JP2003074988A - Solar beam concentrator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a light concentrator for concentrating beams of solar light or receiving radio waves at a low cost, to reduce the weight of the concentrator and materialize easy transportation and installation, in relation to utilization of solar energy and reception of radio waves. SOLUTION: The light concentrator has an airtight gas-film structure made by combining a permeable film having a high transmission of light or radio wave and a reflective film having a high reflectivity of light or radio wave. The reflective film 2 having a high reflectivity when being filled with a gas is formed in a parabolic face or a similar shape capable of replacing the parabolic shape. A light concentrating system comprises a plurality of the light concentrators arranged with wires 13 and simultaneously controlled so as to pursue a direction. Thus, a light-weighted, high precision parabola reflection mirror and a parabola antenna are produced at a low cost.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to concentrating solar energy to increase energy density and converting it into electric energy, or to promote effective utilization as a direct heat source. It is related to what is offered to the point.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the method of collecting sunlight is as follows. 2 A concave mirror is shaped on a rigid frame to collect light. 3 Condensing with a convex lens or Fresnel lens. As described above, the equipment for condensing light is expensive in order to increase the output, and a robust structure is required to obtain a large light condensing area, resulting in high cost, and there is also a labor for installation and maintenance. It was. As a simple method, there is also a method of arranging and condensing a thin flat reflector at an angle, but the condensing rate is poor and it is not practical.

[0003]

The problem to be solved is to reduce the manufacturing cost by keeping the shape of the surface that reflects light or radio waves accurate and lightweight, and 1 to simplify the structure and reduce the weight. Cost reduction 2 Conveyor, foldable structure so as not to be bulky at the time of installation, energy and cost required for transportation and installation,
Reduce time and geographical constraints. 3 By reducing the weight of the concentrator, the support structure is simplified, the attitude control device is downsized, the cost, time, and geographical restrictions required for transportation and installation are reduced, and the manufacturing cost is also reduced. It is to solve the above problems.

[0004]

In order to converge solar energy or other electromagnetic waves, the present invention provides a transparent film 1 having a high light or radio wave transmittance as shown in FIG.
An airtight gas film structure in which a reflective film 2 having a high reflectance of light or radio waves is combined so that the shape of the reflective film 2 having a high reflectance when filled with gas becomes a parabolic surface or a shape that is an alternative thereto. With this structure, it is possible to easily form a highly accurate reflecting surface with only one film structure. 2. Since the constituent material is a film, the raw material cost and processing cost can be reduced, and the weight can be made extremely lightweight. 3 It can be folded once the filling gas is removed, making it easy to move and carry around. 4 Since the portion exposed to the outside air has a convex shape, less dust or the like is accumulated, maintenance is facilitated, and it is possible to deform or shake the outer shape by changing the internal filling pressure to further reduce the accumulation of dust or the like. 5. By coating the portion of the reflective film 2 with a photo-curing resin, it is possible to maintain the shape after receiving light even if the portion of the reflective film 2 becomes rigid and the filling pressure becomes low. 6 When used in outer space, it is weightless and pressureless.
It can be shaped with a small amount of gas, and it can be installed stably even with a large object because it is not subjected to loads such as wind and gravity. It is also possible to remove. Further, the material of the permeable membrane 1 is only required to have a high transmittance of electromagnetic waves and an impermeability of filled gas, and a transparent resin film, a fiber reinforced film or the like can be used, and a film having selective absorption or reflection can be used. It is also possible to selectively collect light of a specific wavelength. The material of the reflective film 2 is only required to have high reflectance of electromagnetic waves and impermeability of filled gas, and metal vapor deposition resin film, aluminum foil, metal resin laminated film, etc. can be used, and a film having selective absorption or reflectivity. By using, it is possible to selectively focus light only at a specific wavelength.

