RU1825397C - Method for blasting rocks by charge groups (rows) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining, and in particular to drilling and blasting operations in quarries. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a cone drilling machine is used to drill the first from a slope of a ledge of a series of wells. Similarly, wells of a subsequent row (s) are drilled sequentially. Drilling is carried out until an undisturbed array is reached. Then, wells are drilled using the fire method and expanded from the bottom by the fire method to a height equal to 0.6-0.85 of the unexpanded part of the well. The invention relates in a similar fashion to mining, and in particular to drilling and blasting technology. ny work in quarries. The aim of the invention is to reduce the specific consumption of explosives, the volume of fire expansion of the wells while providing a given output of rock mass, the amount of produced gases from the explosion, the amount of collapse of rocks and the reduction of the disturbance of the array in the back of the hole with the increase in the number of wells of the subsequent series (s) and their expansion to a height equal to 1.4-1.7 of the height of the unexpanded part of the corresponding well with the formation of the extended part of the well (s). In the last row, drilling is carried out in a similar manner, then it is expanded to a height of 0.6-0.9 of the height of the unexpanded part of the well. The range of the ratio of the diameter of the expanded part of each well to the diameter of the unexpanded part is 1.4-2.2. Then, explosive wells are charged and filled with stemming. The ratio of the heights of the explosive column to the stemming column in the unexpanded part of the wells is 0.45-0.7 and 0.1-0.25, respectively, and the ratio of the heights of the unexpanded part of the wells (s) of the intermediate series (a) to the unexpanded part wells of the first and last series 0.6-0.8. Then the blast network is mounted and blown up. Using the method will reduce the specific consumption of explosives, the volume of fire expansion of the wells, reduce the disturbance of the array to the rear of the face with an increase in the productivity of drilling rock mass. 2 ill. performance of drilling rock masses with fire boring machines without compromising the quality of crushing. In FIG. 1 depicts a three-row arrangement of wells; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of the arrangement of five rows of wells. The method is as follows. A cone drilling machine is used to drill the first from the slope of the ledge 1 of a number of wells 2 to a depth of 4-7 m (the disturbed prefefe of the 00th eaten with VJ OJ

Description

explosive part of the well), then in a similar way they drill successively 3 wells of the next row with three-row drilling of the array and rows with a larger number (Fig. 2) and wells 4 of the last row. Roller cone drilling is carried out until an undisturbed array is reached. After this, the wells 2 are drilled in the undisturbed massif and expanded from the bottom by the fire method to a height equal to 0.6-0.85 of the unexpanded part 5 of the well 2 with the formation of the expanded part 6 of the well 2.

Then, in a similar manner, wells 3 of the subsequent series (s) are drilled and expanded to a height equal to 1.4-1.7 of the height of the unexpanded part 7 of the corresponding well with the formation of the expanded part 8 of the well (s) 3. After that, the last in a similar way, drilling, and then expanding to a height of 0.6-0.9, the height of the unexpanded part 9 of the well 4, with the formation of the expanded part 10 of the well 4. The expansion of each well is carried out in the range of ratios of the diameter of the expanded part of each well to the diameter ner its expanded part 1 4 2.2. Then, the explosives of the extended part of the wells are charged and the explosives of the unexpanded part of the wells are partially charged in the first 2 and last 4 rows with a partial filling with stemming in the unexpanded part of 5, 9 wells 2, 4 and a full filling with stemming in the unexpanded part of 7 wells ( s) 3. When placing the explosives, the entire volume of the expanded part 6, 8, 10 of wells 2, 3, 4 is filled with fully explosive and the explosives of the wells 2 of the first and the wells of the last 4 are continued to be filled. The ratio of the heights of the explosive column to the stemming column in the unexpanded part of wells 2 and 4 is 0.45-0.7 and 0.1-0.25, respectively. The ratio of the height (s) of the unexpanded part of 7 wells (s) 3 of the intermediate (s) rows to the unexpanded part of 5.9 wells 2, 4 of the first and last series is 0.6-0.8. Then the blast network is mounted according to known schemes and blown up.

