RU182764U1 - Composite functional material - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to composite functional materials that change shape under the influence of temperature, and can be used in medicine, engineering, construction, household, etc. Composite functional material contains polylactide as a thermoplastic located between layers of bioinert thermal insulating material. The edges of the layers of thermally insulating material are soldered together on a plane.

Description

The utility model relates to composite functional materials that change their shape under the influence of temperature, and can find application in medicine, mechanical engineering, construction, in everyday life, etc.

Composite materials are increasingly used in structural structures in many areas due to their attractive mechanical properties and low weight compared to metals.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is the low-temperature thermoplastic used in medicine, polycaprolactone, which changes shape under the influence of temperature and coated with a layer of bioinert foam polyurethane (RF patent for utility model No. 128493).

However, the melting point of polycaprolactone (59-64 ° C) does not allow it to be used in some cases without a reinforcing layer and (or) binding chemical additives. The glass transition temperature of polycaprolactone is 34-44 ° C, which significantly reduces the time it takes to form the product.

The technical result is the creation of a functional polymer composite material, providing an increase in its solidification time.

The technical result is achieved in that in a composite functional material containing at least two layers that are firmly connected to each other on a plane, one of which is made of thermoplastic, and the second layer is made of bioinert thermally insulating material, according to a utility model as a thermoplastic use polylactide located between the layers of thermally insulating material, while the edges of the layers of thermally insulating material are soldered together.

Polylactide is a thermoplastic aliphatic polyester derived from renewable resources and used in various fields. The use of polylactide in the composition of the composite functional material allows you to create durable products and structures with low weight.

The composite functional material is made of an inner layer, which is a polylactide, and external layers made of a thermally insulating material, for example, isolon, foamed polyurethane, neoprene, etc. The thermally insulating materials used are bioinert.

Thermal insulating layers allow you to keep the heated polylactide layer in a plastic state, increasing the time for working with the material to form rigid structures, products, in particular, manually.

The polylactide layer can be made of various shapes (for example, a continuous sheet, a cellular sheet). The creation of a polylactide layer is carried out by casting (vacuum, pressure), 3D printing. It is also possible to stamp the polylactide layer from the prepared casting sheets of products of a specific shape.

After receiving the polylactide layer of the required thickness, structure and shape, it is packaged between layers of thermally insulating material. The edges of the thermally insulating material are interconnected by soldering or thermal welding.

The glass transition temperature of polylactide is 54-65 ° C. At temperatures above this, polylactide becomes ductile. For forming the product, a temperature of 65 ° C and above is required. The applied layers of thermally insulating material make it possible to maintain the indicated temperature of polylactide, maintaining it in a plastic state and, thus, extending the time for work on the formation of the product, including manually.

The inventive composite functional material can be used in various fields.

For example, the use in medicine for immobilization purposes, in the conservative treatment of fractures.

Select the sheet of composite material of the cellular structure of the required size. The material is heated in various ways: in water at 70-95 ° C for 3-10 minutes, dry heat (in the oven) at a temperature of 80-100 ° C for 2-5 minutes to a plastic state.

A heated sheet of material wraps the damaged limb, giving it the necessary shape.

A thermally insulating layer protects the skin surface of the patient and the doctor from the high temperature of the heated polylactide, allowing the immobilization dressing to be applied painlessly. In addition, the thermally insulating layer is physiologically harmless, non-toxic and does not irritate upon contact.

The advantage of this dressing is its lightness and strength. Also, the cellular structure of the material makes the bandage physiological.

The inventive composite functional material can also be used in everyday life to obtain designs of all kinds of fastening devices for various products (for example, a stand for tools, a telephone, dishes), in construction for creating molds for pouring other materials, such as concrete, gypsum, etc.

Reusable use of the material is possible when it is reheated in order to give a new shape to the product or design.

The thickness range, shape and architecture of the composite material varies depending on the specific product.

Claims (1)

Composite functional material containing at least two layers firmly connected to each other on a plane, one of which is made of thermoplastic, and the second layer is made of bioinert thermo-insulating material, characterized in that polylactide located between the layers is used as thermoplastic thermally insulating material, while the edges of the layers of thermally insulating material are soldered together.