RU1839072C - Method for determination sun flowerъs salt stability - Google Patents

Description

growing in laboratory conditions, but also in the field.

The use of plants aged 14-16 days and older increases the reliability of the method, since according to the well-known and our data, in some varieties of sunflower, salt tolerance is manifested only from the indicated age.

In addition, the reliability of the method is enhanced by the use of data on the fatty acid composition of polar lipids, which are more stable indicators compared to the performance characteristics of the photosystem 11 used according to the prototype.

Example 1. In the experiment used the line of sunflower Chlorina with a well-known salt tolerance, grown in open non-saline soil (in the field) up to 50 days of age.

From a third pair of leaves, 10 mm diameter die cuts were made from above. Weighed samples of lys tissue samples obtained in this way, weighing 1 g, were placed in flasks, 10 ml of acetone were added to them, hermetically closed, and transported to the laboratory.

After 20 hours, the acetone solution: poured. Then, the same leaf samples were again (twice) extracted with new acetone for 3 hours. The combined extract was evaporated on a rotary vacuum evaporator. Residue obtained: mainly free loose β-lipids. The fatty acid composition of the spids of this residue was analyzed by the known method of hip-liquid chromatogeophia. The ratios of schnolen / linolen and linolen-5a / palmitic acid were calculated.

The data were processed by student.

The results of the analysis are presented in abl. 1.

The obtained ratios of acids — lilulenic to linoleic (C18: 3 / C18: 2) in salt; 1 unstable lines fluctuate in the range of 6.5 - 6.8, which significantly differ from the values of the ratios of these acids in the red salt stability of the line (2.0) and the highly saline resistant line (1,2). In polar ipids of sunflower leaves, the ratio of linolenic to palmitic acids 18: 3 / C16: 0) has a similar dependence on salt tolerance, a significant 5% significance level.

Example 2. In the experiment we used sunflower yurmas with well-known oleust tolerance - a Pochin hybrid, a hlorina-3 line, and also two forms of the Perve-1ets variety - 1 and 2, differing in the fatty acid composition of the seed storage lipids, the salt tolerance of which is unknown.

Sampling and analysis of lipid composition was performed according to the procedure described in Example 5.

In addition, the salt tolerance of these plant forms was determined by the known method (B.P., Strogonov. Physiologists of the resistance of plants to salinization. M., 0 1962). The plants were grown in 20 L vessels filled with calcined sand moistened with Gelrigel medium, taken in three variants; 1 - without the addition of NaCI; 2nd by adding NaCI up to 0.5%, 3 - with the addition of 5 NaCI up to 1%. The experiment was carried out in 10-fold repeated ™.

The dry mass and plant height were used as an indicator. The growth inhibition coefficients were calculated: by dry 0 mass (Ki) and height (Ka).

dry mass of plants on saline soil

Ki ------------------------ dry mass of plants on non-saline soil height of plants on saline soil

5

K2

height of plants on non-saline soil Data were processed statistically.

0 Data presented in table. 2. indicate that under the conditions of soil salinization with a 1% NaCl solution, the acidic ratios C18: 3 / C16: 0 and C18: 3 / C18: 2 are minimal (2.80 and 1.20) and

5 salt tolerance lines and the maximum salt tolerance hybrid (6.36 and 5.48). Values of these values, close to the minimum, are found in the variety Pervenets 1 (3.52 and 1.52) and average values in

0 varieties Pervenets 2 (4.40 and 1.94).

The results obtained according to the proposed method indicate the presence of high salt tolerance in Firstborn 1 and medium in Firstborn 2.

5 The same results were obtained in experiments conducted on the indicated forms of sunflower according to the well-known method: Firstborn 1, like the control salt line, has high growth inhibition factors under the influence of salinity: Firstborn 2 is medium, while the control salt tolerance hybrid - low.

Therefore, the proposed method yields results comparable with the known one (according to B. Strogonov, P. 1962), being at the same time simpler and more convenient, allowing more analyzes to be carried out, i.e. more reliable.

Comparative tests specified in examples 1. and 2 forms of sunflower under the known method 1 were not carried out, because in this case, it was necessary to take out the bulky stationary electrical equipment from the separated variety testing section and provide its network power supply, i.e. The advantage of the claimed method in comparison with the prototype is obvious without testing. Therefore, the salt tolerance was determined by another known method (according to B. Stroganov, 1962), which made it possible to confirm the conclusions obtained according to the proposed method.

The outcome of published, given in table. 1 and 2, the salt tolerance of sunflower can be estimated as high if the ratio of acid free leaf lipids (C18: 3 / C16: 0) is 3.2, (C18: 3 / C18: 2) 1.6; as average, if 3.2 (C18: 3 / C16: 0) 4.2; 1.6 (C18: 3 / C18: 2) 5.0 and low if (C18: 3 / C16: 0) 4.2, (C18: 3 / C18: 2) 5.0.

Using the proposed method for determining salt tolerance under

Compared to existing methods, the sunflower provides the following advantages:

1, The reliability of the method is due to the fact that it allows you to analyze a large number of samples and obtain statistically reliable results, as well as the fact that it is possible to detect salt tolerance in those forms of sunflower in which it develops only at later age stages.

2, The simplicity of the method, determined by the ability to analyze plants that are not subjected to salinization and, therefore, not to grow them specifically for the study of salt tolerance,

3. Convenience in work since field samples can be easily transported for subsequent laboratory analysis. (56) Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 784832, cl. A 01 G 7 / 00.1979.

Table 1

3629

P; Syoppa-3 R Ch orina-3 hi; Ch orina-5

Confidence intervals are given for a -level of significance of P 0.05

According to well-known data (Yu., D. Beletsky. Artificial chloroplast mutations in higher plants. Rostov-on-Donug. Y989, p. 80; N.I. Shevkova, Salt tolerance of plastom chlorophyll mutants of sunflower // Plant Physiologists, 1982, t, 29, p. 317-324).

Relative to oshiske ii1 with significance level Y n u.ut. l 1U.

 Calculated as. the ratio of the corresponding growth indicator (dry weight or dry weight) under the conditions of settlement to the values of the same as long as in the time of non-saline soil.

 Large values of the coefficients indicate greater salt tolerance.

table 2

Claims (1)

The claims METHOD FOR DETERMINING SALT-STABILITY OF SUNFLOWER, including sampling leaves of a plant and their subsequent physiological-biochemical analysis, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the method and its simplification, sampling is carried out at the age of 14-16 days and older, the sample is placed to acetone, analyze the content of linolenose, linoleic and palmitic acids in acetone-extracted lipids, determine the ratio of linolenic to linoleic or linolenic to palmitic acid and to plants with high resistance which the ratio of linolenic to linoleic acid 1.6, medium-stable - 1.6 - 5.0 and low-stable - 5.0 or the ratio of linolenic to palmitic, respectively 3.2, 3.2 - 4.2, 4.2,