RU185578U1 - PRESSURE REGULATOR APARTMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to pressure regulators "after itself" and is intended for use in residential multi-apartment buildings in cold and hot water supply systems. The regulator consists of a housing (1), made with a cavity through the longitudinal direction, divided into input and output parts by a longitudinal partition, in which a hole with a saddle, a cover (2) of the housing, and a plug (3) is made transverse to the longitudinal direction of the housing. In the housing (1) there is a valve consisting of a movable piston (4) with a stem and a spool (5) mounted on the same axis with a nut (6), also a stop cone (7), a tuning nut (8), a protective cap ( 9), spring (10), large o-ring (11), small o-ring (12), spool gasket (13). In the upper part of the regulator body (1), in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the piston (4), an annular groove (14) is made in which an elastic ring (15), for example, made of rubber, is mounted. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to reduce unproductive water consumption through water taps in the process of domestic water consumption in residential buildings at flow rates less than the maximum (adjusting pressure of the regulator) value. 1 s.p. f-ly; 6 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to pressure regulators "after itself" and is intended for use in residential multi-apartment buildings in cold and hot water supply systems.

The pressure regulator maintains the adjusting pressure at the outlet, regardless of pressure surges in the network, as well as in static mode, when the pressure after the regulator does not exceed the adjusting pressure. Requirements and recommendations for the main parameters of room pressure regulators that ensure compliance with standard indicators of volumetric flow rates and pressures during the operation of water supply systems and the safety of the use of plumbing fixtures, GOST R 55023-2012 “Pipe fittings. Pressure regulators are room. General technical conditions ”and SP 30.13330.2016“ Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings. Updated edition of SNiP 2.04.01-85 *. "

Known pressure regulator (RF patent No. 2465625, IPC G05D 16/08, publ. 10/27/2012), comprising a housing made with a through cavity and with an element from the side of the first end to connect to the pipeline, a plug rigidly connected to the housing from its side the second end, made with a through cavity and with an element for connecting to the pipeline from the side opposite to the housing location, a clip located inside the housing cavity and rigidly fixed in it, also made with a through cavity, a valve installed in the plug with the longitudinal movement and fixation of the position with the passage of the transported medium through the through cavity of the plug, a sleeve made with a through cavity and installed in the through cavity of the casing with the possibility of longitudinal movement and interaction of one end surface with the valve to prevent movement of the transported medium, the compression spring located in clip with the possibility of interaction with the sleeve with compression in the direction of movement of the sleeve to the valve.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to carry out its adjustment without removal from the installation site, which can lead to serious problems in case of improper operation and loss of time before the arrival of a specialist.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is a direct-acting piston pressure regulator (reducer) VALTEC VT 087 (Technical catalog - VALTEC - 2013 reference book of Vesta Trading company, 2013, pp. 357 - 360, Technical passport VALTEC products model VT.087 - Error! Invalid hyperlink object.document> technical / VT.087-0717.pdf) containing a body with a cavity through the longitudinal direction, divided into input and output parts by a longitudinal partition, in which it is transverse to the longitudinal direction core whisker has an opening with a valve seat, which can completely or partially overlap with the hole saddle. The valve is made with a rod, at the end of which there is a radially protruding piston located in the cylinder of the body, oriented along the axis of the valve. The output part of the through cavity communicates with the sub-piston cavity, that is, with the cavity located relative to the piston on the valve side, and this cavity is isolated from the input part of the through cavity of the housing. On the other side of the piston there is a compression spring, which compresses the piston relative to the housing, and accordingly the valve in the direction of its opening. The amount of compression of the spring can be adjusted with a screw to adjust the pressure regulator. The housing on opposite sides with openings in the inlet and outlet of the through cavity has elements for connecting to the pipeline. The design of this pressure regulator allows the possibility of adjusting the pressure of the transported medium at the outlet, that is, "after itself."

The water pressure regulator "after itself" works on the principle of equalizing the forces, namely, the force created by the pressure of the water on the spool and the piston is balanced by the force exerted by the spring on the piston:

where: S _z and S _p - the area of the spool and piston, respectively;

p _p - pressure after the regulator;

L ₀ and L _x are spring lengths in unloaded and loaded states, respectively;

k is the stiffness of the spring.

If the outlet pressure and, consequently, the force on the piston and spool decreases as a result of the tapping, then the larger spring force forces the regulator to open. In this case, the outlet pressure increases until the spring elastic force is balanced by the force created by the water pressure after the regulator on the piston and spool. An increase in water pressure after the regulator will close the spool.

