RU1825886C - Method of cleaning exhaust gases of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Use for purification of exhaust gases in internal combustion engines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The exhaust gas stream is cooled and separated before being fed into the inlet system, the flow from the filter element is directed to a gas distributor, in which it is divided into two, the first is passed through a chemical lime absorber, and the second through oxygen and receive potassium, both of which the stream is cooled and fed to a gas carrier, where both streams are mixed. 2 cp fs, 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to internal combustion engines

Known methods for cleaning the exhaust gases of the engine using filters and devices that include chemicals that react to one, at most three types of gas, in the total mixture of exhaust gases. Typically, carbon monoxide, odorous substances and soot particles are removed in this manner. The exhaust gases are subsequently emitted into the atmosphere or partially sent to the engine and to the atmosphere.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency.

The drawing shows a diagram of a device for implementing the described method.

An apparatus for implementing a method for purifying exhaust gases for an internal combustion engine 1 comprises a filter element 3 connected to an exhaust manifold 2, in communication with a gas distributor 4, divided into two volumes, in an upper volume

chemically active substance — chemical lime absorber (HPI), s lower volume — regenerative substance — potassium peroxide 6, the oxygen chamber 7 of the gas distributor is connected through the gas duct 8 to the inlet system 9 of the engine. The device also contains a microprocessor 10, which controls the operation of the gate 11 installed at the inlet to the gas distributor 5.

The method is carried out as follows.

Gases from the exhaust manifold 2 of the engine 1 enter the filter element 3, in which the soot particles are cleaned, the stream is cooled to 30-50 ° C and separated.

Purified from soot particles, the cooled and separated gas stream is directed to the gas distributor 4, in which the gas stream is divided into two streams by a mechanical shutter controlled by a microprocessor. The first stream on (L

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they are directed to a chemically active substance - CPI, by chemical cleaning of the exhaust gases from CO2, cooled and sent to gas line 8. Chemical reactions occur between the CPI and CO2. The second stream is directed to a regenerative substance - potassium peroxide, chemically purify the exhaust gases from CO2, CO, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides and obtain pure oxygen, cool, and a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen enters the oxygen chamber 7, mix both streams in the gas pipeline 8 and the stream of purified oxygenated gases is sent to the inlet system of the engine. The amount of oxygen in the mixture of purified exhaust gases is controlled by a microprocessor. Chemical reactions in a regenerative substance are as follows (H20 - water vapor):

2K02 + H20 - 2KOH + 1.502 + Q 2K02 + CO2 - K2CO3 + 1.5 02 + O 2K02 + CO2 - K2CO3 + 02 + Q 6COa-I-6NO - 2KN02 + ZKMOZ + + 1.5 02 + Q

2K02 + S02- K2S04 + 02 + Q.

The basis of the CPI are compounds Ca {OH} a and MaOH. With the passage of exhaust gases through the granules of the substance, the following reactions occur:

O (OH) 2 + CO2 - CaCO3 + H20 + 19 kcal 2NaOH + MF) 2 - Na2C03 + N20 + 28 kcal. hfaO in the form of exhaust gas vapor is discharged from the gas distribution system Tel. The industry supplies CPI with an absorption capacity of about 100 L CO2 per kilogram of material.

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Signals about the amount of oxygen in the intake manifold 9 of the engine 2 are received and the signal is transmitted to the controls of the flap located at the inlet of the gas distributor. The amount of oxygen released during the reactions depends on the amount of exhaust gases passed through the regenerative substance, the reactivity of the substance. The amount of exhaust gas is regulated by the position of the damper. With a deterioration in the reactivity of the regenerative substance, it is replaced. The microprocessor 10 is designed to control the oxygen content in the intake manifold of the engine,

Claims (3)

1. The method of CLEARING the exhaust gases of an internal engine by passing a gas stream through a particulate filter of the filter element and supplying a stream of purified gases from the gas duct to the engine inlet system, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, they are cooled before being fed into the intake system and fed into the gas duct, and the second, through a regenerative substance with the possibility of producing oxygen, is cooled and fed into the gas duct, and in the latter both flows are mixed. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a chemically active substance I use a chemical lime scavenger, 3. The method according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that potassium peroxide is used as a regenerative substance,