,

12 - direction of rotation of the additional vortex,

13 - the direction of the twist of the helicoid channels along the hyperbolic surface,

14 - direction of rotation of the shaft,

15 - lower pillow block bearing.

The purpose and interaction of the elements is as follows.

The generator 1 is used to generate electricity during the rotation of the shaft 3 due to the flow of water flowing through the spiral helicoid channels 8. The generator 1 has a control panel with an electric converter and an electric battery (not shown in Fig. A control panel with an electric converter and an electric battery). The control panel has a tachometer for monitoring the number of revolutions of the shaft 3. After the electric converter, electric current is supplied to consumers. An electric battery ensures the operability of the device during initial startup.

The supply snail pipe 2 serves to supply water and twist it in the form of a spiral before feeding its flow into the helicoid channels 8. On the upper flange of the snail chamber (in Fig. 1 snail camera is not indicated by a position), the generator 1 and the upper thrust bearing 7 are attached.

The lower flange (in the figure, the flange is not indicated by the position) the pipe is attached to the upper flange of the suction pipe 5. In the middle of the lower flange there is a confuser (in Fig. 1, the confuser is not shown conventionally), with the help of which the flow twisted in the cochlea is fed into the helicoid channels 8. Around the circumference, the confuser at the interface with the rotating peripheral part of the channels 8 is sealed with labyrinth seals (seals are not shown in FIGS. 1 and 3).

The flowing part, made in the form of spiral helicoid channels 8, is attached to the shaft 3. The electromagnetic coupling 4 is connected to the electrical communication control panel and serves to automatically connect the shaft 3 to the shaft end of the generator 1 when the operating speed of the shaft 3 is set by the signal from the panel.

The suction pipe 5 serves to drain the waste water from the shaft rotation zone. On the upper part of the pipe 5, a nozzle 2 is attached. On the bracket of the lower part (the bracket is not shown in Fig. 1), the supporting lower bearing 15 is attached.

Spiral helicoid channels 8 convert the potential kinetic energy of the water pressure into the rotation of the shaft 3. The channels 8 are rigidly fixed to the end sections and in the middle between them by means of flanges on the shaft 3 and rotate with it.

The number of channels is from 4 to 12 pieces, depending on the flow and pressure of the water. Channels 8 are arranged around a circle around a common axis and are simultaneously spirally twisted by 1.6 ... 3.2 turns over the entire length along a hyperbolic surface 6, the diameter of which decreases initially in the area by 1.5 ... 2 times with respect to its initial diameter , then the remaining length expands 2.2 ... 3.8 times with respect to the diameter of the narrowing.

Reducing the diameter of the cross section of the hyperbolic surface 6 in the tapering section is necessary to increase the speed of water when moving in channels 8, which is provided initially at low flow rates and water pressures by swirling in snail pipe 2. Due to the initial twisting of water in pipe 2 and the subsequent spiral movement of water in channels 8 creates the initial torque on the shaft 3.

In the second expanding section, with an increase in the diameter of the hyperbolic surface 6, the kinetic energy of the spirally swirling flow of moving water increases due to the narrowing of the channels 8 themselves and is converted by centrifugal acceleration into a high dynamic pressure of the stream of water jet, which hits the wall of the suction pipe 5 and creates an increased torque for shaft 3. This achieves a positive effect in comparison with the known device.

The shape of the channel 8 helicoid in cross section has a small and large axis ratio of 0.47 ... 0.75 and contains an internal smooth protrusion 9 (Fig. 2) along the second-order geometric surface from the narrow end of the helicoid. The purpose of the protrusion 9 is to convert the flow of moving water into a continuously rotating vortex 11 (see Fig. 2). In this case, the speed of water flow in the vortex 11 increases sharply.

From the blunt end along the inner surface of the helicoid (see Fig. 2), depending on the cross-sectional area of the helicoid channel, there are from 3 to 6 small smooth protrusions 10 to obtain additional vortices 12, which perform the function of a fluid bearing in relation to the vortex 11.

The direction 14 (see Fig. 3) of the simultaneous mechanical rotation of all helicoid channels 8 together with the shaft 3 is opposite to the direction of the primary twist 13 (see Fig. 2) of each of the helicoid channels 8. This ensures an additional mechanical accelerated movement of elementary volumes of water along helicoidal channels 8, which at low water pressures ensures the operability of the claimed device in comparison with the known device.

The inventive water generator operates as follows.

A water stream is supplied through the supply pipe 2. In the snail portion (in FIGS. 1 and 3, the snail portion is not shown), the flow swirls. In the circuit under consideration in FIG. 3 the thread in the cochlea spins counterclockwise. The swirling flow is fed to the input of the spiral helicoid channels 8. When water volumes move through the channels 8, the shaft 3 is rotated. When the operating speed of the shaft is reached in automatic mode, the shaft 3 is connected to the shaft of the generator 1 using the coupling 4 and an electric current is generated in the generator one.

Claims (1)

A water electric generator comprising an electric generator with a control panel, an inlet snail, a shaft with an axial impeller, a suction pipe, upper and lower thrust bearings, characterized in that the flow part of the axial impeller for the movement of water is made in the form of spirally twisted tapering channels in an amount of 4 to 12 pieces, located around the circumference around the shaft and rigidly connected with it, the twist of the channels is made by 1.6 ... 3.2 turns along the entire length along the hyperbolic surface, the diameter of which decreases at first in the section 1.5 ... 2 times with respect to its initial diameter, then it extends 2.2 ... 3.8 times with respect to the narrowing diameter over the remaining length, and each of the spiral channels in the cross section has the shape of a helicoid with the ratio of the minor and major axes is 0.47 ... 0.75 and with an internal smooth protrusion on the geometric surface of the second order from the sharp end of the helicoid, and from the blunt end on the inner surface of the helicoid there are 3 to 6 small smooth protrusions, and the direction of rotation of the shaft is opposite direction ne between primary twist of each helicoid channels.

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