The value of the output pressure (adjusting pressure of the regulator) is determined based on the values:

- static pressure at the inlet to the regulator;

- hydraulic losses in the system after the regulator to the calculated water-folding devices at the maximum water flow rate;

- the required (maximum) overpressure of the dictating tapping device.

The disadvantage of this device is that the optimal value of the excess pressure of the water in the water distribution devices is realized only at the maximum flow rate, which is typical in cold and hot water supply systems of apartment buildings for periods of water consumption during the hours of morning or evening maximums - from 7.00 to 9.00 or from 19.00 to 22.00 accordingly, and during the rest of the operation of the intra-apartment network (with flow rates less than the maximum value), the overpressure of the water-folding devices will be more timogo. At the same time, the unavoidable and inevitable losses of water in the form of unproductive expenses increase significantly (A.P. Svintsov, S.A. Mukarzel, D.A. Rysyev, Consumption characteristics of water-folding fittings // Santekhnika, 2005, No. 6, pp. 62-67) .

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to reduce unproductive water consumption through water taps in the process of domestic water consumption in residential buildings at flow rates less than the maximum (adjusting pressure of the regulator) value.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the room pressure regulator, comprising a housing made with a cavity through the longitudinal direction, divided into inlet and outlet parts by a longitudinal partition, in which a hole is made transverse to the longitudinal direction of the housing with a valve seat mounted in the cylinder of the housing with the possibility of overlapping this hole, while the valve consists of a movable piston with a rod and a spool mounted on the same axis with a nut, and the output part of the the delivery cavity is communicated by a channel with a piston cavity, and this cavity is isolated from the input part of the through cavity of the housing, the device also contains a housing cover and a plug, and a stop cone, a compression spring and a pressure adjusting nut are installed in the cylinder of the housing, additionally contains in the upper part of the housing cylinder , in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the piston, an annular groove in which an elastic ring is installed, the inner diameter of which is less than the outer diameter of the piston.

In addition, the elastic ring is made of rubber.

In addition, the size of the cross-sectional area of the annular groove is selected with the possibility of ensuring complete deformation of the elastic ring at maximum flow rate.

The device is represented by the following drawings:

- in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a pressure regulator device;

- in FIG. 2 shows the position of the regulator in the closed state;

- in FIG. 3 shows the position of the regulator in an intermediate state;

- in FIG. 4 shows the position of the regulator in the fully open state;

- in FIG. 5 shows the change in water flow through the tap, using a standard pressure regulator, with its gradual opening and various pressures;

- in FIG. Figure 6 shows a graph of the pressure after the regulator versus water flow using a standard pressure regulator and our technical solution.

The room pressure regulator consists of a housing (1) made with a cavity through the longitudinal direction, divided into inlet and outlet parts by a longitudinal partition, in which a hole with a saddle is made transverse to the longitudinal direction of the housing, housing covers (2), plugs (3). In the housing (1) there is a valve consisting of a movable piston (4) with a stem and a spool (5) mounted on the same axis with a nut (6), also a stop cone (7), a tuning nut (8), a protective cap ( 9), spring (10), large o-ring (11), small o-ring (12), spool gasket (13). In the upper part of the regulator body (1), in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the piston (4), an annular groove (14) is made in which an elastic ring (15), for example, made of rubber, is mounted.

The device operates as follows.

When the working medium enters the inlet chamber, it acts with equal force on the spool (5) and on the lower surface of the cylindrical part of the piston rod (4) with a small sealing ring (12). The elastic force of the spring (10) keeps the valve in the open position until the pressure of the medium in the outlet chamber acting on the upper "plate" of the piston (4) is equal to the adjusting one. At this point, the spool (5) begins to block the hole between the chambers, increasing local resistance and lowering the outlet pressure to a predetermined level. Using the adjusting nut (8), the regulator can be set to the required output pressure, which is different from the factory setting.

The device has 3 characteristic piston positions:

- the piston is in the upper position and does not come in contact with the elastic ring (the regulator is closed);

- the piston is in an intermediate position and touches the top of the elastic ring, but does not deform it (the regulator is slightly open);

- the piston is in the lower position and completely deforms the elastic ring (the regulator is fully open).

1. Opening phase

With an increase in water flow (opening of the water tapping device), the water pressure behind the valve will decrease, while the force exerted by the water on the piston (4) will also decrease, which will provoke a downward stroke of the rod. In the interval between 1 and 2 characteristic positions of the piston, the equation of equilibrium of the regulator will look as follows:

where: S _z and S _p - the area of the spool and piston, respectively;

p _p - pressure after the regulator;

L ₀ and L _h - spring lengths in unloaded and loaded states, respectively;

k is the stiffness of the spring.

