RU185382U1 - TEST OBJECT FOR FOREIGN BODIES IN THE Oral and Maxillofacial Department of the Patient for Ultrasound Dental Equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The test object for foreign bodies in the maxillofacial department of the patient for ultrasonic dental equipment relates to medicine, more specifically to the field of ultrasound diagnostic systems for dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. The technical result consists in increasing the likelihood of detecting foreign bodies in the HMO by maximizing the geometric, mechanical and acoustic characteristics of real foreign bodies in the test object for ultrasonic dental diagnostic equipment. To obtain the specified technical result in a test object made in the form of a rectangular body section made of tissue-equivalent material and including objects, the length, width and height of the body correspond to the dimensions of the maxillofacial section of the head of an adult, and the objects diagnosed in clinical practice as dentistry are foreign bodies five types of objects of organic origin: husks of sunflower seeds, thorns of a rose, blades of grass, wooden toothpicks and helminths, five types of objects of inorganic of origin: fragments of glass, pieces of polyethylene, scraps of a drainage tube, metal screws and fragments of filling material, while objects are located in the body along its longitudinal axis, in pairs with the formation of two parallel rows at a depth of 5 mm and at a depth of 20 mm. fabric equivalent material, it is advisable to use a material based on silicone.

Description

The claimed utility model relates to medicine, more specifically to the field of ultrasonic diagnostic systems for dentistry and maxillofacial surgery.

The purpose of ultrasound is to visualize various structures and organs of the human body. In ultrasound diagnostics, the quality of the obtained image is evaluated using test objects (Recommendations on metrology Р50.2.051 - 2006. The state system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements is ultrasound diagnostic equipment for medical purposes. General requirements for methods of monitoring technical characteristics. Http://monitor.espec.ws /files/151.pdf). In general, such a test object consists of a rectangular body and objects. The body is made of fabric equivalent material. Objects (targets) are filiform, cylindrical and spherical elements of the structure. Items are located in the body at varying depths. As clinical practice shows, there is a frequent pathology with which the patient turns to dentists, maxillofacial surgeons, as well as to doctors of radiation diagnostics, foreign bodies in the soft tissues of the maxillofacial region (MFA). Foreign bodies can get into the soft tissues of the MND as a result of traumatic exposure or by the iatrogenic route - as a result of dental procedures or surgical intervention. Foreign bodies can also get into the soft tissues of the HMO without violating the integrity of the skin, for example, through the excretory ducts of the salivary glands.

It should be noted that due to the active use of cosmetological injection procedures, the number of foreign bodies in the MNF has significantly increased due to the introduction of fillers, both biodegradable and non-degradable. Currently, the frequency of diagnosing this pathology among all possible diseases of the MNF is more than 4%. About 30% of all foreign bodies remain undiagnosed during the initial examination. Most often, foreign bodies are detected as an accidental find when performing an ultrasound scan for an underlying disease. They can also be diagnosed immediately immediately after a traumatic effect, or after some time, when patients already consult a doctor with various complications. In some cases, patients are referred for ultrasound for further examination after computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), because the resolution of ultrasound is higher.

Foreign bodies that can enter the soft tissues of the MND are distinguished into two groups: organic and inorganic origin. Among organic foreign bodies, fragments of various plants are most often found, for example, husks of sunflower seeds, spikes of roses, small wood chips, etc., as well as helminths. Among the inorganic ones are glass fragments, shavings and small metal objects, plastic objects, pieces of polyethylene, as well as the remains of filling material.

An important task of ultrasound diagnostic research is to determine the nature of foreign bodies, as it uniquely determines the tactics of the patient, including the planning of surgical intervention.

The closest technical solution is a test object made in the form of a rectangular body in cross section from tissue equivalent material, which includes parts of a certain shape and size located at a certain depth (D.V. Prokhorov, Equipment for monitoring the technical condition and quality of imaging of ultrasound scanners, Medical Business, 2010, No. 3 (190), pp. 39-42).

Such execution of objects in the body of the test object only in density and conditionally in size corresponds to some foreign bodies. This design of the test object does not allow to imitate the echo-semiotics of foreign bodies in the required volume and does not correspond to foreign bodies most often encountered in clinical practice, either in materials, in shape, or in size, to control the quality of imaging of ultrasound diagnostic systems. Therefore, such a test object cannot be used to configure, control and comparatively evaluate the quality of visualization of a foreign body in a MRO by various ultrasonic dental diagnostic systems.

The technical result consists in increasing the likelihood of detecting foreign bodies in the HMO by maximizing the geometric, mechanical and acoustic characteristics of real foreign bodies in the test object for ultrasonic dental diagnostic equipment.

