RU1824111C - Hydroponic plant - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the invention relates to agriculture. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A hydroponic installation comprises a number of frames parallel to one another. Each frame is made in the form of struts, in the upper part of each of which crossbars are pivotally fixed with the possibility of forming an angle between them. On them are established marrows. Light poles are mounted on each column symmetrically to its vertical axis with the possibility of vertical movement along it. This arrangement of light sources improves the conditions for growing plants. PLN 1 f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to devices for growing plants in greenhouses using hydroponics.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the conditions for growing plants.

Figure 1 schematically shows a hydroponic installation (the germination is made in the form of a wall of a porous molded substrate); figure 2 - node a in figure 1; on figD- installation, side view.

The hydroponic installation includes a frame system of frame crossbars 1, suspended on hinges 2, support legs 3, and the lower parts of the crossbars 1 are connected by a folding mechanism (assembly) 4. On the crossbar x 1 there are fixed corrugators 5 (in the form of a wall) made of porous molding substrate. For the supply of nutrient solution and discharge, the installation is equipped with a system of pipes 6 with holes of the required diameter, which are installed at the top of each frame, pipe 7 and capacity 8. Pipes 6 are connected to pipe 7 and capacity 8 when

using flexible hoses 9 and pump 10. The pump 10 is equipped with an electric motor 11.

The folding mechanism is made in the form of winches 12 and counterweights 13, while the drives 14 of the winches 12 are interlocked with the time relay 15 and microswitches 16. The crossbars 1 are connected via cables 17 to the counterweight 13. The cables 17 by means of the rollers 25 change the direction of their movement ( fig.Z).

The drums of the winches 12 are equipped with a ratchet mechanism 18 (figure 2). The ratchet mechanism 18 is connected to the rod 19 of the solenoid 20. The electric motor 11 of the pump 10 is connected by an electrical connection to the relay 21. The radial trays 22 are mounted obliquely and connected to the main tray 23. capacity 8. Plants are tied to the trellis 24.

To place the sources of artificial radiation 26, paired brackets 27 are fixed on the extension of the support posts 3. Suspended at their ends

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with

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radiation sources 26. Radiation sources 26 in the upper hemisphere are provided with a luminous flux regulator 28 for redistributing light on the surface of the corridors 5. In order to reduce light losses on passages during the maintenance period, radiation sources 26 are equipped with a special luminous flux regulator in the lower hemisphere - an inverter 29. Radiation sources 26 are connected to microswitches 16.

In Fig. 3, the distance H from the light source to the base of the crossbar is indicated, L is the length of the crossbar. Light sources are fixed on each post symmetrically with respect to its vertical axis and at a distance of 0.6 L H 0.8 L. The angle formed by the crossbars is 25-30 °.

Light sources are mounted on frames with the possibility of vertical movement along it. This can be implemented in various ways, for example, by making the support column or part of it telescopic, composite with the ability to move its individual elements relative to each other in the direction of the axis of the rack. This embodiment of a hydroponic installation is necessary to simplify its maintenance.

Gidroponn installation works as follows.

In the cultivated verst 5, seeds or seedlings are planted. The panels 5 are installed in a vertical position parallel to each other. After a certain period of time, the relay 21 is activated and closes the electric dust supplying the electric motor 11 of the pump 10. The pump 10 from the tank 8 delivers a nutrient solution through the pipe 7. Through the holes, the nutrient solution is fed to the plant 5. According to the specified program, the time relay 15 closes the electric circuit supplying the electric motors 14 of the winches 12. The electric motor 14 drives the winch 12, which, rotating, move the lower parts of the crossbars 1 in opposite directions. In this case, the panels 5 rotate with their longitudinal axis at a certain angle of inclination.

The lower bases of adjacent sprouts 5 (near standing rows) move towards each other, blocking all the aisles. As soon as the walls move to the proper point (the angle between the crossbars is 25-30), they are in contact with the microswitches 16. The microswitches 16 open the electric circuit supplying the electric motors 14 of the winches 12. And close the electric circuit supplying the time relay 15. In this case the electric motor 14 stops working. The winch drum 12 is locked in position by a ratchet mechanism 18.

Microswitches 16, junction

the electric circuit supplying the electric motors 14 of the winches 12, and the short circuit, the electric circuit supplying the time relay 15, simultaneously close the circuit supplying

0 sources of artificial radiation 26. The sources of radiation 26 irradiate the plant 5. The redistribution of the light flux of the sources of radiation 26 on the plant 5 is carried out by dimmers 28, 29.

5 The control of the angle of rotation of the blinds of the dimmers 28, 29 is carried out by a special adjustment of the angle of rotation of the blinds 30. After a certain period of time, the timer 15 closes the electric circuit supplying the solenoid 20. The solenoid 20 by means of the rod 19 moves the ratchet mechanism 18 upward. In this case, the winches 12 are released. The sprouts 5 under the influence of their own weight, the force of the counterweight 5 of the weight 13 moves from an inclined position to a vertical one. In this case, the crossbars 1 are in contact with the microswitches 16. The microswitches 16 close the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 11 of the pump 10. In this case, the pump 10, by means of the electric motor 11, supplies the nutrient solution through pipes 7, At the same time, the microswitches 16 turn off the light sources 26.

5 After a certain period of time, the time relay 21 opens the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 14 of the winch 12. At the same time, the electric pump 11 stops the flow of the nutrient solution

0 through the pipes 7. By means of an electric motor 14, the lower sides of the cuttings 5 are moved from a vertical position to an inclined one. At the same time, microswitches 16 include a 2b source. Further all

5, the process steps are repeated. During the period of plant care (when tying the stems to the trellis or harvesting), close the electric circuit that feeds the solenoid 20. Solenoid 20 moves the ratchet

0 mechanism 18 by means of rod 19. In this case, the solenoid 20 unlocks the winch 12. The drum of the winch 12 is unwound. Under the influence of its own vestilate 5 and counterweight 13, the cable 17 of the winch 5 moves to its original position. Sprouts 5 are hinged and mounted in a vertical position, Sources 26 are turned off. The passage for service personnel is open. Cables 17 are laid on the floor in the channels between

5 rows of rows, which does not interfere with the work of maintenance personnel when performing technological operations. After completion of work, the germinators are again moved to an inclined position. Sources 26 are included.

The use of the claimed technical solution will improve the conditions for growing plants (increase the uniformity of irradiation in hydroponic plants), which makes it possible to improve product quality, increase yield in greenhouses by 30-25%, and reduce production costs by 25%.

Claims (2)

1. Hydroponic installation, containing a series of parallel-located frames, each of which is made in the form of racks installed parallel to each other, in the upper part of each of which is a hinge but the bolts are fixed with the possibility of forming an angle between them, the germinators installed on them, the folding mechanism of the bolts and pipelines for feeding and draining the nutrient solution, characterized in that, in order to improve the conditions for growing plants, it is equipped with light sources mounted on each rack symmetrically with respect to its vertical axis and at a distance of 0.6L H 0.8L, where H is the distance from the light source to the base of the crossbar, L is the length of the crossbar, and the distance between the posts is (0.8-1.2) 1, and formed between the crossbars ol is 25-30 °. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the light sources are mounted on a stand with the possibility of vertical movement along it. 21 guards 13 21 15 27 J 8