RU1822807C - Oil dewatering centrifuge - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the invention relates to the purification of liquids with different densities in a centrifugal field and can be used to dehydrate oil in cleaning systems, during the running-in of repaired internal combustion engines, in machine tools during the prophylactic treatment of watered oils. SUBSTANCE: centrifuge for oil dehydration comprises a housing, a rotor having a hydro-jet drive, a column located inside the rotor, having a channel for supplying oil in the lower part, and channels for draining water and dehydrated oil in the upper part, mounted on the column with the formation of a passage for passage water disk, forming in the upper part of the zone of its diversion. The disk consists of sector elements, between which there are radial passage channels. Sector elements through one have circumferential cutouts on the periphery. A shutter is installed over the disk to block radial channels and cutouts, the shape of which is similar to the shape of the disk, equipped with means for its rotation about the axis of the column. 11 ill. Yo

Description

The invention relates to the purification of liquids of different densities in a centrifugal field, and can be used to dehydrate oil in cleaning systems, during the running-in of repaired internal combustion engines, in machine tools, as well as in the prophylactic treatment of watered oils.

The purpose of the invention is to provide the ability to control the amount of water discharged from the working area of the water rotor and to increase the reliability of the centrifuge in operation.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a centrifuge; FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1: in FIG. 3 a cross section aa in FIG. 1: figure 4 is a cross-section in-in on

figure 1; in Fig.5 is a longitudinal section cc in Fig.Z; figure 6 is a longitudinal section e-e in figure 4; Fig. 7 is a diagram of an arrangement on an end part of a column of a disk and elements of its regulation; on Fig - shutter disk; figure 9 is a disk; Fig. 10 is a diagram of the rotation of the shutter in the directions L and M; 11 is a diagram of the extraction of columns of kis by a disk from a rotor drum with a mud sediment of thickness d.

The centrifuge for oil dehydration comprises a housing 1, in the lower part of which a support pin 2 is installed, with a channel 3 for supplying oil through it for dehydration, as well as an expanded drain pipe 4 for discharging dehydrated oil. In the upper part of the housing there is a cover 5 with a spike 6,

00

NJ N3 00

about

xj

inside of which there is a vertical channel 7 for passing water. Radial divisions are applied on the end part of the spike.

8, and the entrance to the channel is closed with a screw plug

9. A locking needle 10 and an outlet fitting 11 for discharging water are mounted on the sides of the spike.

A rotor 13 is mounted on the bearings 12 inside the housing. A column 14 is located inside of it. A central 15 and a lateral 16 channels are drilled in its lower part for passing oil into the rotor. A peripheral lip seal 17 is also located there and nozzles 18 of a hydroreactive drive are installed with oil supplied to them under pressure through a channel 19.

A disk 20 is mounted on the column 14 to form a slit 21 for the passage of water and in the upper part of the rotor of the drainage zone.

The disk consists of sector elements 22, between which there are radial passage channels 23. wherein sector elements through one have cutouts 24 located on the periphery on the periphery. Above the disk, a shutter 25 is installed for overlapping radial channels and cutouts, the shape of which is similar to the shape of the disc, equipped with a means for turning it about the axis of the column, containing a cylindrical winch 26 connected by a threaded rod 27 with a shutter. The disc and flap are made of sheet steel spring.

The damper is provided with a central bushing 28 with fluid passage channels 29 and threaded sockets 30 for threaded rod 27.

A central socket 31 is formed inside the column in the direction of the vertical channel for water passage. It placed a cylindrical winch 26.

To allow the movement of the threaded rod 27 when the shutter is rotated, radial slots are made in the column

32. They are also a limiter for the circular movement of the valve (within its working rotation of about 55 °). For reliable water passage inside the central socket 31, holes were drilled in the column

33. For the same made channels 34 in the head.

To fix the collar, and with it the shutter, in a predetermined position in the threaded part 35 of the central socket 31, a nut 36 with an external thread, a flow channel and slotted slots 37 for a special screwdriver 38 is placed. The same slots 39 are made in local central drilling 40 the winch. With nut 41, the rotor drum is fixed to the column.

The centrifuge operates as follows.

