RU1821100C - Irrigation method - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in agriculture, in particular, irrigation reclamation during mechanized irrigation of agricultural crops along furrows and strips to increase the uniformity of irrigation. The method of irrigation consists in the intermittent supply of water to the furrows (strips) at a constant flow rate from outlets displaced upward along the furrow with a variable speed proportional to the speed of the irrigation stream reaching the desired target. 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to irrigation land reclamation, and can be used in machine irrigation, mainly agricultural crops.

The aim of the invention is to increase the uniformity of the distribution of irrigation norm along the furrow length, i.e. improving the quality of irrigation.

Figure 1 - schematically shows the irrigation installation (machine) and the direction of movement of the outlets: in Fig.2 - curve of the change in the speed of movement of outlets along the furrow up the slope; Fig. 3 is a flow diagram of an irrigation jet.

To implement the irrigation method on an irrigated array with a slope of surface I, irrigation furrows 1 of length I are cut. Water can be supplied, for example, from a hose device (machine). The water outlet section 2. is located in a horizontal plane across the grooves 1 at a certain height (usually equal to

or more than the height of plants) above their ridges, has water outlets 3, lagging from each other at a distance multiple of the distance between rows. Irrigation water 4 is supplied to the water outlet section 2 from a flexible water conduit (hose) 5. which winds the reel 6 along a furrow 1 at a speed V along the groove 1 upstream of the water outlet section 2. The drum b is mounted on supports 7 with the possibility of moving across the furrows.

The method is carried out as follows.

The outlet section 2 is set to its initial position in the lower part of the groove 1. when the flexible conduit 5 is fully extended along the furrow. The end of the furrow 1 (dead end) may be located both close to the outlet section 2. or at some distance. Water is introduced into the hose machine. Water 4 through a hose-5 enters the water outlet section 2 and through water outlets 3 into irrigation furrows 1,

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From a previously received moment (signal), the water discharge section 2 starts to move uphill. Such a moment (signal) can be: the maximum permissible filling of the dead end of the irrigation furrow 1: the moment the forehead of the irrigation stream 4 reaches the end of the furrow or to some other alignment, etc. At any initial moment, which served as a signal to the beginning of the movement of the water outlet section 2, the water outlet section is moved at such a speed V that the deviation from the initial moment was within the acceptable range, namely, for example, the maximum depth of filling in the dead end of the furrow 1 is not more than 10% or the accuracy of reaching the forehead of the irrigation stream to a given target of ± 10%, etc.

The mode of movement of the outlet 3, uphill along the irrigation furrow 1 during irrigation, ensuring compliance with the above conditions, is a graph of the movement of the outlet with the velocity of the forehead of the irrigation stream. In this case, the run-up speed of the irrigation jet is understood as the velocity

. the movement of the beginning (forehead) of the jet supplied by the flow q from the outlet. located at the beginning of the furrow. To more illustratively illustrate the irrigation method, the following analogy can be given (Fig. 3). Water outlet 3 with a flow q set-. flax at the very end of the furrow 1 (FIG. 3) 1 0. Another imaginary outlet with a flow rate of QCTP is also located at the beginning of the furrow (FIG. 4). The movement of water outlet 2 upward along slope i starts simultaneously (or with a specified delay) with the water supply of an imaginary water outlet to the furrow downward to slope K. of the same alignment It ... ...- .. Implementation of the proposed method

. irrigation in the field is carried out as follows. By supplying water to several (usually three furrows) furrows with a flow rate q, the schedule for reaching the forehead of the irrigation stream is determined.

The run-up graph is a general characteristic of these conditions - soil / slope absorption, furrow quality, etc.

Based on the obtained recalculation schedule, a graph of the change in speed is built. A General view of such a graph is presented in figure 2. This relationship is stored in the control member of the hose machine. In mathematical expression, this dependence has a well-known form:

a / t

l / t a- t

a -1 V a -t

(1)

(2)

where I is the mileage;

a and a-parameters of the curve;

t is the travel time;

V is the speed of run.

Thus, the proposed irrigation method allows the irrigation water to be distributed economically with a high degree of uniformity along the length of the furrow. In addition, to irrigate in a shorter time by supplying a higher water flow rate to the furrows. .

F. about r-mu-l and goiter ret n and

A method of irrigation, including the supply of water to the furrows laid with a slope from the outlets moved along them, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of irrigation, the water is supplied to the furrows by moving the water outlets upward along the furrow slope at a speed proportional to the speed of the forehead of the irrigation jet down the slope.

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