RU1822471C - Hydraulic system - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: the hydraulic system refers to hydraulic engineering and can be used in hydroficated stationary and mobile machines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a hydraulic system comprises a suction and additional hydraulic lines connected to a hydraulic tank and between each other, a drain hydraulic line connected to an additional hydraulic line, three throttles, the first of which is installed in the suction hydraulic line, and the second and third in the additional hydraulic line on opposite sides of the place connecting to it a drain hydraulic line, while the additional hydraulic line is connected to the atmosphere or air of the hydraulic tank through a drain hydraulic line connected second to the third between the second and third throttle. Achieved result: reduction of losses of the working fluid and preservation of the environment. 1 C.p. f-ls, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular to the hydraulic systems of hydraulic machines, and can be used in mobile machines.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss of working fluid and to preserve the environment by the fact that the suction line is connected to the atmosphere or air of the hydraulic tank via an additional hydraulic line through a hydraulic element.

In FIG. 1, 2 and 3 presents a diagram of the device.

The hydraulic system contains a suction 1, drain 2 and an additional 3 hydraulic lines in which the first, second and third hydraulic resistances 4, 5 and 6 are installed respectively (Figs. 1, 2 and 3). The suction line 1 is connected to the drain line 2 with an additional line 3. The suction line 1

through an additional hydraulic line 3 through a hydraulic element is in communication with the atmosphere or air medium 7 of the hydraulic tank 8.

The hydraulic element can be made in the form of a hydraulic tank 8 of the check valve 9 connected to the atmosphere or air 7, which is connected either to the drain hydraulic line 2 (Fig. 1) or to an additional hydraulic line 3 (Fig. 2). In the latter case, in order to increase the sensitivity of the device to losses of the working fluid in the additional hydraulic line 3, a hydraulic resistance 11 (mainly in hydraulic systems not equipped with single-acting hydraulic cylinders) can be installed in front of the connection point 10 for the check valve 9.

To speed up the spill of the hydraulic system (filling the working fluid with

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of cavities of hydraulic units and assemblies) a blocking device may be provided, installed in front of or behind the check valve 9 or in one of the indicated hydraulic lines (the blocking device is not shown in the drawing).

The hydraulic element can also be made in the form of a hydraulic tank 8 of a drain line 2 in communication with the air 7, the outlet 12 of which can be both above and below the recommended level 13 of the working fluid in the hydraulic tank 8 (Fig. 3).

A second discharge hydraulic line 15 with a fifth hydraulic resistance 16 can be connected to the drain hydraulic line 2. in which the fourth hydraulic resistance 14 is installed.

The hydraulic system can be equipped with a compensator 17 designed to prevent false triggering of the emergency device when working with single-acting hydraulic cylinders. The compensator is a container including the internal cavities of the section of the additional hydraulic line 3 (Fig. 2) or of the additional hydraulic line 3 and the section of the drain hydraulic line 2 from the non-return valve 9 to the suction hydraulic line 1 (Fig. 1), or the additional hydraulic line H and the section of the drain hydraulic line from the outlet 12 drain line 2 to the suction line 1 (Fig 3). as well as additional capacity 19 (Fig. 1 and 3) if necessary.

For the operation of the hydraulic system with hydraulic cylinders of both one-sided and two-sided operation, a second blocking device (not shown in the drawing) can be provided, which turns off the excess volume of the internal cavity of the compensator 17, including, for example, additional capacity 19. The second locking device can be controlled manually or automatically by a signal from sensors, for example pressure or flow rate, in the discharge and discharge hydraulic lines of the hydraulic system. The design of the second blocking device, like the first, can be implemented as a distributor.

The device operates as follows.

Under the conditions of trouble-free operation of the hydraulic system, part of the working fluid through the drain line 2 enters the hydraulic tank 8 through the throttle 5, the other part of the flow through the hydraulic line 3 through the hydraulic resistance 6 - into the suction hydraulic line 1 (Figs. 1 and 3). Before hydraulic resistance 6 overpressure

greater than zero, which prevents air from entering the suction line 1 through an additional line 3. connected to the atmosphere or air environment 7 of the hydraulic tank 8.

