RU1810993C - Commutating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in control devices for electromagnetic mechanisms. The device contains 2 transistors 1, 2, 2 optocouplers 6, 7, 2 resistors 8, 9, 2 zener diodes 10, 11, 1 active-inductive load 4, 1 mechanical switch 5, 1 power supply 3. 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and automation and can be used in control devices for electromagnetic mechanisms.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device by switching current of any polarity.

The drawing shows a diagram of a switching device.

The switching device contains the first 1 np-p type transistor, the second 2 pn-p type transistor, power supply 3, active-inductive load 4, mechanical switch 5, the first 6 and second 7 optocouplers containing pairs: LED phototransistor, first 8 and second 9 resistors, the first 10 and second 11 zener diodes, while the first bus of the power supply 3 is connected to the first output of the active-inductive load 4, the second bus of the power supply 3 is connected to the first output of the mechanical key 5, the second output of which is connected to the second output active induction of active load 4, emitters and collectors of the first 1 and second 2 transistors are interconnected in pairs and connected respectively to the first and second terminals of the active-inductive load 4, the base of the first 1 transistor is connected to the emitters of phototransistors of the first b and second 7 optocouplers, the base of the second 2 transistors through the first 8 resistor are connected to the collectors of phototransistors of the first and second 7 optocouplers, the cathode of the LED of the first 6 optocouplers, the anode of the LED of the second 7 optocouplers and the first output of the second 9 resistor are connected to the first pin the mechanical key 5, the anode of the LED of the first 6 optocoupler, the cathode of the light / diode of the second 7 optocouplers and the second output of the second 9 resistors are connected to the second output of the mechanical key 5, the anodes of the first 10 and second 11 zener diodes are connected to the first and second terminals of the active-inductive load 4, and the cathodes of these zener diodes are interconnected.

The switching device operates as follows.

When the mechanical key 5 is closed, the transistors 1 and 2 are closed and the current of the power source 3 flows through the active inductive load 4.

When the mechanical switch 5 is opened, current flows through the load and in parallel connected resistor 9 and one of the optocoupler LEDs 6 or 7 (depending on the direction of the current). Assume that there is a positive potential on the first bus of power supply 3 and a negative potential on the second. Then the current of the power source 3 flows through the load 4 and in parallel connected resistor 9 and the LED of the optocoupler 6. The LED of the optocoupler 6 emits

light and opens the phototransistor of this optocoupler. The current of the power source 3 begins to flow along the circuit: the emitter junction of the transistor 2, the resistor 8, the collector-emitter junction of the optocoupler phototransistor 6,

0 collector junction of transistor 1, resistor 9 and LED of optocoupler 6 connected in parallel. Transistors 1 and 2 open (transistor 1 operates in inverse mode). DC power supply 3 re

5 is switched off from load 4 into the emitter-collector circuits of transistors 1 and 2. Since these transistors are saturated, current almost does not flow through load 4. If the polarity of the power source changes,

0 i.e. the negative potential is visible on the first bus, and the positive potential on the second, then when the mechanical key 5 is opened, the current will flow through the load 4 and the resistor 9 and the LED connected in parallel

5 optocoupler 7. The LED of the optocoupler 7 emits light and opens the phototransistor of this optocoupler. The current of the power source 3 begins to flow through the circuit: a resistor 9 and an optocoupler 7 LED connected in parallel, the transistor 2 collector junction, resistor 8, the optocoupler 7 transistor collector-emitter junction, the emitter junction of the transistor 1. Transistors 1 and 2 open (transistor 2 works in inverse mode 5). The constant current of power supply 3 is switched from load 4 to the emitter-collector circuits of transistors 1 and 2.

Thus, for any polarity

0 power supply 3 switching occurs without breaking the circuit, which significantly reduces the level of radio interference emitted by the device.

When locking a mechanical key 5

5, transistors 1 and 2 are locked, and one of the zener diodes is pierced, which limits the voltage between the emitters and collectors of transistors 1 and 2. Then, the current through load 4 rises to the nominal value, and the zener diode is locked.

The functionality of the switching device is wider than that of the known ones, since the device allows switching current of any polarity.

5

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A switching device comprising a first npn transistor, a first zener diode, a power supply made in the form of a current source, an active inductive load and a mechanical key, the first bus of the power source is connected to the first output of the active inductive load, the second bus is connected to the first output a mechanical key, the second terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the active inductive load, characterized in that. that, in order to expand the functionality, a second pnp transistor, a second zener diode, a first and a second optocouplers, a first and a second resistor are introduced, while the emitters and collectors of the first and second transistors are paired together and connected respectively to the first and second conclusions of the active inductive load, the base of the first transistor it is connected with the emitters of phototransistors of the first and second optocouplers, the base of the second transistor is connected through the first resistor to the collectors of phototransistors of the first and second optocouplers, the cathode of the LED of the first optocoupler, the anode of the LED of the second optocoupler and the first output of the second resistor are connected to the first terminal of the mechanical key, the anode of the LED of the first optocoupler, the cathode of the LED of the second optocoupler and the second terminal of the second resistor are connected to the second terminal of the mechanical key, the anodes of the first and second zener diodes are connected respectively enno to first and second terminals of the active inductive load, and their cathodes connected together.