As shown in FIG. 3, a gas membrane ring 9 which is a ring-shaped gas membrane structure has a transparent film 1 having a high light or radio wave transmittance and an opposite surface having a high light or radio wave reflectance. An airtight gas film structure combining the reflective film 2
When the shape of the circumference is fixed with a ring-shaped gas film structure and the gas in the center of the ring is filled with gas, the shape of the reflective film 2 having a high reflectance becomes a parabolic surface or a shape that substitutes for it. With the above configuration, the outer peripheral shape can be held by the gas membrane ring 9 portion, so that the reflecting surface shape and outer shape having a higher degree of freedom can be easily created. 2 It is possible to reduce the volume of the air chamber composed of the permeable film 1 and the reflective film 2, and it is possible to increase the rigidity by increasing the filling pressure of the gas film ring 9. (3) Since the air gap ring 9 itself does not require the required transmittance and reflectance, the degree of freedom of the material is high and the strength can be easily increased. 4. The outer peripheral shape of the air-tight ring 9 is not limited to a circular shape, and it is possible to make an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 4, a part of the shape of the transmissive film 1 having a high light or radio wave transmissivity is shaped so as to be the reflection focal point of the light or radio wave, and the light is received by the focal point 7 part. With the structure that can directly include the power receiving device, 1
Since the solar cell, the Peltier element and the like can be integrally formed, it is not necessary to align the condenser and the energy conversion section by only filling the inside of the gas, and the structure is simplified.

As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of gas-film-structured concentrators 11 are arranged and supported by wires 13, and the misalignment length and rotation angle of each wire 13 are rotated on one side or both sides. By adjusting the angle of the arm 12 and performing simultaneous angle tracking of the plurality of condensers 11, it is possible to easily make the plurality of condensers 11 follow the direction of sunlight or radio waves simultaneously. 2 Since the light collector 11 itself is lightweight, the load on the wire 13 is small, the driving power is small, and the installation is simple, so the equipment cost can be reduced. 3 If the wire 13 can be stretched, the condenser 11
Since it is floating in space, it has a great deal of freedom in its installation location. 4 Since the wire 13 can be stretched vertically or horizontally with respect to the ground, the installation area efficiency is improved. 5. When it is used in outer space, it is possible to make the rotating arm 12 only on one side by using a rigid rod for the wire 13.

The above means may be used alone or in combination.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The structural features of different embodiments will be described.

1 FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a single film concentrator, which will be described. A highly transparent flat circular transmission film 1 and a reflection film 2 formed by coating and adhering a sheet having a high reflectance or a sheet having a high reflectance to the outer periphery are adhered or welded so as to be airtight, and a valve is formed on a part thereof. As a structure in which 5 is attached and the inside can be filled with air, by filling the inside with air and expanding it, an approximate elliptical cross-sectional shape is obtained, and the reflective film 2 becomes an approximate parabolic curved surface. By directing the axial direction of the approximate parabola curved surface to the direction of sunlight, the direct light 3 passes through the transmissive film 1 to reach the reflective film 2, and the reflected light 4 reflected at a required angle passes through the transmissive film 1. And then converges on the focal point 7. This method makes it possible to create a parabolic mirror very easily. Also, when precision of the parabolic surface is required, it can be easily done by developing and sticking the reflecting film 2 in the required shape by means of gas film molding, and large-scale molding can also be easily done at low cost. Is. Further, since the permeable film 1 has elasticity and the reflection film 2 uses a film material having low elasticity, the shape of the reflection surface can be kept constant even if the filling pressure of the internal gas changes due to temperature or the like. It is also possible to do so.

2 FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the ring-reinforced concentrator, which will be described. The entire shape is thinly formed by joining the transparent film 1 and the reflective film 2 to the outer circumference of the porous film ring 9 having a ring-shaped porous film structure to form an air chamber composed of the transparent film 1 and the reflective film 2. It is possible to obtain a parabolic surface with high accuracy and a long focal length. In addition, the filling pressure of the gas film ring 9 is increased to increase the rigidity of the outer peripheral portion, and the transmission film 1 and the reflection film 2 are
It is also possible to control the focal point by adjusting the pressure of the air chamber, and changing the amount of deformation arbitrarily.

