RU1831703C - Electromagnetic radiation concentrator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices and methods for concentration of radiation, for example solar, in energy-intensive processes, as well as for the reception and transmission of electromagnetic signals. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the device consists of an inflatable toroid to which two films are attached symmetrically and with a gap between them, one film having a reflective layer facing outward. Together with the toroid, the films form a sealed volume in which a negative pressure drop is created, defining the focal length of the mirror having a protective layer. To direct the radiation to the receiver, the concentrator has supports of adjustable length. 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to technical physics, in particular to devices and methods for concentration of electromagnetic, e.g., solar radiation, for the purpose of its use for energy-intensive processes, as well as for the reception and transmission of electromagnetic signals.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks, namely, reducing the cost and weight of the structure, increasing efficiency and the possibility of folding to a minimum volume.

In FIG. 1 shows a section of a device; in FIG. 2 shows a variant of connecting the films forming the toroid and the sealed volume; in FIG. 3 is an embodiment of a differential pressure pump; in FIG. 4 is a general view of the device in working condition.

The device consists of an inflatable toroid 1 (Fig. 1), which constitutes the supporting frame for the mirror film 2 and film 3, which are not in contact with each other in the entire operating pressure range and, after connection, constitute a sealed volume 4.

In this volume 4, a vacuum is created using pump 5 (Fig. 3), the reflective surface becomes concave, because the uniformly loaded membrane takes the form of a paraboloid of revolution. The magnitude of the resulting focal length depends on the radius of curvature of this surface, which in turn is related to the pressure drop P inside and outside the sealed volume, the elasticity of the film and the magnitude of its tension.

In the simplest case (Fig. 2), toroid 1 is composed of two film strips welded in a plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, and reflecting 2 and transparent 3 films are attached to these joints, the reflecting layer being directed outward.

A pressure reducing source 5, which creates a differential pressure, is connected to the sealed volume 4 on the back side. In the simplest case, this is an elastic bulb with valves (Fig. 3). To toroid 1 on the sides approximately at a height of 2/3 of the diameter

cl

with

with

loo

NJ Oh

with

s

supports are attached that can be equipped with mechanisms for changing their length, for example, using electric motors, to compensate for changes in direction to the Sun. In the absence of such a mechanism, the position of the light spot at the receiver is manually maintained. To protect the reflective layer from damage, a protective polymer layer of a minimum thickness, for example Mylar, is applied to it. 3 fi thick (Fig. 1, section of a film with a reflective and protective layer).

The device operates as follows,

The device is unfolded from the folded state and a source of reducing pressure 5 is connected. The inflatable toroid 1 is pumped up to the operating state. At the same time, a vacuum is created in the sealed volume 4 - a negative pressure drop of the PR relative to the surrounding atmosphere.

Supports are attached to toroid 1 and the device is installed in a position that ensures close to normal readiness of sunlight on the mirror, which, after reflection, should then fall on the radiation receiver, for example, a boiler installed in the focus of the mirror. By means of a pressure reducing source (pump) 5, the pressure in the sealed volume 4 is controlled to maximize the radiation concentration at the receiver. The tracking mechanism is switched on in the supports, or the mirror is periodically changed using these supports to achieve a radiation concentration on the blackened surface of the receiver (Fig. 4).

Provided that the device is technically accurate, the reflecting radiation, a parabolic surface 2, for example, with a diameter of 2 m and a focal length of m, should concentrate all the reflected radiation in a circle with a diameter of 0.045 m, which gives a coefficient of concentration

walkie-talkie. Solar flow

2

radiation on the mirror 2 s, 14 m into the snow

weather, taking into account atmospheric absorption, corresponds to an energy of 2.5 kW, i.e. with a reflection coefficient of 0.8, an optimal angle of incidence of radiation and low shading

mirrors with a radiation receiver can be calculated on the concentration of radiation with a power of 2 kW on a site with a diameter of 5 cm. At the end of work, gas is discharged from the toroid, the supports and the pump are disconnected

5 and the entire structure folds.

In the case of using the device as an antenna, for example, satellite television, due to the stationary position of the satellite relative to the antenna,

just point it at the satellite and place the receiver-irradiator in the focus of the antenna.

The proposed device has a low cost, convenient for transportation due to its light weight and dimensions, it saves energy resources, for example, for cooking, and can also serve as a receiving antenna for satellite television.

Claims (1)

The claims An electromagnetic radiation concentrator containing a skeleton in the form of an inflatable toroid. two films, the periphery of which is connected to the toroid on its inner side, forming a sealed volume, a pressure source associated with the sealed volume, one of the films having a reflective surface, characterized in that a protective layer is inserted into it a layer located on the reflective surface of the film and supports made with the possibility of changing their length and attached to the toroid, and the Central parts of the films are located on a given distances from one another, and their periphery attached to the toroid at a distance from each other symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry of the toroid, where d is the diameter of the cross section of the toroid, reflecting the film surface is located on its outer side, and the pressure source is made in the form of a source of decreasing pressure. FIG. 1 ig. 2 G Fig.z