RU1822729C - Graded for sorting fruits - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to working bodies for sorting fruits by size. The device comprises a sorting surface formed by closed belts enveloping pulleys 3, 4 mounted on the drums of the drive and bypass shafts. The means for rigidly connecting the pulleys 3,4 with the drums are made in the form of a key connection, while the upper surface of the key is grooved in the axial direction and with a lead-in chamfer. The keyway 10 is provided with a rib 13 also with a chamfer, the cross section of which is adequate to the hollows between the flutes 11. When the shafts are turned, the ribs 13 enter the hollows between the flutes 11, which fixes the pulleys 3, 4 from axial movement along their drums. 3 C.p. f-ls, 8 ill.

Description

FIG. 4

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to working bodies for sorting fruits by size,

The purpose of the invention is to increase the operational performance of the device, increase the accuracy of sorting, and reduce cost.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, side view; in FIG. 2 - shaft design; in FIG. 3 - the location of the pulleys on the drums of the shafts; in FIG. 4 is a diagram of a pulley fixing on a drum; in FIG. 5 is the same side view; in FIG. 6 shows the position of the pulley on the drums with respect to the key for its axial movement; in FIG. 7 is a diagram of a peripheral pulley mounting; in FIG. 8 is an embodiment of a key connection.

The device for sorting fruits contains a sorting surface 1 formed by closed belts 2, envelope pulleys 3, 4, mounted on the drums 5 of the drive and bypass shafts 6 and 7. The number of peripheral pulleys 3 is determined by the number of pulleys required to remove when setting the maximum clearance between belts 2 on a sorting surface, which is determined in specific operating conditions. For ease of removal from the drums 5, the pulleys 3 are made of two halves interconnected by a dovetail type connection 8. Pulleys 4 are made integral. The pulleys 3 and 4 can be moved along the axis of the drums 5. The torque is transmitted from the drums 5 to the pulleys 3 and 4 by means of a key coupling in which the width of the key 9 and the width of the key groove 10 are different in cross section. The upper surface of the tongue 9 has axially flutes. The step t of the flutes 11 is made equal to the minimum permissible step of changing the clearance between the belts. For example, for processing potatoes, carrots, onions MM, and for processing beets ... 4 mm. The corrugated surface of the key 9 is provided with an entry chamfer 12. A rib 13 is installed in the keyway 10, also having an entry chamfer 14.

The angle of inclination of the chamfer of the key to the radius of the drum is smaller than the angle of inclination of the chamfer of the ribs; for example, the angle of the bevel of the key 40 °, the angle of the bevel of the ribs 60 °. The cross section of the rib 13 is made equidistant to the hollows between the flutes 11.

Alternatively, for convenience during operation, two ribs 13 are mounted symmetrically with respect to the keyway 10

the dowels and the grooved surface of the dowel are cylindrical (Fig. 8).

The shafts 6 and 7 are installed in the housing 15 of the bearings mounted on the frame 16.

The distance B between the housings 15 or the frame 16 and the drums 5 is not less than the width H of the pulleys 3. The diameter d of the shafts 6 and 7 is not more than half the size of the triple diameter De of the drum 5 and the outer

diameter He pulleys 3, and the diameter De of the drums 5 is equal to the installation diameter D of the pulleys 3 and 4, i.e. De D; . „3 Re-On

d "2:

In $, N.

Pulleys 4 are mounted on drums 5 of shafts 6 and 7, not yet mounted on bearings and on frame 16, and pulleys 3 can

be mounted on the drums 5 of the shafts 6 and 7 already mounted by means of the housing 15 of the bearings on the frame 16. This installation is carried out as follows. In section B between building 5 and

drum 5 by means of connection 8 connect both halves of the pulley (Fig. 8). Then, the key 9 and the keyway 10 are combined (Fig. 6) and the pulley 3 is installed in the required position on the drum 5. For fixing

pulleys 3 and 4 on the drums 5, they are rotated relative to each other so that the ribs 13 entered the hollows between the flutes 11. Entrance chamfers 12 and 14 or the cylindrical execution of the keys 9 contribute

the introduction of ribs 13 into the troughs. When installing pulleys 3 and 4 on the drums 5, the direction of rotation of the shafts 6 and 7 during operation should be taken into account. Pulleys 3 and 4 must be installed in such a position that in

during operation, the ribs 13 tried to constantly be located in the hollows between the flutes 11. It is possible to manufacture pulleys 3 and 4 with a symmetrical arrangement of the ribs 13 relative to the keys 9, then the orientation

pulleys 3 and 4 relative to the keys 9 are indifferent, which facilitates the Assembly of the device. To change the clearance between the belts 2 during the transition to the processing of other products, the position of the pulleys 3 and 4 on the drums is changed

5. To do this, loosen the belts 2, rotate each pulley 3 and 4 so that the rib 13 is pulled out of the cavity between the flutes 11, and the pulleys are moved along the drum to the desired location. Turning the pulley 3 and 4 relative to the drum 5 and introducing the rib 13 into the troughs between the flutes 11, fix it in a new place. If necessary, remove excess pulleys 3 from section B or install new ones. After

Belts are pulled in and the device is ready for use.

The device operates as follows. A pile of fruit is fed to sorting surface 1. Small fruits fall into the gaps between the belts 2, and large ones descend from the sorting surface 1 through the drive shaft 6. The fruits divided by size go to the appropriate conveyors (not shown), which direct them to the destination for further processing.

The ability to quickly change the device to processing other products increases its operational sorting performance.

Claims (3)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A device for sorting fruits containing a sorting surface formed by closed belts enveloping pulleys mounted on drums of drive and driven shafts, the pulleys are provided with means for rigidly coupling them with drums made in the form of a key connection with their various cross-section and have the opportunity axial movement along the drums, and the ends of the shafts are installed in the bearing housings mounted on the frame, and the installation diameter of the pulleys is equal to the diameter drum, characterized in that, in order to increase operational productivity and improve the accuracy of sorting, the upper surface of the key has grooves, the step of which is equal to the minimum allowable step when changing the gap between the belts, the keyway has a rib whose cross section is equidistant to the hollows between the grooves . 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that. that the working surfaces of the keys and ribs are made with lead-in chamfers, and the angle of inclination of the bevel of the key is made to smaller angles of inclination of the bevel of the rib. 3. The device according to paragraphs. 1,2, characterized in that the upper corrugated surface of the dowel is part of the lateral surface of the cylinder. 4, The device according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost, the peripheral pulleys are made integral. / 6 Pue.1JL 8 FIG. 2 / J 10 Fig 7 / 3 lFig. AT