3 FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a ring eccentric focus concentrator, which will be described. The structure is the same as that shown in FIG. 3, but the shape of the reflection film 2 is such that the parabola axis is inclined, and a desired surface shape is formed on the reflection film 2 to allow direct light It is possible to reflect the light 3 and the reflected light 4 in an arbitrary direction and to focus the focal point 7 at an arbitrary position.

4 FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of the surface focus collector, which will be described. The transparent film 1 is formed so that the position of the focal point 7 converged by the reflective film 2 is on or near the surface of the transparent film 1, and the focal point 7 is formed on the solar cell 10 attached to the transparent film 1 directly or with a space. To configure. As a result, focused light is applied to the surface of the solar cell 10 only by filling it with gas, and it is possible to easily form a concentrating solar cell. The opposite side of the condensing part of the reflective film 2 is an air chamber separate from the condensing part so that the filling pressure can be made different. You can sit at an angle.

5 FIG. 1 shows an example of installing a simple condenser, which will be described. The structure shown in FIG. 2 has a simple pedestal 6 attached to it, which can be easily used as a heat source for solar cooking at an outdoor camp or the like.
Since it can be used by inflating it with air only when using it, it does not become a baggage, and when it is used, it is possible to bring out more than the usual heat source for camping with a diameter of about 1 m.

6 FIG. 6 shows a diagram of a multiple interlocking solar tracking mechanism, which will be described. The plural concentrators 11 are connected to the four wires 13 by the attachments 14 that are rotatable with the wires 13 at the four outer peripheral portions of the concentrator 11, and both ends of the wires 13 are respectively rotated arms. Attach to 12. The rotary arm 12 at one end has a Y-axis 15 and an X-axis 16 which are arbitrarily or automatically controlled, and when the rotary arm 12 is rotationally controlled by the X-axis 16, it is point-bonded to four wires 13. The device 11 also swings in the X direction in the same direction. When the rotation arm 12 controls the rotation of the Y-axis 15, the four wires 13 are misaligned in the rotation direction, and each of the point-bonded concentrators 11 swings in the Y direction in parallel. With this mechanism, the plurality of light-weight condensers 11 are simultaneously directionally controlled in a state of being hung on the wire 13, and it is possible to follow the direction of the sun or radio waves with a simple facility. Also parallel to the pulling direction the ground of the wire 13, the vertical, it may be placed in an oblique what direction, the inclined surface of the roof, the inclined surface of the mountain can be installed everywhere such interval of buildings. When a structure such as a typhoon or the concentrator 11 is likely to be damaged, it is possible to release the filling pressure of the concentrator 11 and store the concentrator 11 in the event of an accident. Even if something is blown by the wind, the condenser 11 is very light and does not cause a secondary disaster. By controlling a plurality of this system at the same time, it is possible to easily concentrate the focal points of a plurality of condensers 11 in a row and at a single point. A highly efficient solar power generation system can be built anywhere.

As described above, each structure and characteristic are provided, and it is possible to adapt to various environments by each structure, combination of functions, and constituent materials.

[0017]

EXAMPLE A simple trial production was carried out by using the cross-sectional view of the single film condenser shown in FIG. 2 to verify the effect. Using a resin wrap for household use as the permeable membrane 1, aluminum foil for household use as the reflective membrane 2, and a needle of a syringe as a substitute for the valve 5, cut the permeable membrane 1 and the reflective membrane 2 into a circle with a diameter of 100 mm, Prototype by inserting the needle of the syringe and adhering the needle with a rubber adhesive. By filling air with a syringe, the permeable film 1 and the reflective film 2 bulged like balloons, and an approximate concave mirror could be easily prototyped.

[0018]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, the effects of the present invention are listed below.

