RU183020U1 - SELF-LOCKING NUT, SEALING - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to threaded connections of structural elements in machines and mechanisms. A self-locking, sealing nut contains a housing (1) with a threaded hole (2). The housing is crimped from the first end and equipped with a flange (3), from the second end the flange is made with faces (4, 5) and tabs (14, 15). The nut also contains a ferrule (6) with an opening (7) under the body and a cavity (8) limited by faces (9, 10). The housing (1) is inserted with a gap (11) into the hole (7) of the cage (6). The faces (4, 5) of the housing flange are opposite to the faces (9, 10) of the cage (6) with gaps (12, 13) between them. The paws cover the clip (6). The nut is equipped with a ring (16) made of elastic material, while the hole of the ring is coaxial with the threaded hole (2) of the housing. The ring (16) is rigidly fixed (17) on the second end of the casing. The technical result consists in the possibility of self-sealing with a nut the holes in the assembly connection without the use of additional tools and elements and in improving the manufacturability of the assembly process. 8 s.p. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to threaded connections of structural elements in machines and mechanisms, specifically to nuts, which, according to the design and technological concept, are located in inaccessible places (closed areas), while the technology of creating a bolt-nut connection provides for fixing the nut on one of the connected elements ( anchor nut), followed by screwing a bolt or stud into it.

When creating a threaded fastener connection subjected to alternating or vibrational loads, self-locking nuts are used, in which a locking element is provided that enhances the reliability of the threaded connection.

If the threaded connection is located at the locations of the fluids, for example, when assembling fuel caissons or compressed gas cylinders, it is necessary to seal the bolt holes in order to ensure the tightness of the structure.

A self-locking nut is known, consisting of a housing with a clip fixed at the installation site, an elastic ring installed in the nut housing by rolling with a sealing method in the middle of the nut housing skirt (patent RU 2357116 C2, IPC F16B 37/00, F16B 39/284, F16B 39 / 34). The disadvantages of the nut are the requirements for pairing the end face of the nut to the mounting surface on the flange side, which requires an additional gasket to ensure tightness, as well as a possible loss of tightness between the workings of the inner surface of the ring and the circumference of the hollows of the bolt (stud) in case of dismantling and reinstalling the threaded connection.

Known Sealing self-locking nut made with a flange representing a support plate (holder) with a nut (Patent CN 103016500 (B), IPC F16B 37/14, F16B 39/28, F16B 41/00, publ. 24.12.2014) to seal the threaded connection, an elastic ring and a sealing cover in contact with this ring are installed on the outside of the nut housing; when the nut is locked on the surface, fasteners pass both through holes in the nut flange and through the flanges of the sealing cover. The disadvantages of the presented design are the unreliability of sealing, due to the possibility of destruction of the material of the sealing ring by the bolt thread, since this ring is crimped during the installation of the flange, and is fixed until the installation and screwing in of the bolt begin, as well as increased requirements for the accuracy of the nut positioning due to the limited radial movement of the bolt during alignment connection, hole diameter in the fastened elements.

Known self-locking nut with a sealing ring (Patent CN 202690684 U, IPC F16B 37/06, F16B 39/02, publ. 01/23/2013), containing a nut with a female thread, equipped with a flange with holes for fixing on the mounting surface. At the same time, a groove is made in the end of the housing on the flange side, inside of which a sealing ring is inserted. The disadvantages of the presented design are low manufacturability when creating the assembly, the possibility of deformation of the shape and position of the o-ring during assembly and leakage of fluid through the threaded connection, which is compensated by installing the plug on the other end of the nut, however, when installing the bolt on the sealant, it is possible to break through the plug extruded by the sealant .

The prototype of a utility model, the set of features of which is the most functional, taking into account the field of application, is a self-locking nut for closed areas (Patent RU 2529094 C1, IPC F16B 39/28, published on 09.27.2014), containing a cylindrical body with a threaded hole, crimped from the first end and equipped with a flange with parallel faces from the second end and a cage made with an opening under the casing and a cavity — a recess limited by two parallel faces, the casing is inserted with a gap in the cage’s hole, the faces of the casing flange are opposite to the gran pits of the cage, with gaps between them, while on the flange of the body made paws covering the cage.

The prototype provides reliable connection of structural elements under the conditions of alternating current or vibrational loads, and is also technologically advanced during the assembly process, however, the prototype does not provide for sealing of the assembly opening on the nut side. In this case, in the case of using additional means, for example, a sealing gasket under the nut housing, adjustment is required in position relative to the threaded hole of the housing, which reduces the manufacturability of the assembly process. In the case of sealing the assembly connection from the bolt side, for example, by installing rubber rings, according to OST 1 14367-85, the assembly process is also complicated, since a special tool is required to make grooves for these rings.

