RU1834964C - Cover - Google Patents

Description

(see Fig. 3), as well as a three-layer one and consisting of two waterproofing layers 11 with a porous layer between them of, for example, geotextile material 1.4, impregnated, if necessary, with the preservation of the porous open structure, hardening mastics or emulsions, as well as from sand 15 (Figs. 4-5), the layers 14 and 15 can be divided into separate compartments by means of tape bulkheads 16 constructing with waterproofing layers 11. through a layer of adhesive glue.

The proposed coating can be applied in the manufacture of slabs of full factory readiness, for example, slabs (see Fig. 6), or wall enclosing panels (see Fig. 7), with a protective layer of hardening mortars 17, or ribbed plates 18. Mutual the fixation of the layers here can be carried out using the known tenon groove technique, where the tenon 19, for example a protective layer from solution 17, is placed in the corresponding groove 20 of the heat-protective layer 3, the plates being provided in this case with the inlets of the waterproofing layer 11.

The proposed coating is being constructed in the following order.

After the device of the carrier layer 10 (see Fig. 1) with a vacuum system, the vapor barrier 1 is rolled in stripes along the entire roof with the formation of folds - bulkheads 5, while layer 1 with the formation of folds - bulkheads 5, while layer 1 can be applied and the area on the entire roof. Between the bulkheads 5 there is, for example, a two-layer plate heat-protective layer 3, at the ends of the bottom five of which there is a chamfer, forming a network of mutually intersecting channels 8 connected to the main pipe 6. After laying the layer 3 between the bulkheads 5, bending is performed bulkheads with giving them an L-shaped shape and, if necessary, with preliminary application of adhesive substance to the articulated parts of the bulkhead (vertical section).

After that, an adhesive is applied to the surface of the bulkhead, from the contacting side with the hydroprotective layer 2, and the waterproofing layer 2 of the mounting clip is laid in the places where it touches the bulkheads 5 to the latter. The necessary long-term pressing can be carried out (for the formation of the adhesive) by creating a vacuum under the layer 2 and pressing the layer 2 under the influence of atmospheric pressure. After complete assembly of the roof and verification of its tightness, inside the coating

already create a working vacuum-metric pressure.

In a similar order, the coating depicted in FIG. 2.

Waterproof layer depicted on

FIG. 3, has the following order of his savings.

After the erection of the coating with a single-layer waterproof layer as described

above the technology and creating a working vacuum in it, plates 12 equipped with suction cups 13 are placed on the waterproofing layer 11, which, depending on the loads, may have a point or tape in plan

form, and. predominantly made of plastics, the material of which is able to provide a constant shape of the suction cup under the influence of external factors. After placing the plates and after a certain period of time, as a result of the natural suction of air from the space under the suction cup, a vacuum is also formed in the latter, which ensures the suction of the elements 13 and fixing

plates 12.

In the same order, the waterproof layers depicted in FIG. 4-5, where the top layer 11 is the main working layer, perceiving all environmental influences, and the coating here is able to fulfill all its protective functions (and perform well) even with significant damage to the top layer 11. Replacing the latter, with significant

volumes of its destruction can be replaced without any problems in the following order.

Intact portions of the upper layer 11 between bulkheads 16 communicate

with the atmosphere, for example, they are cut, the layer 11 is removed and a new layer is placed in its place with its fastening to the bulkheads 16 on the layer of adhesive adhesive and its subsequent suction.

The coating options depicted in FIG. 3-5, can also be used for the construction of walling.

The proposed coating is applicable for both pitched and flat roofs, including and operated, for the first time uses atmospheric pressure to secure the hydro-protective layer. which excludes

the need to load it with a layer of ballast, or continuous gluing, moreover, the hydroprotective layer can be laid directly on the compressible insulation layer, which significantly reduces the complexity of manufacturing the structure and its

material consumption, the weight of the coating is almost halved.

The heat-insulating layer here has significantly higher heat-insulating properties (it allows to reduce the volume of the layer), the value of which can be easily adjusted during the operational period, and the energy costs necessary to maintain the vacuum are many times compensated by the overall reduction in heat loss through the coating.

The proposed solution provides a significant reduction in the molecular concentration of gas (air) in the insulation layer and, consequently, reduces the limiting mass of water, which can be in a unit volume of insulation, and the remaining air, taking into account the presence of the process of natural leakage of air through the waterproof material and the need for periodic pumping to a predetermined vacuum value, is in motion (or may be in motion), which, with full right, this roof structure can be attributed to the vent liable

Taking into account the possibility of accurate and timely establishment of a cavity with impaired tightness and the exact location of this place (by creating increased pressure in the cavity), and also taking into account the fact that the vapor barrier layer can function normally as a hydroprotective layer (in in case of significant damage in the latter), a statement about a higher operational reliability of the proposed coating is acceptable here.

Claims (15)

1. The coating, including vapor barrier adjacent to the bearing layer, open-porous, heat-protective and waterproof layers, characterized in that, in order to increase the protective properties, operational reliability and manufacturability of the assembly, it is equipped with bulkheads, each of which is attached to the vapor-protective and a hydroprotective layer, with the formation of separate hermetically sealed cavities, and a vacuum system connected through a main pipeline to the internal space of the cavities. 2. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the main pipeline is connected to each cavity through a vacuum valve. 3. Coverage in paragraphs. 1 and 2. characterized in that it is provided with a source of creating pressure above atmospheric, connected to the main pipeline. 4. Coverage according to paragraphs. 1-3, with the proviso that the bulkheads are rigid 5. 5. Coverage according to paragraphs. 1-3. t and with that. that the bulkheads are formed by folds of the material of the vapor barrier layer and have a cross-section in the cross section 0 form. 6. Coverage according to paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that the hydroprotective layer is bilayer. 7. Coating according to claim 6, with the exception of 5, so that the waterproof layer is made from waterproofing and protective layers attached to each other by means of fasteners. 8. The coating according to claim 1, characterized by 0 so that the fastening means are made in the form of vacuum suction cups. 9. The coating according to claim 6, with the exception that the hydroprotective layer is made of two waterproofing layers with a porous interlayer between them. 10. The coating according to claim 9, with the proviso that the porous interlayer is made with tape bulkheads connected with the possibility of being connected to the waterproofing layers and forming closed cavities with them. 11. Coverage in paragraphs. 1-10, the fact is that it is equipped with a prefabricated slab leveling layer located between the waterproofing and heat-protective layers, the latter being made of coarse-grained bulk material. 12. Coverage according to paragraphs. 1-10, it is distinguished by its fact that the heat-insulating layer is made of plate heat-insulating elements, the adjacent ends of which form a network of vacuum channels connected to the main pipeline. 5 13. Coverage in paragraphs. ; -12, with the exception of that. that the system for creating a vacuum is made with a subsystem for monitoring and controlling the magnitude of the vacuum. 0 14. The coating according to claim 7, with the proviso that, in order to expand the applicability, the surfaces of the heat-insulating layer facing the waterproofing and vapor-protective layers are made with the elements of their attachment to the protective and carrier layer m. 15. The coating according to claim 14, characterized in that the connection elements of the heat-protective layer with the protective and carrier layers are made in a pinch groove. 16, The coating according to Claim 15, which is symmetrically located to it according to the fact that the groove or tenon on the same surface is a tenon or groove. the heat-insulating layer has on another ft $ & schu / a creation system eleven 6 Figure 1 FIG. 2. Fie. 3 Figl 7 Figz Figb