RU1822933C - Method spectrum-zone determination of object and device for implementation of said method - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: for exploration of natural resources4 by visual observation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: several spectrozonal images are obtained sequentially in time, each of the divided images is dyed in conditional colors, these operations are repeated cyclically, the images in conditional colors are analyzed, and the results of the analysis are monitored integrally over time with a constant color constant exceeding the cycle time, the device contains a liquid crystal image converter, at the input and output of which are installed controlled electro-optical filters, connected to a control circuit forming cyclic sequences of control pulses of the supply voltage. 2 sec and 3 s, par. 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to optoelectronics and is intended primarily for aerospace exploration of natural resources and other similar studies.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the method by real-time visual detection, while also increasing the efficiency of the device during visual observation.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a device for spectrozonal detection of an object: FIG. 2 shows examples of spectral dependences of the reflection coefficients of an object and background; Fig. 3 shows examples of A Pr dependencies in the converted image on the reflection coefficient in the original image; Fig. 4 is a diagram of the voltages supplied to a light filter and a converter.

The method includes operations for obtaining a series of spectrozonal images of an object and their thematic processing. In this case, a sequential and cyclical change of the selected spectrozonal images and thematic processing are carried out, during which each element of each spectrozonal image is colored in accordance with the reflection coefficient of this element, and portions of the image having spectral reflection coefficients coinciding with the detected object are colored into one of the primary colors and preserve this color behind such areas when processing a whole series of spectrozonal images. Spectrozonal images are selected discretely or smoothly, and their cyclic change and subsequent processing is carried out

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periodically, and the observation is performed integrally over time.

The device contains three functionally connected blocks: a controlled light filter 1, block 2, an electron-optical converter and a synchronization block 3, and in addition a photodetector 4, lens 5, a translucent mirror 6, lenses of the wrapping system 7, 8, eyepiece r 9.

The controllable light filter 1 consists of a polarizer 10, an analyzer 11, and glass substrates. 12,13, transparent electrodes 14, 15, insulating strips 16 of the liquid crystal layer 17.

The block 2 of the electron-optical converter consists of glass substrates 18, 19 ,. transparent electrodes 20, 21, a layer of photoconductor 22, a dielectric mirror 23, an insulating gasket 24, a layer of liquid crystal 25, a translucent mirror 26, a polarizer 27, an analyzer 28, a capacitor 29, a lighter 30, a power supply 31.

Synchronization block 3 consists of master oscillators 32, 33, switching blocks 34, 35, amplifiers 36, 37, pulse distributor 38, pulse generator 39. The outputs of generators 32, 33 are connected to the inputs of blocks 34, 35, to the second inputs of which the first and second outputs of the distributor 38, the input of which is connected to the output of the generator 39.

Curve 40 shown in Fig. 2 is the spectral reflectance of the object, curve 41 is the spectral reflectance of the background.

uh wig. Figure 3 shows the dependences of the wavelength H Pr in the converted pseudo-colored images on the reflection coefficient g of the corresponding elements of the original image for zones A — curve 42, B — curve 43, C — curve 44.

The device operates as follows. Using a controlled light filter 1, a number of spectrozonal images are sequentially extracted from the original image on which object 0 is located, then using the block 3 of the electron-optical converter, they are reproduced in conventional colors, and each element of the spectrozonal image is painted in color in accordance with the reflection coefficient of this element, and portions of images having spectral reflection coefficients coinciding with the detected object are painted in one of the primary colors and en by the color of such sites in the processing of the entire series of multispectral images. For the convenience of visual observation, the sequential extraction of spectrozonal images and their subsequent processing at a speed of at least 20 cycles per second are cyclically repeated, while the observation is carried out integrally in time with a constant exceeding the cycle time. In this case, if any image element has reflection coefficients that coincide with the detected object on all spectrozonal images, then when they are quickly changed, observer H will perceive this element colored in the selected primary color. If, at least in one of the spectral zones, the reflection coefficient of the image element differs from the reflection coefficient of the detected object, then the resulting color of this element, perceived by the observer, will differ from the selected primary color. Moreover, since the selected color is primary, i.e. with a color that cannot be obtained by mixing any other colors, no other combination of the reflection coefficient of the detected object results in the mixing of the colors of the selected primary color corresponding to these coefficients. Consequently, only areas that are indistinguishable by spectral reflection coefficients with the detected object will be painted in the selected primary color.

The synchronized operation of the controlled light filter 1 and the block 22 of the electron-optical converter is provided by the block 3 synchronization. The sinusoidal voltage from the master oscillators 32, 33 takes on the necessary form after passing through controlled amplifiers formed by switching units 34, 35 and power amplifiers 36, 37. Bloc. Switching kits 34, 35 are made in the form of a series of electronic switches commuting adjustable voltage dividers. The keys are cycled by means of a pulse distributor 38 made on the basis of a shift register and controlled by a pulse generator 39.

When the illumination of the background on which the observed object is changed, the intensity of the light flux incident on the block 2 of the electron-optical converter changes and, accordingly, the operation mode of the block 2 of the electron-optical converter deviates. The color of the observed object deviates from the selected primary color. To eliminate this effect, an additional photodetector 4. is installed in the circuitry of the device. We install m p g - hop flow. reflected from the observed background. The signal from the photodetector 4, proportional to the background illumination, is supplied to the synchronization unit 3 and is taken into account when forming the mode of the electron-optical converter unit 2.