When creating a utility model, the task was to create a nut for reliable connection of structural elements under the conditions of alternating or vibrational loads, which ensures that the nut is sealed with holes in the assembly connection without the use of additional tools and elements, as well as technological in the assembly process.

The problem is solved by the design of a self-locking nut, sealing, containing a housing with a threaded hole, crimped from the first end and provided with a flange with faces and tabs from the second end, and a holder made with an opening under the housing and a cavity bounded by faces, while the housing is inserted with a gap in holder hole, faces of the housing flange are opposite to the faces of the holder, with gaps between them, the legs cover the holder, the nut is also equipped with a ring made of elastic material, rigidly fixed to the second the end of the housing, while the hole of the ring is aligned with the threaded hole of the housing.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the utility model consists in the possibility of self-sealing with a nut the holes in the assembly connection, without the use of additional tools and elements, and in improving the manufacturability of the assembly process.

In special cases of execution:

- to exclude deformation and changing the position of the ring during assembly, a groove for positioning the ring can be made in the end of the housing;

- to increase the tightness of the connection, the material of the ring can be selected with the possibility of ensuring radial expansion and axial compression during axial loading of the ring;

- to create a strong connection, the end of the ring can be rigidly fixed to the end of the body by vulcanization;

- to reduce the requirement for the availability of production equipment, the end face of the ring can be rigidly fixed to the end of the housing by gluing;

- to increase the reliability of the threaded connection and increase the tightness, the inner diameter of the hole of the ring can be made smaller than the inner diameter of the threaded hole of the housing;

- to exclude deformation of the ring in case of repeated installation and dismantling, the inner diameter of the hole of the ring can be made larger than the inner diameter of the threaded hole of the housing.

to increase the strength (area) of the rigid connection of the elastic ring and the end of the housing, as well as to improve axial sealing along the body of the bolt, the surface of the ring can be made in the form of a torus with corresponding profiling of the groove, while the cross-section of the ring can be made lenticular in shape.

The following graphic materials are used to explain the essence of the claimed utility model:

FIG. 1. Self-locking nut, sealing, front view;

FIG. 2. Self-locking nut, sealing, top view;

FIG. 3. Section A-A of FIG. one.

The self-locking, sealing nut (Fig. 1, 2) contains a housing (1) with a threaded hole (2). The housing is crimped from the first end and provided with a flange (3) from the second end. The flange is made with faces (4, 5) and legs (14, 15). The nut also contains a ferrule (6), with an opening (7) under the body and a cavity (8) limited by faces (9, 10). The housing (1) is inserted with a gap (11) into the hole (7) of the cage (6). The faces (4, 5) of the housing flange are opposite to the faces (9, 10) of the holder (6), with gaps (12, 13) between them, the tabs (14, 15), cover the holder (6) (Fig. 3). The nut is equipped with a ring (16) made of elastic material, while the hole of the ring is coaxial with the threaded hole (2) of the housing and the ring (16) is rigidly fixed (17) to the second end of the housing equipped with a flange (3).

The first end of the housing is crimped, for example, in accordance with OST1 33101-80 "Compressed part of the self-locking nuts", which establishes the compression patterns of the self-locking nuts and the dimensions of their compressed part. At the moment when the bolt is screwed into the nut, the bolt thread begins to cut the inner surface of the crimped end, due to which a deformation effect occurs in the bolt-nut system, which has a slightly springy effect, which in turn virtually eliminates the possibility of spontaneous unscrewing of the nut, since the “jamming effect” begins to work, due to which it will take several times more external forces required to remove the nut from the bolt.

The material of the ring is selected taking into account the characteristics of the pressurized fluid, in the General case, it can be rubber HO-68, or rubber. To compress the bolt rod when twisting and fitting the ring to the sealed hole, the ring material can be selected with the possibility of providing radial expansion and axial compression during axial loading of the ring.

The dimensions and shape of the cross section of the ring are calculated taking into account the elastic properties of the material and the profile of the fastened surfaces and are checked experimentally, the surface of the ring can be made in the shape of a torus and the cross section of the ring is lenticular.

At the end of the housing (1), a groove can be made for positioning and deformation of the ring (16).