If there is another hydraulic resistance 11 (Fig. 2) or 14 (Fig. 3) before the hydraulic resistance 6, the design parameters also provide a positive overpressure before the hydraulic resistance 6.

In the event of an emergency leak, the flow of the working fluid in the drain and additional hydraulic lines 2 and 3 decreases or completely stops. The overpressure before the hydraulic resistance 6 becomes less than zero due to the vacuum in the suction line 1. Through the hydraulic element.

0

connecting additional hydroline

3 with the atmosphere or air of the hydraulic tank 8, the air enters the suction line 1 (Fig. 1 and 3). Simultaneously through hydraulic

5, resistance 4, the working fluid from the hydraulic tank enters the suction line 1.

As a result of this, oil-air-to-hydraulic flows into the hydraulic system

0 mixture, the volume fraction of the working fluid in which depends on the design parameters of the device. Reducing the loss of working fluid is achieved by ejecting an oil-air mixture with a small content of working fluid.

If the specified hydraulic element is made in the form of a check valve 9. then the air enters the additional hydraulic line 3 due to the opening of the check

0 valve 9 at negative overpressure (Fig. 1). When connecting the valve 9 to the additional hydraulic line 3, the hydraulic resistance 11 provides the opening of the check valve 9 at full and

5 partial discharge of the working fluid (Fig. 2). If the non-return valve 9 is connected to the drain hydraulic line, then with a complete discharge of the working fluid and the cessation of supply to the drain hydraulic line (Fig. 1).

0 Blocking device when spilling

the hydraulic system disconnects the check valve 9 from the suction line 1, if it is installed in series with respect to the check valve (behind or in front of it, in

5 additional hydraulic lines 3). If it is installed in the suction line, it turns off the additional line 3. If there is no blocking device, part of the air from the internal cavities of the hydraulic system enters the tank, and the other part is sucked, due to this the process of filling the hydraulic system with the working fluid is extended over time.

If the specified hydraulic element is made in the form of a drain hydraulic line in communication with the air medium 7 of the hydraulic tank 8, then at negative overpressure before the hydraulic resistance 5, air enters the suction hydraulic line 1 through the outlet 12 of the drain hydraulic line 2 (Fig. 3).

To prevent foaming of the working fluid, in this case, the hydraulic resistance parameters are selected so that the flow of the working fluid in the drain line 2 is much smaller than in the additional 3. If the drain stream is divided into two hydraulic lines, then the drain stream in the hydraulic line 15 should be large .

Immersion of the outlet 12 of the drain hydraulic line 2 to a shallow depth below the level 13 of the working fluid in the hydraulic tank 8 also reduces the likelihood of foaming, while the immersion depth must correspond to the permissible loss of working fluid provided by the design of the device

The compensator 17 ensures the flow of working fluid through the suction line 1 through the additional hydraulic line 3 when working with single-acting hydraulic cylinders. If an emergency leak occurs, after filling the internal cavity of the compensator 17, air enters the suction hydraulic line 1. As a result, when working with hydraulic motors or double-acting hydraulic cylinders the volume of lost working fluid will be greater

than it would be possible without a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, Recommended for use in such hydraulic systems is a second locking device that disconnects part of the compensator tank

will reduce the loss of working fluid when working with hydraulic motors and hydraulic cylinders of double-acting

As hydraulic resistance, chokes can be used,

oil lines, filters, radiator, flow divider, etc.

Claims (2)

The claims 1 Hydraulic system, containing a bulk and additional hydrolymi connected with the tank and with each other, a drain hydroline connected to the additional hydroline, and three throttles, the first of which is installed in the suction hydroline and the second and third in the additional hydroline on opposite sides of the place connecting a drain hydroline to it, characterized in that the additional hydroline is connected to Mosfiroi or air medium hydraulic tank through a drainage hydraulic line connected in the area between the second and third throttle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein by the fact that a check valve is installed in the drainage hydraulic line. f g s / g / g Riga.Z / IB 2 15