Since there are three primary colors, the proposed method can be used to simultaneously monitor three different objects. To do this, turn converter 2 on in such a way that the detected objects are colored red, green and blue, respectively.

To test the effectiveness of the proposed method and device, a prototype device was manufactured. As a filter 1, a liquid-crystal controlled filter with an S-type electro-optical orientation effect working in it was used. A light filter is a structure consisting of a layer of oriented liquid crystal enclosed between two glass substrates with transparent electrodes deposited on them. This structure is placed between two polarizers, and an alternating voltage with a frequency of (0.1-5) kHz is applied to the electrodes. The spectral transmission of the filter is controlled by changing the amplitude of the supply voltage.

As the converter 2, a liquid crystal light modulator was used, the information from which was read by a collimated polarized stream of white light from an incandescent lamp. The sensitivity of the modulator is (1-10) μW / cm2, in the spectral region (0.4-0.9) μm, the resolution is 20 lip / mm. The modulator was supplied with alternating voltage with a frequency of (0.1-5) kHz. The conversion mode was set by changes in the frequency and amplitude of the supply voltage.

The synchronous operation of the filter 1 and the converter 2 was provided using a synchronizer 3, a block diagram of which is shown in Fig. 1. The sinusoidal voltage from the master oscillators 32, 33 acquired the necessary shape after passing through the controlled amplifiers formed by blocks 34, 35 and the power amplifier 36, 37. The blocks 34, 35 are made in the form of a series of electronic switches commuting adjustable voltage dividers. The keys were cycled by means of a pulse distributor 38 made on the basis of a shift register and controlled by a pulse generator 39

Figure 4 shows the characteristic Forms of amplitudes Uoi and (Jos of the control voltages supplied to the filter 1 and the converter 2, respectively, when the device operates in three spectral zones. Tests have shown that the device implements the proposed observation method well. The performance of the device elements ensures reproduction

10 converted pseudo-colored images without flickering.

At the same time, the tests revealed the following feature of the device. When changing the brightness of the scene on which

5 there is an observed object, the intensity of the light flux incident on the transducer 2 changes and, accordingly, the mode of the transducer 2 deviates from the mode prescribed

0 by the proposed method. The color of the observed object deviates from the selected primary color. To eliminate this effect, it is advisable to additionally introduce a photodetector into the device circuit

5 4 installed in the light flux reflected from the observed scene. The signal from the photodetector 4, proportional to the illumination of the scene, is fed to the synchronizer 3 and taken into account when forming

0 converter mode 2.

Claims (5)

1. The method of spectrozonal detection of an object with a given spectral distribution of the reflection coefficient, 5, which includes obtaining spectrozonal images of an object, coloring elements of spectroeonal images, followed by detecting an object from colored images, characterized in that, in order to simplify and increase productivity, obtaining spectrozonal images is repeated cyclically in time, color image elements coinciding with the detection 5 shipped object according to the spectral reflection coefficient, into the selected primary color, while the selected color is saved every time, and detection The project is carried out upon observation of UI0 in time with a constant time exceeding the cycle time. 2. A device for spectrozonal detection of an object, containing sequentially located on the axis of the input 5, a lens, a light filter, an electron-optical converter unit, and an image recording unit including lenses and an eyepiece, respectively. that, in order to improve performance, a syncronization unit is additionally introduced into the device, and an analyzer located in front of the lenses, as well as a radiation source with forming optics and a polarizer, are optically coupled through a semitransparent mirror to the optical output of the electron-optical a converter, wherein the filter is electrically tunable according to the wavelength, the block of the electron-optical converter is made in the form of an intensity converter t is the color, and the synchronization unit consists of the first and second master oscillators, the first and second switching blocks, a pulse distributor, a controlled pulse generator and the first and second amplifiers, while the outputs of the master generators are connected to the first inputs of the switching blocks, to the second the inputs of which are connected, respectively, the first and second outputs of the distributor, the input of which is connected to the output of the controlled pulse generator, and the outputs of the switching units are connected to the inputs of the amplifiers, the output of the first of which it is connected to a controllable light filter, and the output of the second one is connected to an intensity – color converter. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the controlled filter consists of sequentially arranged polarizer, a layer of liquid crystal mounted between glass substrates / 7 with transparent conductive coatings on their inner sides, and an analyzer, moreover, one of the transparent coatings is connected to the output of the first amplifier, and the second is grounded. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the intensity-color converter consists of two transparent substrates with transparent conductive coatings on their inner sides, one of which is an optical input, and the second is an optical output of the converter, layer a photoconductor, a dielectric mirror and a liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal layer being adjacent to the substrate, which is an optical output, one of the conductive coatings is grounded, and the second is connected to the output of the second amplifier. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to increase the likelihood of detection with changing illumination, a photodetector and a translucent mirror are additionally introduced into it, and the second amplifier of the synchronization unit is made with an electrically controlled gain, translucent a mirror is mounted in front of the input lens, a photodetector is optically coupled to a translucent mirror, and the output of the photodetector is connected to a control input of a second amplifier. 2d 7 8 APR Hl 500 400 42 400 500 600 Figure 2 g-1 0.01 U gog Figl Fig. E t, c