By reducing the manufacturing cost of the device and equipment, the manufacturing cost of the condenser 1 is drastically reduced, so that it is possible to reduce the amount of expensive solar cells used and to perform solar power generation at low cost. 2. It becomes possible to easily use high-quality high-temperature energy from a solar furnace at low cost. 3 Even in the case of high-efficiency solar thermal power generation, the cost of the light condensing part, which is a cost factor, is reduced, and the cost of the entire system is reduced.

Due to the ease of installation and restoration of equipment and facilities, it is possible to easily secure a power source and a heat source in a place where there is no power source or a heat source, such as a camp, by installing it with one movement. 2 When power or power cannot be used due to an emergency disaster, it can be easily installed and used as an emergency power source or power source. 3 It can be installed even in places where it could not be installed due to difficult transportation. 4 In case of emergency such as typhoon, it can be removed immediately and it is easy to secure the safety of the equipment. 5 Even when used in outer space, it has a light loading weight and can be shaped with a small amount of gas to create a large solar concentrator or large parabolic antenna at low cost.

Even if one piece of equipment is destroyed due to some abnormality due to the reduction in weight of equipment, there are no hard and heavy parts, and a secondary disaster due to breakdown failure can be prevented. This enables safe installation even in a place where people gather. 2 It is easy to move and carry equipment. 3 The amount of raw materials used for manufacturing the equipment is small, and the amount of waste emitted when the equipment is abolished is also reduced. 4 If the filling gas is a light gas such as helium, the concentrator itself is suspended like a balloon, and if the attitude is controlled with a propellant or a wire from the ground, if it floats above the clouds, it will be a stable collection regardless of the weather. It is also possible to build an optical solar power generation system and parabolic antenna.

By making the apparatus compact when not in use, it is possible to easily secure a power source and a heat source in a place where there is no heat source, such as a camp, etc., by installing it with movement. 2 It is possible to easily secure the power source and heat source when recovery takes time in the event of a disaster. 3 When launching into outer space, the payload of the rocket,
The loading space is greatly reduced. As described above, the effects of the present invention can be applied to various environments, and the cost of equipment and facilities can be reduced.

[0023]

[Brief description of drawings]

[Fig. 1] Example of simple light collector installation

[Fig. 2] Cross-sectional view of a single film concentrator

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a ring-reinforced concentrator.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a surface focus collector.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an eccentric focus collector.

[Figure 6] Multi-link solar tracking mechanism diagram

[Explanation of symbols]

1 permeable membrane 2 reflective film 3 direct light 4 reflected light 5 valves 6 mounts 7 focus 8 Heat collecting part 9 Air ring 10 solar cells 11 Concentrator 12 rotating arms 13 wires 14 Attachment 15 Y axis 16 X axis

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A structure of a reflecting mirror used for increasing the intensity of light or radio wave, wherein airtightness is obtained by combining a transmissive film 1 having high transmissivity of light or radio wave and a reflective film 2 having high transmissivity of light or radio wave. The concentrator having the gas film structure described above and having a high reflectivity when filled with gas has a parabolic shape or a shape that is an alternative thereto. 2. A gas membrane ring 9 which is a ring-shaped gas membrane structure.
The air-tight gas film structure has a transparent film 1 with high light or radio wave transmittance and a reflective film 2 with high light or radio wave reflectance on the opposite surface. The condenser according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the reflection film 2 having a high reflectance when the ring shape is fixed and the ring-shaped central portion is filled with a gas has a parabolic surface or a shape that is an alternative thereto. . 3. A part of the shape of the transparent film 1 having a high light or radio wave transmittance is shaped so as to be a reflection focus position obtained from the light or radio wave reflective film 2, and a light receiving or power receiving device is formed at a focus 7. The concentrator according to claim 1, having a structure in which the transparent film 1 can be directly provided. 4. A plurality of concentrators 11 constructed according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are supported by wires 13, and the misalignment length and rotation angle of each wire 13 are set to a rotary arm 12. The light condensing system which adjusts the angle of and conversely tracks a plurality of light collectors 11 at the same time.