To obtain the indicated technical result, in a test object made in the form of a rectangular body section made of tissue equivalent material, and including objects, the length, width and height of the body correspond to the dimensions of the maxillofacial section of the head of an adult, and the objects are dentistry diagnosed in clinical practice in as foreign bodies there are five types of objects of organic origin: husks of sunflower seeds, rose thorns, blades of grass, wooden toothpicks and helminths, five types of objects of inorganic of crystal origin: fragments of glass, pieces of polyethylene, scraps of a drainage tube, metal screws and fragments of filling material, while objects are located in the body along its longitudinal axis, in pairs with the formation of two parallel rows at a depth of 5 mm and at a depth of 20 mm.

As a tissue-equivalent material, silicone-based material is used.

In FIG. 1 shows the design of the test object, a) front view, b) side view.

In FIG. 2 shows the appearance of a test object with organic and inorganic foreign objects.

In FIG. 3 is an example of receiving echo signals from a foreign object of organic origin (toothpicks made of wood).

In FIG. 4. - an example of receiving echo signals from a foreign object of inorganic origin (glass fragment).

The test object (Fig. 1) consists of a rectangular body 1 and objects 2 located inside the body 1 of the test object. The body of 1 test object is made of silicone-based material and has acoustic properties similar to the soft tissues of the head. In contrast to the materials used for the manufacture of known designs of the test object, this material is fundamentally more durable, since it does not contain gelatin, glycerin, etc. Components. The body dimensions1 of the test object — length, width, and height — correspond to the sizes of the maxillofacial section of the head of an adult and are 210, 100, 55 mm, respectively.

Subjects 2 are foreign bodies diagnosed in the clinical practice of dentistry in MFAs. The group of foreign bodies of organic origin is made up of five types of objects: husks of sunflower seeds, rose thorns, blades of grass, wooden toothpicks and helminths. The group of foreign bodies of inorganic origin is also made up of five types of objects: shards of glass, pieces of polyethylene, scraps of the drainage tube, metal screws and fragments of filling material.

Ten foreign bodies of organic and inorganic origin in two rows in pairs of five objects in each row are located at a depth from the surface of the body of the test object, corresponding to h ₁ = 5 mm, which corresponds to the standard thickness of human soft tissues. Ten of the same foreign bodies are similarly located at a depth of h ₂ = 20 mm, which corresponds to the thickness of the jawbones of a person

To conduct a comparative assessment of the quality of imaging on each of the ultrasound medical diagnostic systems, studies of the test object are carried out using, for example, linear sensors. The obtained images of the test object are analyzed visually to detect the largest number of foreign bodies. According to the results of the analysis, a diagnostic system with great capabilities for visualization of foreign bodies in the FHM is determined.

In FIG. 2 shows the appearance of a test object with organic and inorganic foreign bodies. For the manufacture of the test object, a collapsible form with transparent walls made of optically transparent material was used. A silicone containing a compound with intermediate drying of each of the layers was poured into a three-layer mold. Foreign bodies were stacked in pairs in a row on the surface of the first and second layers. After the final drying of the compound, the form was disassembled.

The echo-semiotics of the test object was determined during its ultrasound examination on an IU-22 device manufactured by Philips using a linear sensor in the frequency range 7-15 MHz. In order to improve visualization, a special helium pillow was used.

During the study, all foreign bodies (organic and inorganic) were confidently visualized, which allowed us not only to evaluate their echo-semiotics, but also to accurately characterize the echo-signs, including artifacts, depending on the composition and structure of a particular foreign body. An example of receiving echoes from organic foreign bodies (wood toothpicks) is shown in FIG. 3, and from inorganic (glass fragment) - in FIG. four.

The main advantages of the design:

objects of the test object, in contrast to those known in materials, shape and size, correspond to foreign bodies diagnosed in the course of clinical practice of dentistry and maxillofacial surgery in foreign patients;

the material of the hoist of the test object does not contain organic components, therefore it is more durable and, accordingly, provides a longer service life of the test object.

Claims (2)

1. A test object for foreign bodies in the maxillofacial section of the patient for ultrasonic dental equipment, made in the form of a rectangular body section of tissue-equivalent material and including objects, characterized in that the length, width and height of the body correspond to the size of the maxillofacial section of the head an adult, and the objects are five types of objects of organic origin diagnosed in clinical practice of dentistry as foreign bodies: husks of sunflower seeds, thorns of roses s, blades of grass, wooden toothpicks and helminths, five types of objects of inorganic origin: glass fragments, pieces of polyethylene, scraps of the drainage tube, metal screws and fragments of filling material, while the objects are located in the body along its longitudinal axis, in pairs with the formation of two parallel rows at a depth of 5 mm and at a depth of 20 mm. 2. The test object according to claim 1, characterized in that a silicone-based material is used as a tissue-equivalent material.

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