The ring can be rigidly fixed to the end of the casing by means of vulcanization, for example, performed in vulcanizing autoclaves intended for vulcanization under pressure, or the end of the ring can be rigidly fixed to the end of the casing by gluing, for example, 88NP or VK-27 adhesives.

The diameter of the hole of the ring can be made smaller or larger than the inner diameter of the threaded hole of the housing, which is determined during the design study.

The utility model is implemented as follows.

The ring is rigidly fixed, vulcanized or glued to the second end of the housing from the flange side. The housing is inserted from the cavity side into the hole of the holder so that the faces of the housing flange are opposite — they are located opposite the sides of the holder. The legs of the body are bent, covering the clip like brackets (Fig. 3).

The result is a device with structural integrity.

The holder (6) is fixed to the mounting surfaces, for example, by gluing, soldering or welding, and holes (18, 19) can be made in the holder (6) for installing mechanical fasteners, for example, for riveting. Fixing the nut holder to one of the surfaces to be connected provides precise positioning before starting assembly work.

Since the ring is rigidly fixed relative to the nut design, no additional technological adjustment is required for the position relative to the threaded hole of the housing, which increases the manufacturability of the assembly process.

In a utility model, the gaps are calculated during the design study with subsequent experimental verification. The gaps are set so that in the process of creating a threaded connection until the end of the twisting, the housing can move freely relative to the holder within the structural limits.

When creating an assembly, the bolt passes through the surfaces to be joined and abuts against the end face of the nut. Due to the gaps between the faces and between the body and the hole, the threaded hole is centered, then the bolt is twisted.

As the bolt tightens, the elastic end of the ring is pressed against the hole in the assembly connection, takes the form of the mating surface and closes it, at the same time, the ring expands radially and encompasses the bolt rod, thus, the assembly hole for the bolt is sealed by means of a nut design.

If the inner diameter of the ring is less than the diameter of the internal thread of the threaded hole, at the moment when the bolt is screwed into the nut, the bolt thread begins to cut the inner surface of the ring, while in the "bolt-nut" system an additional deformation effect occurs that has a spring-loaded action , which, in turn, increases the reliability of the connection and, at the same time, improves tightness.

In the case of using a ring whose inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the internal thread of the threaded hole, tightness will be ensured by radial expansion of the ring, or it is advisable to use bolts with a rod made with threaded and smooth parts. At the beginning of screwing, the rigid fastening of the ring to the body will not allow it to radially expand until the ring contour passes through the threaded part (determined by the design study), and during the process, the expanding elastic material of the ring, expanding, covers the smooth part of the rod ensuring tightness.

When developing the design of products, it is advisable for the designer to install a utility model from the side of fluid locations, for example, fuel, compressed air, etc., the possible passage of which through an opening in the assembly connection is undesirable.

It is obvious that in the created assembly connection, sealing can be provided only by the nut design, the use of additional tools and elements is not required.

The maximum compression of the bolt body by the ring and compaction along the flange contact surface (maximum sealing of the joint) occurs at the end of the bolt tightening, and an additional technical result arises in the assembly design - the tightness of the joint can be adjusted by rotating the bolt.

Claims (9)

1. Self-locking, sealing nut, comprising a housing with a threaded hole, crimped from the first end and provided with a flange with faces and tabs from the second end, and a holder made with an opening under the body and cavity bounded by faces, while the body is inserted with a gap into the hole of the holder , the faces of the housing flange are opposite to the faces of the holder, with gaps between them, the legs cover the holder, characterized in that it is equipped with a ring made of elastic material, rigidly fixed to the second end of the housing, while the hole rings coaxially with the threaded hole of the housing. 2. The nut according to claim 1, in which a groove is made in the end of the housing for positioning the ring. 3. The nut according to claim 1, wherein the ring material is selected with the possibility of ensuring radial expansion and axial compression during axial loading of the ring. 4. The nut according to claim 1 or 2, in which the end face of the ring is rigidly fixed to the end face of the housing by means of vulcanization. 5. The nut according to claim 1 or 2, in which the end face of the ring is rigidly fixed to the end face of the housing by gluing. 6. The nut according to claim 1 or 3, in which the inner diameter of the ring hole is made smaller than the inner diameter of the threaded hole of the housing. 7. The nut according to claim 3, in which the inner diameter of the hole of the ring is made larger than the inner diameter of the threaded hole of the housing. 8. The nut according to claim 2, wherein the surface of the ring is made in the shape of a torus and the groove at the end of the ring is profiled to fit such a surface. 9. The nut according to claim 1 or 8, in which the section of the ring is lentil-shaped.

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