Examples of the method.

The implementation of the method in relation to the mine YGOK.

With a commercially available cone drilling machine, the first drilled from the slope of the ledge of a series of wells with a diameter of 250 mm to a depth of 4-7 m (part of the array disturbed by the previous explosion), then the remaining wells are similarly drilled

p dov. Roller cone drilling is carried out until an undisturbed array is reached. After that, in an undisturbed array, drilling is carried out by a fire by a commercially available machine

wells with a diameter of 200 mm until the well reaches a depth of 16-18 m. Then, with the same fire drill from the bottom, the same wells are expanded to a diameter of 320-440 mm to a height of 7.0-7.5 m (wells of the first and last row ) and on

the height of 9.5-11.2 wells of the intermediate row (s).

In other mines, for example, in the mine of InGOK, wells with a diameter of 250 mm are drilled to a height of 16-18 m with a cone drilling machine, and then in these wells,

d starting from the bottom, the fire-drilling machine expands to a borehole diameter of 320,440 mm to a height of 7 7.5 m in the first and last rows and to a height of 9.5-1.2 m in the intermediate row (s).

After drilling, explosive substances, for example granulite or grammonite, are charged with the expanded part of the well using commercially available transport-charging machines and partial unloading of the unexpanded part of the wells with the same explosives to a height of 3-4.5 m in the first row and to a height of 1-1.7

5 m in the last row, The rest of the unexpanded part of the first and last part of the well, as well as the completely unexpanded part of the wells of the intermediate row (s), are filled with stemming. After that, the explosive installation

0 networks according to well-known schemes and blasting.

In the case of using below optimal parameters, if the heights of the extended part of the wells of the first and last rows vary within 5-5.7 m, and in the intermediate (s) 8.4-9 m at a height of the charge column in the unexpanded part wells of the first row of 3 m and 1-0.8 m of the last row using the same equipment as described above and the same explosives with the same sequence of operations, the crushing of the broken rock mass will significantly deteriorate compared to using the optimal parameters, although the specific explosive consumption per discharge will decrease ooh.

In the case of using parameters higher than optimal, if the height of the extended part of the wells of the first and last rows varies between 7.5–9.8 m, and in the intermediate) –9.8–11 m at the height of the charge column in the unexpanded part of the wells the first row - 3.8-3.6 m and the last row

2.5-3.6 m using the same equipment and the same explosives in the same sequence of operations, the specific consumption of explosives will increase compared to using the optimal parameters, however, the quality of crushing will deteriorate due to an increase in the disturbance of the array in the rear of the mine and the precipitation of large buttes of undisturbed ore from there, the magnitude of the collapse of the rock will increase due to the transition of most of the explosion energy into kinetic, the amount of poisonous gases generated by the explosion will increase, although it will partially decrease It is the volume of fire spreading wells (10%).

Mining equipment and explosives are commercially available and available at all quarries to implement the invention.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method of rock destruction by groups (rows) of charges, including rolling drilling of wells, followed by their expansion by the fire method from the bottom of the well, placement of explosives and jamming in them, blasting, characterized in that wells of the first row from the escarpment of the ledge are expanded to a height equal to 0.6 - 0.85 of the unexpanded part of the well, the next row to a height of 1.4-1.7, and the last row to a height of 0.6 0.9. the range of the ratio of the diameter of the expanded part of each well to the diameter of the unexpanded part is 1.4-2.2. placement of explosives and stemming in the unexpanded part of the well of the first and last rows at a ratio of the heights of the explosive charge and stemming, respectively, 0.46-0.7 and 0.1 - 0.75, and in the wells of intermediate rows in the unexpanded part, only the stemming is placed with the ratio of the height of the unexpanded part of the well of the intermediate rows to the unexpanded part of the wells of the first and last pts 0.6-0.8. // /// fg / e.i m I