As soon as the piston (4) reaches the top of the elastic ring (15), then the value of the area of the piston (4), which is the pressure of the water, decrease by the size of the area of the elastic ring S _e.k. . The force that produces water on the piston (4) is reduced by the amount of work area of the ring (15) on the water pressure (S _Ec ⋅r _n). The equation of equilibrium of the controller will look as follows:

where: S _z - valve spool area;

S _p - the area of the piston of the regulator;

S _e.k. - the area of the elastic ring;

p _n - pressure downstream of the regulator;

L _about - the length of the spring in an unloaded state;

_X L - current spring length;

k is the stiffness of the spring.

Reducing the left side of the equation will provoke lengthening of the spring, and together with it the opening of the valve, which will lead to the fact that the valve, when opened further, will work with high pressure "after itself" at the same flow rate.

In the interval between 2 and 3 characteristic positions of the piston, the equation of equilibrium of the regulator will look as follows:

The annular groove (14) is thus designed so as to ensure a given deformation of the elastic ring (15) with the valve fully open. The deformation force of the elastic ring, due to its smallness compared with the forces acting on the piston, is not taken into account in the equation of equilibrium of the regulator.

2. Closing phase

With a decrease in water flow through the pressure regulator (closing the water taps), the water pressure behind the valve will increase, while the equation of equilibrium of the piston (4) will look as follows:

In accordance with the equation, along with the increase in pressure, the piston (4) will shift upward and the valve will close.

When the piston (4) reaches the top of the elastic ring (15), at this moment water will fall into the space between the upper part of the ring (15) and the piston (4) and at the same time, the force that creates water on the piston (4) will increase by work area of the ring (15) on the water pressure (S _Ec ⋅R _n). The equation of equilibrium of the controller will look as follows:

Therefore, upon reaching the position of the piston (4) until it detaches from the elastic ring (15), the piston (4) with the spool (5) will sharply move upwards, up to the moment of balancing the spring force by the force on the piston, which will correspond to a lower pressure after the regulator .

In the presented graph (Fig. 5) it was experimentally established that an increase in pressure leads to a significant increase in water flow even with a slight rotation of the handle of the valve head. The diagrams are based on average values. At a pressure of 0.05 MPa and a rotation of the handle of the valve head by more than one and a half turns, the water flow practically does not change, asymptotically approaching the performance of the crane according to GOST 19681-94. As a result of studies, it was found that at pressures of 0.3 and 0.5 MPa, the rotation of the handle by half a turn leads to an increase in water consumption by 75 and 125%, respectively, relative to the standard capacity at standard pressure. The low regulating ability of water-folding fittings causes unproductive costs, the formation of which is due to technical conditions, and not the attitude of consumers to save water. To reduce water overhead, it is most often recommended to use local resistances that reduce the performance of valves: aerators, flow straighteners, bushings, inserts, washers, curly rubber gaskets of locking elements, etc.

The application of our technical solution allows to reduce unproductive water consumption through water-folding devices without reducing their productivity. The presented graph (Fig. 6) demonstrates how at the same inlet pressure p _in = 6 bar. and various volumetric flow rates of the liquid q ₀ our technical solution allows more economical control of water flows by reducing the pressure at the outlet of the _outlets , with a slight rotation of the handle of the valve head. In order to correctly prove the technical result of our technical solution, both compared controllers were tuned to the outlet pressure p = 2.0 bar.

Claims (2)

1. An apartment pressure regulator comprising a housing made with a longitudinally through cavity divided into a longitudinal and longitudinal partition by an inlet and outlet part, in which a hole is made transverse to the longitudinal direction of the housing with a valve seat mounted in the cylinder of the housing to shut off this opening, when this valve consists of a movable piston with a stem and a spool mounted on the same axis with a nut, and the output part of the through cavity is in communication with the piston channel a cavity, and this cavity is isolated from the inlet of the through cavity of the housing, the device also contains a housing cover and a plug, and a thrust cone, a compression spring and a pressure regulator setting nut are installed in the housing cylinder, characterized in that in the upper part of the housing cylinder, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the piston, an annular groove is made in which an elastic ring is installed, the inner diameter of which is smaller than the outer diameter of the piston, and the cross-sectional area of the annular groove is selected the full deformation of the elastic ring at maximum flow rate. 2. The room pressure regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic ring is made of rubber.

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