In the beginning, adjust the position of the disk 20, setting the necessary passage

section of a peripheral slit 21 for water passage. To do this, remove the plug 9 and through the vertical channel 7 with a screwdriver 38 unscrew the nut 36 by about 1/2 turn. In this case, the pressure on the valve 26 s

the threaded rod 27 is removed and the fixing of the shutter 25 is loosened. Another, slightly smaller screwdriver penetrates through the vertical channel 7 to the winch 26, engages it with a slotted slot 39 and rotates the shutter together with the shutter 25 counterclockwise in the direction of the arrow T (see figure 10) to the original position until it stops threaded rods 27 in radial slot 32 columns 14

0 (see figure 4). In this case, the position of the screwdriver should be in the direction of zero mark 8, on the end part of the spike 6 (see figure 7), and the shutter should be in the 25th position of the largest open peripheral passage slot and

5 complete closure of radial cuts (channels) 23.

When adjusting the spacer disc, the following rule should be followed: the higher the viscosity of the oil and the content in

0 water, the more the passage section of the slit 21 is established.

With the rotor diameter D 130 mm and the depth of the peripheral cutout mm (see Fig. 8), the largest flow area

5 slots with a fully open damper in its original position (respectively, at zero mark 8) reaches F - 7.5 cm2. The division value 8 at the end of the spike 6 is about 2.5 cm2.

0 For example, when the flap is turned in the direction of the arrow L by one division (see Fig. 10), the total bore of the spacer disc will be 7.5-2.5 5 cm. After installing the shutter 25 in the set position, it is fixed with a nut 36 and the channel 7 is closed with a stopper 9. If during operation it is necessary to reduce or increase the cross-section, it is necessary to remove the stopper 9 and carry out the appropriate adjustment of the disk adjustment (see figure 10) without disassembling the centrifuge.

When heated water-containing oil is supplied under pressure of 3 ... 4 kgf / cm into channel 3 in the direction of arrow M, it enters the rotor 13 through central 15 and lateral 16 channels. Then, in direction of arrow B (see figure 1) it enters the channel 19 and through it to the nozzles 18 of the hydroreactive drive. After spinning the rotor and reaching its rotation frequency 9 10

thousand rpm from the nozzles 18, oil separated from the water begins to flow. It is supplied through the pipe 4 in the direction of the arrow N as directed

Under the influence of centrifugal forces, water and partially mechanical impurities having a higher density rush to the inner cylindrical surface of the rotor 13. (Usually, before dehydration, the oil is preliminarily purified from mechanical impurities). A certain amount of solid impurities is retained on this surface, and water, squeezed away from it, penetrates the upper part of the rotor in the direction of arrow E into the peripheral slots S formed between the inner surface of the rotor and the edges of the disk 20.

Further, the water extracted from the oil enters through the radial slots 32 and the holes 33 in the column and the channels 29 in the sleeve 28 in the direction of the arrow I to the central socket 31, and from it through the radial channels 34 in the head 26 in the direction of the arrow K to the vertical channel 7, from where, in the direction of arrow I, to the exit. The rate of outflow of water is controlled by the locking needle 10.

Despite the preliminary cleaning of the oil before centrifugal dehydration, the remaining part-solid impurities are deposited on the inner surface of the rotor 13 in the form of a compacted layer with a thickness of d (see figure 11). During centrifuge maintenance, the compacted layer prevents the column 14 from being removed from the rotor assembly

disk 20. This drawback, common to all types of centrifuges with a circular transverse baffle of the rotor, was eliminated by making flexible material with radial slots 23. When the column is removed, the disk bends within limits that are safe for permanent deformation and the column 14 assembled with the disk 20 is free removed from rotor 13 in the direction of arrow R.

The design of the centrifuge ensures its reliability,

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A centrifuge for oil dehydration, comprising a housing, a rotor having a hydrojet drive, a column located inside the rotor having a channel for supplying oil at the bottom, and channels for draining water and dehydrated oil at the top, mounted on the column to form a gap for water passage, a disk forming in the upper part of the zone of its water supply. This is because, in order to provide the possibility of controlling the amount of water discharged from the rotor working zone and increasing the centrifuge reliability, the disk consists of sector elements, between which radial passage channels are located, while sector elements through one have peripheral cuts located around the circumference, with a shutter installed above the disk to block radial channels and cuts, the shape of which is similar to the shape of the disk, equipped with means for its rotation about the axis of the column . h N N H F H N N X H N N S S S S H h h s h h h h h h h h h h, h V h LOIZWi Type A FIG. 5 6 FIG. 7 caffodtj h id ft 01gpf II M  .0 ll 108 5 281 / -NB: /4 FIG. 1J